Maroš Šefčovič
Maroš Šefčovič (Slovak: [ˈmarɔʂ ˈʂeftʂɔʋitʂ] ⓘ; born 24 July 1966) is a Slovak diplomat and politician serving as Executive Vice-President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal since 2023,[2] as well as Vice-President of the European Commission for Interinstitutional Relations since 2019, previously holding the office from 2010 to 2014. He has been member of the European Commission since 2009. Šefčovič also stood for office in the 2019 Slovak presidential election, which he lost against Zuzana Čaputová.[3]
He served as European Commissioner for Education, Training, Culture and Youth from 2009 to 2010 and Vice-President of the European Commission for Interinstitutional Relations and Administration from 2010 to 2014. He also served as European Commissioner for Energy from 2014 to 2019. In 2019, he was again nominated to become Vice President for Interinstitutional Relations and Foresight.
Early life and studies edit
Born in Bratislava, Šefčovič originally enrolled at the University of Economics in his hometown in 1984, but left the university after one year to pursue a degree in Russia at Moscow State Institute of International Relations, where he studied from 1985 to 1990.
In June 1987, Šefčovič became a candidate for membership in the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. After the two-year candidacy period during which he had to secure three approvals from other party members and which he embraced to "deepen his knowledge of Marxism–Leninism", he filed an application for party membership in May 1989. The party approved his application on 1 June 1989 and he became an official member.[4]
In 2000, he obtained a PhD in international law at Comenius University in Bratislava. The subject of his dissertation thesis was Sources of the EU law and respective legislative procedures.[5]
Diplomatic career edit
Šefčovič is a former diplomat, who served in Zimbabwe, Canada, as well as the Slovak ambassador to Israel (1999–2002). He was also the Permanent Representative of the Slovak Republic to the European Union (2004–2009).[6]
Political career edit
European Commission edit
2009–2010: European Commissioner for Education, Training, Culture and Youth edit
Šefčovič replaced Ján Figeľ as European Commissioner for Education, Training, Culture and Youth on 1 October 2009.
2010–2014: Vice-President for Interinstitutional Relations and Administration edit
Šefčovič's responsibilities included the administration of the Commission and management of some of the Commission's Internal Services; in particular consolidation of administrative reform, personnel and administration, European Schools and security.[7] From 19 April 2014 to 25 May 2014, José Manuel Barroso was an Acting Commissioner in Šefčovič's stead while he was on electoral campaign leave for the 2014 elections to the European Parliament.[8]
2014–2019: European Commissioner for Energy edit
Šefčovič was appointed Vice-President of the European Commission for Energy Union in 2014.[9] In July 2015, he brokered an agreement between fifteen countries from central, eastern and southeast Europe to speed up the building of gas links, improve security of supply, reduce their reliance on Russia and develop a fully integrated energy market.[10]
When digital single market Andrus Ansip stepped down from the European Commission to take up his seat in the European Parliament following the 2019 elections, the Commission's President Jean-Claude Juncker announced that Ansip's portfolio would be transferred to Šefčovič.[11]
2019–present: Vice-President for Interinstitutional Relations and Foresight edit
In September 2019 newly elected president of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen nominated Šefčovič as vice president for interinstitutional relations and foresight.[12] From 2021, he co-chaired and represented the European Union in the Partnership Council established by the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement.[13]
In 2023, von der Leyen appointed Šefčovič to fill in for Frans Timmermans as European Commissioner for Climate Action.[14]
2023–present: Executive Vice-President for the European Green Deal edit
On 22 August 2023, after Frans Timmermans resigned from the European Commission to run in the 2023 Dutch general election for the GroenLinks–PvdA alliance, Šefčovič succeeded him as Executive Vice-President for the European Green Deal. The position of European Commissioner for Climate Action was also assigned to Šefčovič on a temporary basis until a permanent successor has been chosen by the Netherlands.[2]
2019 Slovak presidential campaign edit
On 18 January 2019, Šefčovič announced that he would stand as a candidate in the 2019 Slovak presidential race, with support of the Smer–SD party.[15]
In the first round of the election held on 16 March, Šefčovič received 18.66% of the vote and came in second place after Zuzana Čaputová, who received 40.57% of votes. They both qualified for the second round run-off, which took place on 30 March. Šefčovič was defeated by Čaputová, receiving 41.59% of the vote versus 58.41% of votes for his opponent.
Other activities edit
Political positions edit
LGBT stance and other social issues edit
During his presidential campaign, Šefčovič repeatedly spoke against legislative changes which would improve the status of LGBT rights in Slovakia, strongly opposing both civil partnerships and same-sex adoptions. He dubbed his opponent Čaputová (who is in favour of both) as a candidate who is forcing a "new ultraliberal agenda" on Slovakia, comparing the second round of elections to a referendum on such an agenda, which he considered to be "in exact contradiction to traditional Christian values".[17][18] He also stated that "we can not support any further steps towards civil unions or same-sex adoptions because these would go precisely against our traditional Christian values", calling this stance as his "very natural position" due to his Christianity.[19][20] According to his opinion, discussions about "such experiments bring great unrest to society".[21]
Šefčovič supported and welcomed the position of the Slovak parliament and government not to ratify the Istanbul Convention (aimed against violence against women and domestic violence), citing his concerns about so-called "gender ideology".[22] Refusal to ratify the convention in his opinion confirmed that "Slovakia is built on respect to traditional values".
International relations and foreign policy edit
Šefčovič also criticised his opponent Čaputová for her opinions on the migrant crisis and related policies. He emphasised the importance of a speedy deportation policy, so that "people who do not have any business here are sent to their home countries as quickly as possible".[23] Furthermore, he pointed out that "it has to be Slovaks who decide who comes to our country".[21] Šefčovič has criticized Angela Merkel's actions in this area, labeling her "latest decisions which opened door to mass migration" as something that was not "thought-out very well".[24]
Šefčovič criticised the then-current president of Slovakia Andrej Kiska and said that he has caused "international isolation of Slovakia".[citation needed]
In the matter of Russia–EU relations, Šefčovič emphasised that he does not consider Russia to be any kind of threat. He also criticised imposed sanctions, stating that people are suffering from them.[25]
When asked about the Venezuelan presidential crisis, Šefčovič refused to identify either Nicolás Maduro or Juan Guaidó as legitimate president, stating that "leaning on one or the other side might worsen the situation".[24]
European Union edit
Šefčovič rejects the idea of EU federalization, saying he is "against creating a European superstate", and considers tax policy, autonomous migration policy, and family law issues to be "red lines" which should not be crossed by the European Union.[26]
Personal life edit
Šefčovič is married to Helena Šefčovičová, with whom he has 3 children: Helena, Martina, and Maroš.[6][3] Šefčovič gave a TEDx talk at TEDxYouth@EEB3 in 2018.
Notes and references edit
- ^ "Press corner" (PDF).
- ^ a b Mathiesen, Karl; Weise, Zia; Lynch, Suzanne (22 August 2023). "Šefčovič replaces Timmermans as EU Green Deal chief". Politico Europe. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
- ^ a b "Slowakei: Liberale Anwältin Zuzana Caputová gewinnt Präsidentschaftswahl". Der Spiegel. 31 March 2019.
- ^ "Šefčovičova prihláška do KSČ: Ešte v máji 1989 chcel aktívne budovať socializmus". dennikn.sk (in Slovak). N Press s.r.o. 24 March 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
- ^ http://alis.uniba.sk:8088/lib/item?id=chamo:102543
- ^ a b Official C.V. on European Commission website. Retrieved 12 September 2017
- ^ Mandate Description on European Commission website, archived on 17 November 2014
- ^ "Six commissioners head for EU election campaign trail". EUobserver. 3 April 2014.
- ^ "Maroš Šefčovič". European Commission. 1 September 2015.
- ^ Maja Zuvela (10 July 2015), European states agree to boost gas links, reduce reliance on Russia Reuters.
- ^ Carmen Paun and Lili Bayer (8 July 2019), Council rebuffs Juncker's plan to leave commissioner seats vacant Politico Europe.
- ^ "Šefčovič continues as vice-president of the Commission". The Slovak Spectator. 10 September 2019. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
- ^ Mia Bartoloni (22 January 2021), Movers & Shakers The Parliament Magazine.
- ^ Charlotte Van Campenhout and Foo Yun Chee (22 August 22023), EU's Sefcovic named interim climate chief after Timmermans quits Reuters.
- ^ "Šefčovič prijal ponuku Smeru, ohlásil kandidatúru na prezidenta". domov.sme.sk (in Slovak). Petit Press, a.s. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ International Advisory Council GLOBSEC.
- ^ "Šefčovič útočil na Čaputovú od prvej minúty: Jej liberálna agenda sa nezhoduje s kresťanskými hodnotami". dennikn.sk (in Slovak). N Press s.r.o. 17 March 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "EU centrist faces swing to right to secure Slovak poll victory". Financial Times. 18 March 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Voľby prezidenta SR 2019 – diskusia s dvoma kandidátmi". rtvs.sk (in Slovak). Radio and Television of Slovakia. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Čaputová a Šefčovič by Slovensko mafiánskym štátom nikdy nenazvali". tv.pravda.sk (in Slovak). P E R E X, a. s. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ a b "Je problém, že mladí cítia skôr národne ako európsky, vravel Šefčovič". domov.sme.sk (in Slovak). Petit Press, a.s. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Duel Čaputovej so Šefčovičom pred 2. kolom volieb". ta3.com (in Slovak). C.E.N. s.r.o. 27 March 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2019.
- ^ "Ficov nezávislák: Šefčovič o Smerákoch aj o definícii slovenského zlodeja". plus7dni.pluska.sk (in Slovak). News and Media Holding, a.s. 13 March 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ a b "Newsfilter: Čaputová zahanbila Šefčoviča v zahraničných témach". dennikn.sk (in Slovak). N Press s.r.o. 25 March 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
- ^ "Čaputovú a Šefčoviča rozdeľuje zahraničná politika". etrend.sk (in Slovak). News and Media Holding a.s. 26 March 2019. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
- ^ "Prezidentský kandidát Maroš Šefčovič". ta3.com (in Slovak). C.E.N. s.r.o. 25 March 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
External links edit
- Official Media Gallery
- Official website