Marmaduke Stone (28 November 1748 – 22 August 1834) was an English Jesuit, who brought to an end the two hundred year exile of English Jesuits in Europe. He achieved this not only while war had broken out between France and England, but also at a time when the Society of Jesus was suppressed in most of Europe and its colonies.[2]
Marmaduke Stone was born in Draycott near Painsley, Staffordshire into a recusant family and educated at St. Omer in northern France. At that time, Catholic education was not permitted in Britain. His education was interrupted when the entire school was forced to decamp to BrugesAustrian Netherlands on 10–17 August 1762, due to sudden French restrictions put on the order. Stone entered the Society of Jesus in 1767 in Ghent, and studied at the Liège Academy.[2]
Careeredit
In 1774, he was appointed Master of Elements at the recently established English Academy at Liège. In 1775, he was ordained priest and remained on the staff of the Academy.[2] In 1790 he succeeded William Strickland SJ who had become procurator in London, as president of the Academy. With his assistance Stone led the English "ex-Jesuits" through more than twenty testing years. Stone's brethren, though bound together by a common vocation and their still un-cancelled Jesuit vows, were not allowed by the papal brief of suppression to reunite for purposes of governance in their province. Stone could therefore only rule by appealing to conscience. When dealing with bishops, he could claim no rights, especially those essential to religious bodies. Fortunately, they were not hostile, although their views on Jesuit property and privileges caused Stone much trouble.
Owing to the great generosity of Thomas Weld of Lulworth, on 14 July 1794, the college at Liège was transferred to his estate at Stonyhurst in Lancashire. Despite the challenges involved, the upper and lower schools and the Academy reopened on 22 October 1794. A Rescript from the Roman Propaganda on 14 February 1796 confirmed Stonyhurst in all the ecclesiastical privileges of the Academy at Liège.[2] Since a restoration of the Society during the French Revolutionary Wars was unlikely, it was resolved to work for an affiliation with the Russian province of the Jesuits, whom the 1773 suppression did not affect and whose corporate existence had been recognised in Rome. The approach was successful.[2] On 19 May 1803, allied to the Russian province of the Society and having repeated his profession, Marmaduke Stone was declared provincial, and admitted the other Liège Jesuits to their vows, for England, Ireland, and Maryland. On 29 September a novitiate was opened at Hodder Place. While The Holy See gave no public recognition of the restored order, Pope Pius VII did privately express his pleasure. The Bull of Restoration of the entire Society finally came on 7 August 1814. On 2 December 1816 an interpretation was added stating it was to apply only where the secular government concurred. in England, therefore, the Jesuits retained their status quo.[2]
Since its transfer to England the college had grown enormously and the Jesuit missions had prospered. In spite of his advancing years, Stone continued to act as college minister till 1827, when he finally retired to St Helens. The news that the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 had come into force giving the English Jesuits formal recognition, reached him there in 1829. He died in St Helens in 1834 and was buried in nearby Windleshaw Abbey.[3]
Referencesedit
^Thomas M. McCoog (2019). Pre-suppression Jesuit Activity in the British Isles and Ireland. BRILL. pp. 91–93. ISBN978-9-0043-9529-9.
^ abcdefMary Allen (2018). "British Jesuits - From the Archives: On The Anniversary of Fr Marmaduke Stone SJ". www.jesuit.org.uk. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
^Austin Powell (1887). Windleshaw Chantry and Cemetery. Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire for the year 1887. pp. 27-28.
Bibliographyedit
Correspondence at Stonyhurst and elsewhere;
Gerard, Stonyhurst College (1894);
Henry Foley, Records of the English Province of the Society of Jesus, vii, 741;
Ward, The Dawn of the Catholic Revival (London, 1909);
____, The Eve of Catholic Emancipation (London, 1912).
External linksedit
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Marmaduke Stone". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
April 11, 2024
marmaduke, stone, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, 2014, lea. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Marmaduke Stone news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message Marmaduke Stone 28 November 1748 22 August 1834 was an English Jesuit who brought to an end the two hundred year exile of English Jesuits in Europe He achieved this not only while war had broken out between France and England but also at a time when the Society of Jesus was suppressed in most of Europe and its colonies 2 The Very ReverendMarmaduke StoneSJElectedProvincial of England Scotland and IrelandInstalled1803 1 Term ended1812PredecessorvacantOrdersOrdination1775Personal detailsBornMarmaduke Stone 1748 11 28 28 November 1748Draycott in the Moors Staffordshire EnglandDied22 August 1834 1834 08 22 aged 85 Lowe House St Helen sBuriedWendelsham AbbeyNationalityEnglishDenominationRoman CatholicOccupationpriest teacher administratorEducationCollege of St OmerAlma materEnglish Academy at Liege Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 References 4 Bibliography 5 External linksEarly life editMarmaduke Stone was born in Draycott near Painsley Staffordshire into a recusant family and educated at St Omer in northern France At that time Catholic education was not permitted in Britain His education was interrupted when the entire school was forced to decamp to Bruges Austrian Netherlands on 10 17 August 1762 due to sudden French restrictions put on the order Stone entered the Society of Jesus in 1767 in Ghent and studied at the Liege Academy 2 Career editIn 1774 he was appointed Master of Elements at the recently established English Academy at Liege In 1775 he was ordained priest and remained on the staff of the Academy 2 In 1790 he succeeded William Strickland SJ who had become procurator in London as president of the Academy With his assistance Stone led the English ex Jesuits through more than twenty testing years Stone s brethren though bound together by a common vocation and their still un cancelled Jesuit vows were not allowed by the papal brief of suppression to reunite for purposes of governance in their province Stone could therefore only rule by appealing to conscience When dealing with bishops he could claim no rights especially those essential to religious bodies Fortunately they were not hostile although their views on Jesuit property and privileges caused Stone much trouble Owing to the great generosity of Thomas Weld of Lulworth on 14 July 1794 the college at Liege was transferred to his estate at Stonyhurst in Lancashire Despite the challenges involved the upper and lower schools and the Academy reopened on 22 October 1794 A Rescript from the Roman Propaganda on 14 February 1796 confirmed Stonyhurst in all the ecclesiastical privileges of the Academy at Liege 2 Since a restoration of the Society during the French Revolutionary Wars was unlikely it was resolved to work for an affiliation with the Russian province of the Jesuits whom the 1773 suppression did not affect and whose corporate existence had been recognised in Rome The approach was successful 2 On 19 May 1803 allied to the Russian province of the Society and having repeated his profession Marmaduke Stone was declared provincial and admitted the other Liege Jesuits to their vows for England Ireland and Maryland On 29 September a novitiate was opened at Hodder Place While The Holy See gave no public recognition of the restored order Pope Pius VII did privately express his pleasure The Bull of Restoration of the entire Society finally came on 7 August 1814 On 2 December 1816 an interpretation was added stating it was to apply only where the secular government concurred in England therefore the Jesuits retained their status quo 2 Since its transfer to England the college had grown enormously and the Jesuit missions had prospered In spite of his advancing years Stone continued to act as college minister till 1827 when he finally retired to St Helens The news that the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 had come into force giving the English Jesuits formal recognition reached him there in 1829 He died in St Helens in 1834 and was buried in nearby Windleshaw Abbey 3 References edit Thomas M McCoog 2019 Pre suppression Jesuit Activity in the British Isles and Ireland BRILL pp 91 93 ISBN 978 9 0043 9529 9 a b c d e f Mary Allen 2018 British Jesuits From the Archives On The Anniversary of Fr Marmaduke Stone SJ www jesuit org uk Retrieved 4 May 2020 Austin Powell 1887 Windleshaw Chantry and Cemetery Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire for the year 1887 pp 27 28 Bibliography editCorrespondence at Stonyhurst and elsewhere Gerard Stonyhurst College 1894 Henry Foley Records of the English Province of the Society of Jesus vii 741 Ward The Dawn of the Catholic Revival London 1909 The Eve of Catholic Emancipation London 1912 External links edit nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Herbermann Charles ed 1913 Marmaduke Stone Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Marmaduke Stone amp oldid 1200596224, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
