Lycopodium clavatum (common club moss,[3][4]stag's-horn clubmoss,[5]running clubmoss,[6] or ground pine[7]) is the most widespread species in the genusLycopodium in the clubmoss family.
Lycopodium clavatum is a spore-bearing vascular plant, growing mainly prostrate along the ground with stems up to 1 m (39 in) long; the stems are much branched, and densely clothed with small, spirally arranged microphyllleaves. The leaves are 3–5 mm long and 0.7–1 mm broad, tapered to a fine hair-like white point. The branches bearing strobili or spore cones turn erect, reaching 5–15 cm (2.0–5.9 in) above ground, and their leaves are modified as sporophylls that enclose the spore capsules or sporangia. The spore cones are yellow-green, 2–3 cm (0.79–1.18 in) long, and 5 mm (0.20 in) broad. The horizontal stems produce roots at frequent intervals along their length, allowing the stem to grow indefinitely along the ground. The stems superficially resemble small seedlings of coniferous trees, though it is not related to these.
Lycopodium clavatum has a widespread distribution across several continents.[8][9][10][11][12][13] There are distinct subspecies and varieties in different parts of its range:
Although globally widespread, like many clubmosses, it is confined to undisturbed sites, disappearing from farmed areas and sites with regular burning. As a result, it is endangered in many areas. In the UK it is one of 101 species named as a high priority for conservation by the wild plant charity Plantlife.
Other common names
Common names for this species include wolf's-foot clubmoss, common clubmoss, wolf-paw clubmoss, running ground-pine, running pine,[7]running moss, princess pine, and others.
Use
The spores of this moss, "lycopodium powder", are explosive if present in high density air. They were used as flash powder in early photography and magic acts.
^USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Lycopodium clavatum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
^ abBailey, L.H.; Bailey, E.Z.; the staff of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third: A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada. Macmillan, New York.
^"Lycopodium clavatum in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2019-05-29.
^"Lycopodium clavatum in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2019-05-29.
^Altervista Flora Italiana, Lycopodium clavatum L. includes photos and European distribution map
^Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. (eds.) 2014. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis
^Mickel, J. T. & J. M. Beitel. 1988. Pteridophyte Flora of Oaxaca, Mexico. Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden 46: 1–568
^Gibbs Russell, G. E., W. G. M. Welman, E. Retief, K. L. Immelman, G. Germishuizen, B. J. Pienaar, M. Van Wyk & A. Nicholas. 1987. List of species of southern African plants. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa 2(1–2): 1–152(pt. 1), 1–270(pt. 2).
Lycopodium clavatum, running ground pine, Flora, fauna, earth, and sky...The natural history of the northwoods
Jepson Manual Treatment, University of California
Calphotos Photo gallery, University of California
photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Dominican Republic in 1967
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lycopodium clavatum.
December 05, 2023
lycopodium, clavatum, common, club, moss, stag, horn, clubmoss, running, clubmoss, ground, pine, most, widespread, species, genus, lycopodium, clubmoss, family, conservation, statussecure, natureserve, scientific, classificationkingdom, plantaeclade, tracheoph. Lycopodium clavatum common club moss 3 4 stag s horn clubmoss 5 running clubmoss 6 or ground pine 7 is the most widespread species in the genus Lycopodium in the clubmoss family Lycopodium clavatumConservation statusSecure NatureServe Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade LycophytesClass LycopodiopsidaOrder LycopodialesFamily LycopodiaceaeGenus LycopodiumSpecies L clavatumBinomial nameLycopodium clavatumL Synonyms 1 2 Synonymy Lepidotis ciliata P Beauv Lepidotis clavata L P Beauv Lepidotis inflexa P Beauv Lycopodium aristatum Humb amp Bonpl ex Willd Lycopodium ciliatum P Beauv Sw Lycopodium eriostachys FeeLycopodium inflexum P Beauv Sw Lycopodium piliferum RaddiLycopodium preslii Grev amp Hook Lycopodium trichiatum BoryLycopodium trichophyllum Desv Lycopodium contiguum KlotzschCopodium oxynemum Raf Lycopodium divaricatum Wall ex Hook amp Grev Lycopodium kinabaluense ChingLycopodium serpens C Presl 1825 not Desv ex Poir 1814Lycopodium tamariscispica CesatiLycopodium torridum Gaudich Urostachys plutonis HerterLycopodium trichophyes SprengelLycopodium mayoris Rosenstock Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 References 4 External linksDescription editLycopodium clavatum is a spore bearing vascular plant growing mainly prostrate along the ground with stems up to 1 m 39 in long the stems are much branched and densely clothed with small spirally arranged microphyll leaves The leaves are 3 5 mm long and 0 7 1 mm broad tapered to a fine hair like white point The branches bearing strobili or spore cones turn erect reaching 5 15 cm 2 0 5 9 in above ground and their leaves are modified as sporophylls that enclose the spore capsules or sporangia The spore cones are yellow green 2 3 cm 0 79 1 18 in long and 5 mm 0 20 in broad The horizontal stems produce roots at frequent intervals along their length allowing the stem to grow indefinitely along the ground The stems superficially resemble small seedlings of coniferous trees though it is not related to these nbsp Close up of strobiliDistribution editLycopodium clavatum has a widespread distribution across several continents 8 9 10 11 12 13 There are distinct subspecies and varieties in different parts of its range Lycopodium clavatum subsp clavatum Lycopodium clavatum subsp clavatum var clavatum Europe Asia North America Lycopodium clavatum subsp clavatum var aristatum Mexico Caribbean Central America northern South America south to northern Argentina Lycopodium clavatum subsp clavatum var asiaticum Japan northeast China Lycopodium clavatum subsp clavatum var borbonicum central and southern Africa Lycopodium clavatum subsp clavatum var kiboanum mountains of tropical Africa Lycopodium clavatum subsp contiguum southern Central America northern South America syn Lycopodium contiguum Although globally widespread like many clubmosses it is confined to undisturbed sites disappearing from farmed areas and sites with regular burning As a result it is endangered in many areas In the UK it is one of 101 species named as a high priority for conservation by the wild plant charity Plantlife Other common namesCommon names for this species include wolf s foot clubmoss common clubmoss wolf paw clubmoss running ground pine running pine 7 running moss princess pine and others UseThe spores of this moss lycopodium powder are explosive if present in high density air They were used as flash powder in early photography and magic acts Active constituentsBioactive secondary metabolites in clubmosses include triterpenoids with acetylcholinesterase inhibitor activity isolated from this species 14 nbsp L clavatum ssp clavatum var clavatum with strobili nbsp L clavatum with strobiliReferences edit The Plant List Lycopodium clavatum L Family Lycopodiaceae genus Lycopodium world species list Archived from the original on 2009 02 27 Retrieved 2015 07 27 Lycopodium clavatum common clubmoss running clubmoss Go Botany gobotany nativeplanttrust org Retrieved 2019 05 29 Licopodio Lycopodium clavatum Common club moss Philippine herbal medicines Stuartxchange www stuartxchange org Retrieved 2019 05 29 BSBI List 2007 xls Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland Archived from the original xls on 2015 06 26 Retrieved 2014 10 17 USDA NRCS n d Lycopodium clavatum The PLANTS Database plants usda gov Greensboro North Carolina National Plant Data Team Retrieved 26 July 2016 a b Bailey L H Bailey E Z the staff of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium 1976 Hortus third A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada Macmillan New York Lycopodium clavatum in Flora of North America efloras org www efloras org Retrieved 2019 05 29 Lycopodium clavatum in Flora of China efloras org www efloras org Retrieved 2019 05 29 Altervista Flora Italiana Lycopodium clavatum L includes photos and European distribution map Jorgensen P M M H Nee amp S G Beck eds 2014 Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127 1 2 i viii 1 1744 Missouri Botanical Garden Press St Louis Mickel J T amp J M Beitel 1988 Pteridophyte Flora of Oaxaca Mexico Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden 46 1 568 Gibbs Russell G E W G M Welman E Retief K L Immelman G Germishuizen B J Pienaar M Van Wyk amp A Nicholas 1987 List of species of southern African plants Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa 2 1 2 1 152 pt 1 1 270 pt 2 Rollinger JM Ewelt J Seger C Sturm S Ellmerer EP Stuppner H 2005 Planta Med 71 11 1040 3 PMID 16320206External links editLycopodium clavatum running ground pine Flora fauna earth and sky The natural history of the northwoods Bioimagesphotos Jepson Manual Treatment University of California Calphotos Photo gallery University of California photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden collected in Dominican Republic in 1967 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lycopodium clavatum Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lycopodium clavatum amp oldid 1160268857, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
