Louisa Margaret Dunkley (28 May 1866 – 10 March 1927) was an Australian telegraphist and labor organiser who successfully campaigned for the right for women to obtain equal pay for equal work in the Australian commonwealth public service.
Louisa Margaret Dunkley was born in Richmond, Melbourne, Australia. She was the daughter of William James Dunkley, a boot importer, and Mary Ann Regan, both from London, England. She was educated at Catholic girls schools.[1]
CareerEdit
She began to work for the Postmaster-General's Department in 1882. She studied telegraphy, passing the Public Service Examination on 11 June 1887[2] and went on to become an operator in 1888, working in the Melbourne metropolitan post and telegraph offices. In 1890 she qualified as a telegraphist and was promoted to a position in the Chief Telegraph Office. While working as a telegraphist in the early 1890s, she became aware of the unequal pay and working conditions of the female operators. Learning of efforts by women telegraphists in New South Wales to achieve equality in pay and status, she formed a committee to advocate for similar improvements in the Post and Telegraph Department of Victoria. While her efforts resulted in pay increases for the women operators, they did not achieve equality with the male operators, and the resulting controversy resulted in her being transferred to a remote post office.
In 1900, Dunkley and other operators established the Victorian Women's Post and Telegraph Association in order to advocate for equal pay and working conditions. Mrs. Webb, a postmistress, was elected president, and Dunkley was elected vice president and spokesperson (1900–1904). She was elected as a delegate to a conference of telegraphists in Sydney in October 1900, and there presented her case for equality under the new Commonwealth Public Service conditions.
While some at the conference opposed her, she was able to secure the support of Parliament, and, as a result, a provision for equal pay for female telegraphists and postmistresses was included in the Commonwealth Public Service Act of 1902. The Victorian Women's Post and Telegraph Association continued to exist within the Australian Commonwealth Post and Telegraph Association, first as a state association and then a state branch of the federal body, until 1920.[3]
Newspaper clipping of the marriage notice for Edward Kraegen and Louisa Dunkley
Personal life and recognitionEdit
On 23 December 1903, Dunkley married Edward Charles Kraegen, in Oakleigh, Victoria[4] secretary of the New South Wales and Commonwealth Post and Telegraph associations (1885–1904), and left the Post and Telegraph service. Edward Kraegen was the son of Carl Wilhelm Kraegen, who also worked in the postal and telegraph service, including serving as the first station master at the Overland Telegraph Line Repeater Station at the Peake, in South Australia.[5] The couple had a daughter born in 1904, and a son born in 1906.
Louisa Margaret Dunkley Kraegen died of cancer that was not identified, on 10 March 1927 in Longueville, Sydney, and is buried in Northern Suburbs Cemetery.[1] The Victorian federal electorate of Dunkley is named after her,[6][7] as is Dunkley Place in the Canberra suburb of Spence.[8]
ReferencesEdit
^ abBaker, J. S. "Dunkley, Louisa Margaret (1866–1927)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 19 January 2019 – via Australian Dictionary of Biography.
^"PUBLIC SERVICE EXAMINATIONS". The Ballarat Star. Vol. XXXII, no. 176. Victoria, Australia. 28 July 1887. p. 4. Retrieved 27 April 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
^Melbourne, National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of. "Victorian Women's Post and Telegraph Association - Organisation - The Australian Women's Register". www.womenaustralia.info. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
^"Family Notices". The Daily News. Vol. XXIII, no. 9003. Western Australia. 18 March 1904. p. 6. Retrieved 27 April 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
^"Victoria may get seven new seats in Representatives". The Canberra Times. Vol. 58, no. 17, 839. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 1 August 1984. p. 17. Retrieved 27 April 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
^corporateName=Australian Electoral Commission; address=50 Marcus Clarke Street, Canberra ACT 2600; contact=13 23 26. "Profile of the electoral division of Dunkley (Vic)". Australian Electoral Commission. Retrieved 19 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^"National Memorial Ordinance 1928 Determination of Nomenclature Australian Capital Territory National Memorials Ordinance 1928 Determination of Nomenclature". Commonwealth of Australia Gazette. Periodic (National : 1977–2011). 31 August 1988. p. 1. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
Further readingEdit
"Louisa Margaret Dunkley". The Australian Women's Register. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Baker, J. S. Communicators and Their First Trade Unions (Sydney, 1980); Men, Machines, History: The History of the Early Telegraph and Post Office Associations of Australia (State Library of New South Wales).
Frances, Raelene. Authentic Leaders: Women and Leadership in Australian Unions before World War II, Labour History, No. 104 (May 2013), pp. 9–30, Published by: Australian Society for the Study of Labour History, Inc. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5263/labourhistory.104.0009 Accessed: 17-12-2017 01:15 UTC
August 28, 2023
louisa, margaret, dunkley, 1866, march, 1927, australian, telegraphist, labor, organiser, successfully, campaigned, right, women, obtain, equal, equal, work, australian, commonwealth, public, service, bornrichmond, melbourne, australiadiedmarch, 1927, 1927, ag. Louisa Margaret Dunkley 28 May 1866 10 March 1927 was an Australian telegraphist and labor organiser who successfully campaigned for the right for women to obtain equal pay for equal work in the Australian commonwealth public service Louisa Margaret DunkleyBornRichmond Melbourne AustraliaDiedMarch 10 1927 1927 03 10 aged 60 Longueville New South WalesNationalityAustralianOccupation s Telegraphist women s rights activistOrganizationVictorian Women s Post and Telegraph Association Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 3 Personal life and recognition 4 References 5 Further readingEarly life and education EditLouisa Margaret Dunkley was born in Richmond Melbourne Australia She was the daughter of William James Dunkley a boot importer and Mary Ann Regan both from London England She was educated at Catholic girls schools 1 Career EditShe began to work for the Postmaster General s Department in 1882 She studied telegraphy passing the Public Service Examination on 11 June 1887 2 and went on to become an operator in 1888 working in the Melbourne metropolitan post and telegraph offices In 1890 she qualified as a telegraphist and was promoted to a position in the Chief Telegraph Office While working as a telegraphist in the early 1890s she became aware of the unequal pay and working conditions of the female operators Learning of efforts by women telegraphists in New South Wales to achieve equality in pay and status she formed a committee to advocate for similar improvements in the Post and Telegraph Department of Victoria While her efforts resulted in pay increases for the women operators they did not achieve equality with the male operators and the resulting controversy resulted in her being transferred to a remote post office In 1900 Dunkley and other operators established the Victorian Women s Post and Telegraph Association in order to advocate for equal pay and working conditions Mrs Webb a postmistress was elected president and Dunkley was elected vice president and spokesperson 1900 1904 She was elected as a delegate to a conference of telegraphists in Sydney in October 1900 and there presented her case for equality under the new Commonwealth Public Service conditions While some at the conference opposed her she was able to secure the support of Parliament and as a result a provision for equal pay for female telegraphists and postmistresses was included in the Commonwealth Public Service Act of 1902 The Victorian Women s Post and Telegraph Association continued to exist within the Australian Commonwealth Post and Telegraph Association first as a state association and then a state branch of the federal body until 1920 3 Newspaper clipping of the marriage notice for Edward Kraegen and Louisa DunkleyPersonal life and recognition EditOn 23 December 1903 Dunkley married Edward Charles Kraegen in Oakleigh Victoria 4 secretary of the New South Wales and Commonwealth Post and Telegraph associations 1885 1904 and left the Post and Telegraph service Edward Kraegen was the son of Carl Wilhelm Kraegen who also worked in the postal and telegraph service including serving as the first station master at the Overland Telegraph Line Repeater Station at the Peake in South Australia 5 The couple had a daughter born in 1904 and a son born in 1906 Louisa Margaret Dunkley Kraegen died of cancer that was not identified on 10 March 1927 in Longueville Sydney and is buried in Northern Suburbs Cemetery 1 The Victorian federal electorate of Dunkley is named after her 6 7 as is Dunkley Place in the Canberra suburb of Spence 8 References Edit a b Baker J S Dunkley Louisa Margaret 1866 1927 Australian Dictionary of Biography National Centre of Biography Australian National University Retrieved 19 January 2019 via Australian Dictionary of Biography PUBLIC SERVICE EXAMINATIONS The Ballarat Star Vol XXXII no 176 Victoria Australia 28 July 1887 p 4 Retrieved 27 April 2016 via National Library of Australia Melbourne National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Victorian Women s Post and Telegraph Association Organisation The Australian Women s Register www womenaustralia info Retrieved 19 January 2019 Family Notices The Daily News Vol XXIII no 9003 Western Australia 18 March 1904 p 6 Retrieved 27 April 2016 via National Library of Australia Carl Kraegen a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link Victoria may get seven new seats in Representatives The Canberra Times Vol 58 no 17 839 Australian Capital Territory Australia 1 August 1984 p 17 Retrieved 27 April 2016 via National Library of Australia corporateName Australian Electoral Commission address 50 Marcus Clarke Street Canberra ACT 2600 contact 13 23 26 Profile of the electoral division of Dunkley Vic Australian Electoral Commission Retrieved 19 January 2019 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link National Memorial Ordinance 1928 Determination of Nomenclature Australian Capital Territory National Memorials Ordinance 1928 Determination of Nomenclature Commonwealth of Australia Gazette Periodic National 1977 2011 31 August 1988 p 1 Retrieved 20 May 2019 Further reading Edit Louisa Margaret Dunkley The Australian Women s Register Retrieved 4 March 2011 Baker J S Communicators and Their First Trade Unions Sydney 1980 Men Machines History The History of the Early Telegraph and Post Office Associations of Australia State Library of New South Wales Stevens Joyce Women Politics and Equal Pay The Hummer Vol 2 No 9 Sydney 1997 http asslh org au hummer vol 2 no 9 women politics Frances Raelene Authentic Leaders Women and Leadership in Australian Unions before World War II Labour History No 104 May 2013 pp 9 30 Published by Australian Society for the Study of Labour History Inc Stable URL https www jstor org stable 10 5263 labourhistory 104 0009 Accessed 17 12 2017 01 15 UTC Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Louisa Margaret Dunkley amp oldid 1162827480, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
