The Lublin Castle (Polish: Zamek Lubelski) is a medieval castle in Lublin, Poland, adjacent to the Old Town district and close to the city center. It is one of the oldest preserved royal residencies in Poland, initially established by High Duke Casimir II the Just.[2] Its contemporary Gothic Revival appearance is largely due to a reconstruction undertaken in the 19th century.
The hill it is on was first fortified with a wood-reinforced earthen wall in the 12th century. In the first half of the 13th century, the stone keep was built. It still survives[2] and is the tallest building of the castle, as well as the oldest standing building in the city. In the 14th century, during the reign of Casimir III the Great, the castle was rebuilt with stone walls. Probably at the same time, the castle's Chapel of the Holy Trinity was built as a royal chapel.[2]
In the first decades of the 15th century, King Władysław II Jagiełło commissioned a set of frescoes for the chapel. They were completed in 1418 and are preserved to this day.[3] The artist was a Ruthenian, Master Andrej, who signed his work on one of the walls.[3] Because of their unique style, mixing Western and Eastern Orthodox influences, they are acclaimed internationally as an important historical monument.[2]
Under the rule of the Jagiellon dynasty the castle enjoyed royal favor and frequent stays by members of the royal family. The sons of King Casimir IV Jagiellon were brought up in the castle under the tutelage of Jan Długosz.[4] In the 16th century, it was rebuilt on a grandiose scale, under the direction of Italian masters brought from Kraków. The most momentous event in the castle's history was the signing in 1569 of the Union of Lublin, the founding act of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
As a consequence of the wars in the 17th century (The Deluge), the castle fell into disrepair.[2] Only the oldest sections, the keep and the chapel, remained intact. After Lublin fell under Russian rule following the territorial settlement of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the government of Congress Poland, on the initiative of Stanisław Staszic, carried out a complete reconstruction of the castle between 1826 and 1828.[2] The new buildings were in the English neo-Gothic style, completely different from the structures they replaced, and their new purpose was to house a criminal prison.[2] Only the keep and the chapel were preserved in their original state.
The castle was a prison for the next 128 years: as a Tsarist prison from 1831 to 1915, in independent Poland from 1918 to 1939, and most infamously during the Nazi German occupation from 1939 to 1944. Under Tsarist Russia prisoners included Polish resistance members, one of the most notable being writer Bolesław Prus.[4] When between 40,000 and 80,000 inmates, many of them Polish resistance fighters and Jews, passed through.[5] During World War II, the Castle Chapel was the location of a German court.[6] Many prisoners were sent from the castle to concentration camps, including nearby Majdanek.[6] Just before withdrawing on 22 July 1944, the German prison officers and SS massacred over remaining 300 prisoners.[2][6] After 1944, the castle continued as a prison of the Soviet secret police and later of the Soviet-installed communist regime of Poland and, until 1954, about 35,000 Poles fighting against the new communist government (especially cursed soldiers) passed through it, of whom 333 died.[2]
In 1954, the castle prison was closed. Following reconstruction and refurbishment, since 1957 it has been the main site of the National Museum.
Galleryedit
View of the castle in 1826
Main entrance gate of the neo-gothic part of the building
The keep and the Holy Trinity Chapel seen from the castle's courtyard
^Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 25 kwietnia 2007 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Lublin - historyczny zespół architektoniczno-urbanistyczny", Dz. U. z 2007 r. Nr 86, poz. 574
^ abcdefghi(in English) . eng.zamek.lublin.pl. Archived from the original on 2011-08-15. Retrieved 2010-09-15.
^ abTomasz Torbus (1999). Poland. Hunter Publishing, Inc. p. 86. ISBN3-88618-088-3.
^ abŚladami Unii Lubelskiej. Spacer po Lublinie (in Polish). Lublin. 2010. p. 30.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Joseph Poprzeczny (2004). Odilo Globocnik, Hitler's man in the East. McFarland. p. 230. ISBN0-7864-1625-4.
^ abcŚladami Unii Lubelskiej. Spacer po Lublinie, p. 32
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lublin Castle.
Lublin Castle and National Museum of Lublin webpage
January 01, 1970
lublin, castle, polish, zamek, lubelski, medieval, castle, lublin, poland, adjacent, town, district, close, city, center, oldest, preserved, royal, residencies, poland, initially, established, high, duke, casimir, just, contemporary, gothic, revival, appearanc. The Lublin Castle Polish Zamek Lubelski is a medieval castle in Lublin Poland adjacent to the Old Town district and close to the city center It is one of the oldest preserved royal residencies in Poland initially established by High Duke Casimir II the Just 2 Its contemporary Gothic Revival appearance is largely due to a reconstruction undertaken in the 19th century Lublin Royal CastleZamek Lubelski in Polish Lublin CastleLocation within the city of LublinGeneral informationArchitectural stylePolish Gothic Gothic RevivalTown or cityLublinCountryPolandCoordinates51 15 02 N 22 34 20 E 51 25056 N 22 57222 E 51 25056 22 57222Construction started12th centuryDemolished1655 1657 rebuilt 1826 1828 as prisonClientCasimir II the JustHistoric Monument of PolandDesignated2007 04 25Part ofLublin historic architectural and urban ensembleReference no Dz U z 2007 r Nr 86 poz 574 1 Contents 1 History 2 Gallery 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory editThe hill it is on was first fortified with a wood reinforced earthen wall in the 12th century In the first half of the 13th century the stone keep was built It still survives 2 and is the tallest building of the castle as well as the oldest standing building in the city In the 14th century during the reign of Casimir III the Great the castle was rebuilt with stone walls Probably at the same time the castle s Chapel of the Holy Trinity was built as a royal chapel 2 In the first decades of the 15th century King Wladyslaw II Jagiello commissioned a set of frescoes for the chapel They were completed in 1418 and are preserved to this day 3 The artist was a Ruthenian Master Andrej who signed his work on one of the walls 3 Because of their unique style mixing Western and Eastern Orthodox influences they are acclaimed internationally as an important historical monument 2 nbsp Wladyslaw II Jagiello kneeling before the Blessed Virgin Mary Detail of a fresco in the Gothic Holy Trinity Chapel 1418 Under the rule of the Jagiellon dynasty the castle enjoyed royal favor and frequent stays by members of the royal family The sons of King Casimir IV Jagiellon were brought up in the castle under the tutelage of Jan Dlugosz 4 In the 16th century it was rebuilt on a grandiose scale under the direction of Italian masters brought from Krakow The most momentous event in the castle s history was the signing in 1569 of the Union of Lublin the founding act of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth As a consequence of the wars in the 17th century The Deluge the castle fell into disrepair 2 Only the oldest sections the keep and the chapel remained intact After Lublin fell under Russian rule following the territorial settlement of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 the government of Congress Poland on the initiative of Stanislaw Staszic carried out a complete reconstruction of the castle between 1826 and 1828 2 The new buildings were in the English neo Gothic style completely different from the structures they replaced and their new purpose was to house a criminal prison 2 Only the keep and the chapel were preserved in their original state The castle was a prison for the next 128 years as a Tsarist prison from 1831 to 1915 in independent Poland from 1918 to 1939 and most infamously during the Nazi German occupation from 1939 to 1944 Under Tsarist Russia prisoners included Polish resistance members one of the most notable being writer Boleslaw Prus 4 When between 40 000 and 80 000 inmates many of them Polish resistance fighters and Jews passed through 5 During World War II the Castle Chapel was the location of a German court 6 Many prisoners were sent from the castle to concentration camps including nearby Majdanek 6 Just before withdrawing on 22 July 1944 the German prison officers and SS massacred over remaining 300 prisoners 2 6 After 1944 the castle continued as a prison of the Soviet secret police and later of the Soviet installed communist regime of Poland and until 1954 about 35 000 Poles fighting against the new communist government especially cursed soldiers passed through it of whom 333 died 2 In 1954 the castle prison was closed Following reconstruction and refurbishment since 1957 it has been the main site of the National Museum Gallery edit nbsp View of the castle in 1826 nbsp Main entrance gate of the neo gothic part of the building nbsp The keep and the Holy Trinity Chapel seen from the castle s courtyard nbsp Courtyard of the castleSee also editCastles in PolandReferences edit Rozporzadzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 25 kwietnia 2007 r w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii Lublin historyczny zespol architektoniczno urbanistyczny Dz U z 2007 r Nr 86 poz 574 a b c d e f g h i in English A Brief History of Lublin Castle eng zamek lublin pl Archived from the original on 2011 08 15 Retrieved 2010 09 15 a b Tomasz Torbus 1999 Poland Hunter Publishing Inc p 86 ISBN 3 88618 088 3 a b Sladami Unii Lubelskiej Spacer po Lublinie in Polish Lublin 2010 p 30 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Joseph Poprzeczny 2004 Odilo Globocnik Hitler s man in the East McFarland p 230 ISBN 0 7864 1625 4 a b c Sladami Unii Lubelskiej Spacer po Lublinie p 32External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lublin Castle Lublin Castle and National Museum of Lublin webpage Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lublin Castle amp oldid 1219713523, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
