Manavs

Manavs (Turkish: Manavlar) or Manav Turks (Manav Türkleri) are a Turkic people living in northwest Anatolia, especially in Sakarya, Bilecik, Balıkesir, Bursa, Çanakkale, Kocaeli, Eskişehir, Bolu and Düzce provinces. Manav; which the Byzantine Empire placed as a buffer from the Balkans to Western Anatolia, refers to the people formed by the mixing of the Cuman, Uzes, Pechenegs with the Oghuz Turks.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}

Manavs

Manavlar
Traditional Manav clothes from Kandıra, Kocaeli
Total population
Turkey; East Marmara Region, Marmara Region, Aegean Region
Languages
Turkish Cuman language Old Anatolian Turkish (historical)
Religion
Sunni Islam (Hanafism)
Related ethnic groups
Turkic peoples

According to a thesis, "There were a considerable number of Pecheneg, Kipchak-Cuman and Uzes communities brought from the Balkans by the Byzantine Empire to protect Anatolia from the invasions from the East. According to Byzantine records, thousands of Turkish-speaking people lived in Anatolia before the Muslim Turks came to Anatolia. Accordingly, Manavs are the continuation of these Turks."^[7]

Origin

A group of Cuman-Kipchaks who headed to the Balkans as a result of the Mongol incursions into the Desht-i Qipchaq lands; it is known that he entered the service of the Latin and Nicaea Empires. The Nicea Empire used this Cuman group against the Seljuk and Mongol threat and settled it in their lands. It is thought that this Cuman-Kipchak group, which was settled in the territory of the Nicea Empire with the purpose of buffering against the threats from the East, interbred with the with the Oghuzs and formed the people called Manav.^{[1][2][3][4][5][8]}

Language

Manavs speak Turkish with a dialects bear traces of Kipchak and Oghuric to varying degrees, in relation to their origins.^{[9][10][4][11][12][13]}

References

1. Ayönü, Yusuf (August 2012). "Bati Anadolu'dakı Türk Yayilișina Karși Bızans İmparatorluğu'nun Kuman-Alan Topluluklarini Balkanlardan Anadolu'ya Nakletmesi" [The Transfer of Cumans and Alans from Balkans to Anatolia by Byzantine Empire against the Turkish Expansion in the Western Anatolia]. Belleten (in Turkish). Turkish Historical Society. 76 (276): 403–418. doi:10.37879/belleten.2012.403. S2CID 245309166. Retrieved October 12, 2022. DOI: English version
2. Yilmaz, Adil (2018). "Bızans'in Anadolu'ya Yerleştırdığı Son Türkler" [The Last Turks Settled in Anatolia by Byzantium]. Eski̇çağ Araştirmalari Dergi̇si̇ [Journal of Ancient Researches] (in Turkish) (3): 29–32.
3. "YALAKOVA'DAN YALOVA'YA Prof. Dr. Halil İnalcık Anısına Yalova Tarihi Araştırmaları" (PDF).
4. "Acar, Kenan (2010). Kuzeybatı Anadolu Manav Türkmen Ağızları Üzerine Birkaç Not" (PDF).
5. "Muharrem ÖÇALAN SAKARYA- İZMİT YÖRESİ YERLEŞİK TÜRKMENLERİ MANAV AĞIZLARINDA ÖTÜMSÜZ PATLAYICI ÜNSÜZ DEĞİŞMELERİ" (PDF).
6. "CİHAN YALVAR, ANADOLU'DA SON TÜRK İSKÂNI: İZNİK İMPARATORLUĞU'NDA KUMAN-KIPÇAKLAR VE YALOVA KAZIMİYE (YORTAN) İLE ELMALIK (SARUHANLI) KÖYLERİNDEKİ VARLIKLARI".
7. "BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TÜRK DİLİ VE EDEBİYATI ANABİLİM DALI BALIKESİR MERKEZ İLÇE MANAV KÖYLERİ HALK EDEBİYATI VE FOLKLOR DERLEMELERİ YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ KÜBRA İRKİL EROL" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
8. Acar, Kenan. "GAGAVUZ TÜRKÇESİ İLE KOCAELİ YERLİ (MANAV) AĞIZLARI ARASINDAKİ PARALELLİKLER, 2022, VI. Uluslararası Türklerin Dünyası Sosyal Bilimler Sempozyumu, PARALLELS BETWEEN GAGAVUZ TURKISH AND KOCAELİ NATİVE TURK (MANAV) DİALECTS, Kenan Acar, 2022, VI. International Turkish World Social Sciences Symposium".
9. "Tarihî Kıpçak Türkçesinden Çağdaş Karay Türkçesine: İsim Hâl Ekleri Bakımından Bir İnceleme" (PDF).
10. "TÜRKİYE TÜRKÇESİ AĞIZLARINDA ñ >y DEĞİŞMESİ Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, Dr. Himmet Biray (Özel Sayısı), Ankara 1999, pp. 99–105".
11. (PDF).
12. IV-XVIII. Yüzyıllarda Karadeniz Kuzeyindeki Türk Kavimleri ve Devletleri [IV-XVIII. Turkic Tribes and States in the North of the Black Sea in the IV-XVIII. Centuries], Akdes Nimet Kurat, Ankara, 1972, pp 83–84. (in Turkish).
13. (PDF).