Manāqib (Arabic مَناقِب, also transliterated manāḳib; singular مَنْقَبَ, manqaba/manḳaba) is a genre in Arabic, Turkish, and Persian literature, broadly encompassing "biographical works of a laudatory nature", "in which the merits, virtues and remarkable deeds of the individual concerned are given prominence" and particularly hagiographies (biographies of holy people). The principal goal of such works "is to offer to the reader a moral portrait and information on the noble actions of the individuals who constitute their subject or on the superior merits of a certain group".[1] Such texts are valuable sources for the socio-political and religious history of early and medieval Islam.[2][3]
The usage of the word manāqib has varied over time and from one author to another, which is reflected in medieval Arabic scholarship by diverse opinions about the word's etymological meaning. The main possible explanations are:[1]
The rootn-q-b, which is associated with the meaning “perforate, pierce”, in which case the idea behind the term manāqib is that it succeeds in penetrating the secrets of its subject's biography.
The verb naqaba means “walked, followed a narrow path”, so the term manāqib might derive from the idea that a biography is metaphorically a record of a person's journey through life: a similar development is apparent in the word sīra, which literally means "journey" but is the term for a genre of prophetic biographies.
Because the term manāqib came to be closely associated with Sufi saints, it later also came to mean "miracles".[1]
Like many genre terms, the term manāqib is not neatly defined, and the usage of the term overlaps with a wide range of other Arabic genre terms. Some are fairly neutral in tone: tarjama ("biography"), taʿrīf ("history"), akhbār (collections of historical traditions), sīra ("biographies of prophets"). Others are more expressive: faḍāʾil (“virtues”), maʾāt̲h̲ir and mafākhir (“exploits”), and akhlāq (apparently synonymous with manāqib).[1]
Subjectedit
The earliest texts labelled as manāqib have generally not survived, and their existence is known only from bibliographic lists made by medieval scholars.[1]
From the 4th A.H. / 10th A.D. century onwards, manāqib were produced focusing on biographies of the imams (madhāhib) who founded different schools of Islamic thought (madhhab) about shariʿa, primarily: Abū Ḥanīfa (d. ca. 150/767), al-Awzāʿī (d. 157/774), Mālik b. Anas (d. 178/795), al-S̲h̲āfiʿī (d. 204/820), and Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal (d. 241/855). These were intended to edify the communities associated with these schools of thought, encouraging people to emulate their founders' (supposed) virtues. The fashion extended to biographical dictionaries of the disciples of each school, and sometimes biographies of particular disciples, primarily: Ibn Taymiyya (d. 728/1328), Saḥnūn (d. 240/854), al-Ḳābisī (d. 403/1012), and Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān (d. 432 or 435/1040-3).[1]
From this time too, however, manāqib were increasingly produced in praise of people who achieved the status of saints in some varieties of Islam, distinguished particularly by their (supposed) miracles. This trend pertained particularly to the Maghrib, with key subjects of manāqib including: Abū Yazīd (d. 336/947), al-Rabīʿ ibn al-Qaṭṭān (d. 334/946), al-Mammasī (d. 333/944), al-Sabāʾī (d. 356/966), al-Jabanyānī (d. 369/979), and the patron saint of Tunis, Sīdī Maḥrez (d. 413/1022). The genre then spread to Arab Africa more generally, and onto the Turkic- and Persian-speaking worlds. Production of such texts declined around the seventeenth century CE.[1]
^ abcdefgCh. Pellat, “Manāḳib”, in Encyclopaedia of Islam, ed. by P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, and W.P. Heinrichs, 2nd edn, 12 vols (Leiden: Brill, 1960–2005), doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0660.
^Asma Afsaruddin, 'In Praise of the Caliphs: Re-Creating History from the Manaqib Literature', International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (1999), 329-50; JSTOR 176215.
^Asma Afsaruddin, 'Excellences Literature', in ''Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia'', ed. by Josef W. Meri, 2 vols (New York: Routledge, 2006), I 244-45.
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Daily Manaqib
April 11, 2024
manaqib, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, august, 2022, lear. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Manaqib news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Manaqib Arabic م ناق ب also transliterated manaḳib singular م ن ق ب manqaba manḳaba is a genre in Arabic Turkish and Persian literature broadly encompassing biographical works of a laudatory nature in which the merits virtues and remarkable deeds of the individual concerned are given prominence and particularly hagiographies biographies of holy people The principal goal of such works is to offer to the reader a moral portrait and information on the noble actions of the individuals who constitute their subject or on the superior merits of a certain group 1 Such texts are valuable sources for the socio political and religious history of early and medieval Islam 2 3 Contents 1 Etymology and usage 2 Subject 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksEtymology and usage editThe usage of the word manaqib has varied over time and from one author to another which is reflected in medieval Arabic scholarship by diverse opinions about the word s etymological meaning The main possible explanations are 1 The root n q b which is associated with the meaning perforate pierce in which case the idea behind the term manaqib is that it succeeds in penetrating the secrets of its subject s biography The verb naqaba means walked followed a narrow path so the term manaqib might derive from the idea that a biography is metaphorically a record of a person s journey through life a similar development is apparent in the word sira which literally means journey but is the term for a genre of prophetic biographies Because the term manaqib came to be closely associated with Sufi saints it later also came to mean miracles 1 Like many genre terms the term manaqib is not neatly defined and the usage of the term overlaps with a wide range of other Arabic genre terms Some are fairly neutral in tone tarjama biography taʿrif history akhbar collections of historical traditions sira biographies of prophets Others are more expressive faḍaʾil virtues maʾat h ir and mafakhir exploits and akhlaq apparently synonymous with manaqib 1 Subject editThe earliest texts labelled as manaqib have generally not survived and their existence is known only from bibliographic lists made by medieval scholars 1 From the 4th A H 10th A D century onwards manaqib were produced focusing on biographies of the imams madhahib who founded different schools of Islamic thought madhhab about shariʿa primarily Abu Ḥanifa d ca 150 767 al Awzaʿi d 157 774 Malik b Anas d 178 795 al S h afiʿi d 204 820 and Aḥmad b Ḥanbal d 241 855 These were intended to edify the communities associated with these schools of thought encouraging people to emulate their founders supposed virtues The fashion extended to biographical dictionaries of the disciples of each school and sometimes biographies of particular disciples primarily Ibn Taymiyya d 728 1328 Saḥnun d 240 854 al Ḳabisi d 403 1012 and Abu Bakr Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al Raḥman d 432 or 435 1040 3 1 From this time too however manaqib were increasingly produced in praise of people who achieved the status of saints in some varieties of Islam distinguished particularly by their supposed miracles This trend pertained particularly to the Maghrib with key subjects of manaqib including Abu Yazid d 336 947 al Rabiʿ ibn al Qaṭṭan d 334 946 al Mammasi d 333 944 al Sabaʾi d 356 966 al Jabanyani d 369 979 and the patron saint of Tunis Sidi Maḥrez d 413 1022 The genre then spread to Arab Africa more generally and onto the Turkic and Persian speaking worlds Production of such texts declined around the seventeenth century CE 1 See also editProphetic biography Manaqib Of Ale Abi Talib Al Saqib Fi al ManaqibReferences edit a b c d e f g Ch Pellat Manaḳib in Encyclopaedia of Islam ed by P Bearman Th Bianquis C E Bosworth E van Donzel and W P Heinrichs 2nd edn 12 vols Leiden Brill 1960 2005 doi 10 1163 1573 3912 islam COM 0660 Asma Afsaruddin In Praise of the Caliphs Re Creating History from the Manaqib Literature International Journal of Middle East Studies 31 1999 329 50 JSTOR 176215 Asma Afsaruddin Excellences Literature in Medieval Islamic Civilization An Encyclopedia ed by Josef W Meri 2 vols New York Routledge 2006 I 244 45 External links editDaily Manaqib Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Manaqib amp oldid 1167020397, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
