In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Egaña and the second or maternal family name is Fernández.
María Margarita Egaña Fernández (14 December 1921 – 17 August 1975) was a Cubanarchitect who flourished in the 1950s. Her work is characterized by the trend of the era to fuse traditional Cuban architectural styles with modern functionality. Typically she designed single-family housing for middle- to upper-class clients. She was among the first generation of women to freely be able to practice their craft and is remembered as a pioneer of Modern Architecture in Cuba.
María Margarita Egaña Fernández was born on 14 December 1921 in Havana, Cuba[1][Notes 1] to Herminia Fernández and Manuel Egaña.[2] She began her studies in architecture in 1940 at the University of Havana and received her degree in 1947.[1][4] While she was in school, she met fellow architecture student, Javier Francisco Ravelo Meneses, whom she would marry in Havana on 7 February 1948. Immediately, the couple moved to Santiago de Cuba and registered with the Architects Association of the East (AAE), where Javier received license #31 and Margarita received license #32.[1][5]
Careeredit
The couple immediately began working for Ravelo's father, Francisco Ravelo Repilado, in his studio.[1] Later they opened their own firm, Estudio Egaña-Ravelo, which they operated from the ground floor of a building Egaña designed located in the neighborhood Ampliación de Terrazas #155.[4] Though the business was a joint endeavor, Egaña maintained her independence, with a style of her own.[4][6] During this time, the couple had three daughters and Ravelo became president of the AAE. Egaña served as a delegate to the National Assembly of Cuba between 1953 and 1956 and was vocal about her political opinions. This was simultaneously her most productive period as an architect.[1]
Egaña typically worked on single-family dwellings for middle to upper class clients. Her work attempted to fuse the traditional Cuban style of Santiago, which had been adapted to climatic constraints, with modern functionality. Her dwellings predominantly featured flat roofs atop banks of horizontally-running, glazed windows and utilized natural materials[4] to soften the industrial rigidity of the style and allow light and air to enter.[1] Jointly with Revalo, Egaña built around seventy homes, of which a few were located in the city center, or neighborhoods of Santa Bárbara or Raja Yoga, but most were in the eastern part of the city. Several planned urban communities, like Ampliación de Terrazas, Fomento, Terrazas de Vista Alegre and Vista Alegre, expanded Santiago eastward and were the focus of the majority of Egaña's works.[1][4]
These eastern suburban areas were built on a grid pattern, unlike the traditional city, and planned to utilize the water systems of San Juan and link the area to the village of El Caney. Individual plots surrounded shared green spaces, with a community pool and playground and visual barriers to the traffic on the main road arteries. They were the first manifestations of the Modern Movement and buildings utilized new technology and a variety of styles, but all were typically built using a skeleton structure with inverted and embedded beams and inclined reinforced-concrete, flat roofs with slight inclines on broken levels. Egaña's style was formal, but functional, integrating technology, visual effects.[7]
In 1961, Egaña and her daughters left Cuba for Puerto Rico.[1] They settled in Río Piedras,[2] where they were joined in 1963 by Ravelo.[1] She began being treated for cancer in 1968.[2]
Death and legacyedit
Egaña died on 17 August 1975 at Doctor's Hospital of Santurce, San Juan, Puerto Rico after a lengthy battle with cancer. She was buried the following day at Borinquen Memorial Cemetery in Caguas.[2] Egaña is remembered as one of the pioneering modernist architects of Cuba and one of the first generation of women architects to fully be allowed to participate in the field.[4][6]
Selected projectsedit
102 Aguilera, at the corner Siboney Road in the neighborhood of Terrazas[1]
119 Calle Anacaona, at the corner with Taíno in the neighborhood of Terrazas[1]
207 Calle 11, between Marcané and Bravo Correoso streets in the neighborhood of Santa Bárbara[1]
209 Calle 4, in the neighborhood of Vista Alegre[8]
307 Calle M, between C and 5th streets in the neighborhood of Ampliación de Terrazas[1]
318 Calle I, between the Avenue of the Americas and 6th streets in the neighborhood of Sueño[1]
322 Calle I, between the Avenue of the Americas and 6th streets in the neighborhood of Sueño[1]
357 Calle M, between 7th and 9th streets in the neighborhood of Ampliación de Terrazas[1]
358 Calle 17, between Raja Yoga and A street in the neighborhood of Raja Yoga[1]
Notesedit
^Egaña's death certificate gives her date of birth as 15 December 1922; however no informant of the information is listed.[2] Lora's date was supplied by her husband and is given precedence.[3]
Arias Laurino, Daniela (31 May 2015). . Un Dia Una Arquitecta (in Spanish). Barcelona, Spain. Archived from the original on 1 June 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2017.Blog is an academic project of a group of international professors from Spanish-speaking countries to recover the history of women architects.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
Lora, Marta (2008). [They Initiated the Path] (PDF). Arquitectura y Urbanismo (in Spanish). XXIX (2). Havana, Cuba: Instituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría: 76–81. ISSN 0258-591X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
Rodríguez, Leticia (2017). [Architecture of Santiago with the names of women]. Cuban Heritage (in Spanish). Adventure, Florida. Archived from the original on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
Soto Suárez, Milene; Muñoz Castillo, María Teresa (March 2005). [Vista Alegre, a look at modernity in Santiago de Cuba]. Arquitextos (in Spanish). 5 (58.09). São Paulo, Brazil: Vitruvius. ISSN 1809-6298. Archived from the original on 3 August 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
"Notas de Interes Profesional" [Professional Notes of Interest]. Arquitectura (in Spanish). XVI (183). Havana, Cuba: Del Colegio Nacional de Arquitectos: 273. October 1948. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
"Oriente" [East]. Arquitectura (in Spanish). XVII (186). Havana, Cuba: Del Colegio Nacional de Arquitectos: 52. January 1949. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
"Puerto Rico, Defunciones 1975–1976: Margarita Egaña Fernández". FamilySearch. San Juan, Puerto Rico: Oficinas del Ciudad. 18 August 1975. FHL digital folder #4493563, Registration #64, Certificate #895. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
January 01, 1970
maría, margarita, egaña, fernández, this, spanish, name, first, paternal, surname, egaña, second, maternal, family, name, fernández, december, 1921, august, 1975, cuban, architect, flourished, 1950s, work, characterized, trend, fuse, traditional, cuban, archit. In this Spanish name the first or paternal surname is Egana and the second or maternal family name is Fernandez Maria Margarita Egana Fernandez 14 December 1921 17 August 1975 was a Cuban architect who flourished in the 1950s Her work is characterized by the trend of the era to fuse traditional Cuban architectural styles with modern functionality Typically she designed single family housing for middle to upper class clients She was among the first generation of women to freely be able to practice their craft and is remembered as a pioneer of Modern Architecture in Cuba Maria Margarita Egana FernandezBorn 1921 12 14 14 December 1921Havana CubaDied17 August 1975 1975 08 17 aged 53 Santurce San Juan Puerto RicoNationalityCubanOther namesMargarita Egana Maria Margarita Egana de RaveloOccupationarchitectYears active1940 1968Known forModernism Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Death and legacy 4 Selected projects 5 Notes 6 References 6 1 Citations 6 2 BibliographyEarly life editMaria Margarita Egana Fernandez was born on 14 December 1921 in Havana Cuba 1 Notes 1 to Herminia Fernandez and Manuel Egana 2 She began her studies in architecture in 1940 at the University of Havana and received her degree in 1947 1 4 While she was in school she met fellow architecture student Javier Francisco Ravelo Meneses whom she would marry in Havana on 7 February 1948 Immediately the couple moved to Santiago de Cuba and registered with the Architects Association of the East AAE where Javier received license 31 and Margarita received license 32 1 5 Career editThe couple immediately began working for Ravelo s father Francisco Ravelo Repilado in his studio 1 Later they opened their own firm Estudio Egana Ravelo which they operated from the ground floor of a building Egana designed located in the neighborhood Ampliacion de Terrazas 155 4 Though the business was a joint endeavor Egana maintained her independence with a style of her own 4 6 During this time the couple had three daughters and Ravelo became president of the AAE Egana served as a delegate to the National Assembly of Cuba between 1953 and 1956 and was vocal about her political opinions This was simultaneously her most productive period as an architect 1 Egana typically worked on single family dwellings for middle to upper class clients Her work attempted to fuse the traditional Cuban style of Santiago which had been adapted to climatic constraints with modern functionality Her dwellings predominantly featured flat roofs atop banks of horizontally running glazed windows and utilized natural materials 4 to soften the industrial rigidity of the style and allow light and air to enter 1 Jointly with Revalo Egana built around seventy homes of which a few were located in the city center or neighborhoods of Santa Barbara or Raja Yoga but most were in the eastern part of the city Several planned urban communities like Ampliacion de Terrazas Fomento Terrazas de Vista Alegre and Vista Alegre expanded Santiago eastward and were the focus of the majority of Egana s works 1 4 These eastern suburban areas were built on a grid pattern unlike the traditional city and planned to utilize the water systems of San Juan and link the area to the village of El Caney Individual plots surrounded shared green spaces with a community pool and playground and visual barriers to the traffic on the main road arteries They were the first manifestations of the Modern Movement and buildings utilized new technology and a variety of styles but all were typically built using a skeleton structure with inverted and embedded beams and inclined reinforced concrete flat roofs with slight inclines on broken levels Egana s style was formal but functional integrating technology visual effects 7 In 1961 Egana and her daughters left Cuba for Puerto Rico 1 They settled in Rio Piedras 2 where they were joined in 1963 by Ravelo 1 She began being treated for cancer in 1968 2 Death and legacy editEgana died on 17 August 1975 at Doctor s Hospital of Santurce San Juan Puerto Rico after a lengthy battle with cancer She was buried the following day at Borinquen Memorial Cemetery in Caguas 2 Egana is remembered as one of the pioneering modernist architects of Cuba and one of the first generation of women architects to fully be allowed to participate in the field 4 6 Selected projects edit102 Aguilera at the corner Siboney Road in the neighborhood of Terrazas 1 119 Calle Anacaona at the corner with Taino in the neighborhood of Terrazas 1 207 Calle 11 between Marcane and Bravo Correoso streets in the neighborhood of Santa Barbara 1 209 Calle 4 in the neighborhood of Vista Alegre 8 307 Calle M between C and 5th streets in the neighborhood of Ampliacion de Terrazas 1 318 Calle I between the Avenue of the Americas and 6th streets in the neighborhood of Sueno 1 322 Calle I between the Avenue of the Americas and 6th streets in the neighborhood of Sueno 1 357 Calle M between 7th and 9th streets in the neighborhood of Ampliacion de Terrazas 1 358 Calle 17 between Raja Yoga and A street in the neighborhood of Raja Yoga 1 Notes edit Egana s death certificate gives her date of birth as 15 December 1922 however no informant of the information is listed 2 Lora s date was supplied by her husband and is given precedence 3 References editCitations edit a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Lora 2008 p 78 a b c d e Puerto Rican Death Records 1975 p 895 Lora 2008 p 81 a b c d e f Arias Laurino 2015 Arquitectura 1948 p 273 a b Rodriguez 2017 Soto Suarez amp Munoz Castillo 2005 Arquitectura 1949 p 52 Bibliography edit Arias Laurino Daniela 31 May 2015 Maria Margarita Egana Fernandez 1921 1975 Un Dia Una Arquitecta in Spanish Barcelona Spain Archived from the original on 1 June 2017 Retrieved 13 November 2017 Blog is an academic project of a group of international professors from Spanish speaking countries to recover the history of women architects a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint postscript link Lora Marta 2008 Ellas Iniciaron el Camino They Initiated the Path PDF Arquitectura y Urbanismo in Spanish XXIX 2 Havana Cuba Instituto Superior Politecnico Jose Antonio Echeverria 76 81 ISSN 0258 591X Archived from the original PDF on 13 November 2017 Retrieved 13 November 2017 Rodriguez Leticia 2017 Arquitectura santiaguera con nombre de mujer Architecture of Santiago with the names of women Cuban Heritage in Spanish Adventure Florida Archived from the original on 13 November 2017 Retrieved 13 November 2017 Soto Suarez Milene Munoz Castillo Maria Teresa March 2005 Vista Alegre una mirada a la modernidad en Santiago de Cuba Vista Alegre a look at modernity in Santiago de Cuba Arquitextos in Spanish 5 58 09 Sao Paulo Brazil Vitruvius ISSN 1809 6298 Archived from the original on 3 August 2016 Retrieved 13 November 2017 Notas de Interes Profesional Professional Notes of Interest Arquitectura in Spanish XVI 183 Havana Cuba Del Colegio Nacional de Arquitectos 273 October 1948 Retrieved 13 November 2017 Oriente East Arquitectura in Spanish XVII 186 Havana Cuba Del Colegio Nacional de Arquitectos 52 January 1949 Retrieved 13 November 2017 Puerto Rico Defunciones 1975 1976 Margarita Egana Fernandez FamilySearch San Juan Puerto Rico Oficinas del Ciudad 18 August 1975 FHL digital folder 4493563 Registration 64 Certificate 895 Retrieved 13 November 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Maria Margarita Egana Fernandez amp oldid 1158827698, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
