List of World War II prisoner-of-war camps in Canada
August 25, 2023
There were 40 known prisoner-of-war camps across Canada during World War II, although this number also includes internment camps that held Canadians of German and Japanese descent.[1] Several reliable sources indicate that there were only 25 or 26 camps holding exclusively prisoners from foreign countries, nearly all from Germany.[2][3][4]
The camps were identified by letters at first, then by numbers.[5] In addition to the main camps there were branch camps and labour camps. The prisoners were given various tasks; many worked in the forests as logging crews or on nearby farms; they were paid a nominal amount for their labour. Approximately 11,000 were thus employed by 1945.[3]
The largest number of military prisoners of war was recorded as 33,798 by several sources.[6][7][8] In addition to POWs, some civilian internees were held in the camps and some estimates include such prisoners.[7][9]
All POWs were protected by the conditions of the Geneva Convention. There are claims that conditions in the Canadian camps tended to be better than average, and many times better than the conditions of the barracks that Canadian troops were kept in.[2] They were guarded by the Veterans Guard of Canada, mostly men who had been soldiers during WW I.[7] It is believed by some that the lenient treatment foiled many escape attempts before they even started. It is told that a group of German prisoners returned to Ozada camp after escaping because of encountering a grizzly bear.[10] Starting in 1945, all POWs were released and returned to their home countries.[7] None were allowed to remain in Canada, but some later returned as immigrants.[3]
^"Little left of PoW camps that dotted northern Ontario 70 years ago | Toronto Sun". 30 August 2012.
^Tremblay, Robert, Bibliothèque et Archives Canada, et al. "Histoires oubliées – Interprogrammes : Des prisonniers spéciaux" Interlude. Aired: 20 July 2008, 14h47 to 15h00.
^August 30, Jon Thompson More from Jon Thompson Published on; August 31, 2012 | Last Updated; Edt, 2012 11:31 Am (30 August 2012). "Little left of PoW camps that dotted northern Ontario 70 years ago".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ abcd"WarMuseum.ca - Democracy at War - Axis Prisoners in Canada - Canada and the War". www.warmuseum.ca.
^Dodson, Timothy; Myers, A. "Prisoners of War and Dreams of Freedom: Dugout Canoes at a Second World War Work Camp in Manitoba, Canada" – via www.academia.edu. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^"Homefront in Alberta - Alberta and the Keeping of German Prisoners of War, 1939-1947". wayback.archive-it.org. Archived from the original on 8 December 2010.
^"Camp 40 (Camp A) – Farnham, Quebec". Michael O'Hagan. 2 December 2016. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
^Lapointe, Vicky (16 August 2012). "Photos: le camp d'internement no 42 (camp Newington), Sherbrooke 1944-1945". Patrimoine, Histoire et Multimédia (in French). Retrieved 28 May 2021.
External linksEdit
August 25, 2023
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There were 40 known prisoner of war camps across Canada during World War II although this number also includes internment camps that held Canadians of German and Japanese descent 1 Several reliable sources indicate that there were only 25 or 26 camps holding exclusively prisoners from foreign countries nearly all from Germany 2 3 4 The camps were identified by letters at first then by numbers 5 In addition to the main camps there were branch camps and labour camps The prisoners were given various tasks many worked in the forests as logging crews or on nearby farms they were paid a nominal amount for their labour Approximately 11 000 were thus employed by 1945 3 The largest number of military prisoners of war was recorded as 33 798 by several sources 6 7 8 In addition to POWs some civilian internees were held in the camps and some estimates include such prisoners 7 9 All POWs were protected by the conditions of the Geneva Convention There are claims that conditions in the Canadian camps tended to be better than average and many times better than the conditions of the barracks that Canadian troops were kept in 2 They were guarded by the Veterans Guard of Canada mostly men who had been soldiers during WW I 7 It is believed by some that the lenient treatment foiled many escape attempts before they even started It is told that a group of German prisoners returned to Ozada camp after escaping because of encountering a grizzly bear 10 Starting in 1945 all POWs were released and returned to their home countries 7 None were allowed to remain in Canada but some later returned as immigrants 3 Camp Place Province Relative Location Specific Location Period10 Chatham Ontario 260 km southwest of Toronto 19441945 194610 Fingal Ontario 40 km south of London 1945 194620 C Gravenhurst Ontario 170 km north of Toronto 1940 194621 F Espanola Ontario 330 km NNW of Toronto 1940 194322 M Mimico Ontario 15 km west of Toronto 1940 194423 Q Monteith near Iroquois Falls Ontario 700 km north of Toronto 1940 194630 Bowmanville Ontario 65 km ENE of Toronto 1941 194531 F Kingston Ontario 145 km SSW of Ottawa 1940 194332 H Hull Quebec 10 km north of Ottawa 1941 194733 F Petawawa Ontario 130 km WNW of Ottawa 1942 194640 A Farnham Quebec 50 km ESE of Montreal 825 Rue Principale O Farnham QC 11 1940 19411942 19431944 194642 N Newington Sherbrooke Quebec 130 km east of Montreal 990 Rue Bowen S Sherbrooke QC 12 1942 194643 Ile Ste Helene Montreal Quebec 1940 194344 Feller College Grande Ligne Quebec 56 km southeast of Montreal 1943 194645 Sorel Quebec 65 km NNE of Montreal 1945 194670 B Fredericton Ripples New Brunswick 20 km east of Fredericton 1941 1945100 W Neys Ontario 1100 km northwest of Toronto 1944 19431944 1946101 X Angler Ontario 800 km northwest of Toronto 1941 1946130 Seebe Alberta 100 km west of Calgary 1939 1946132 Medicine Hat Alberta 260 km ESE of Calgary 2055 21 Ave SE Medicine Hat AB 1943 1945133 Ozada Alberta 130 km west of Calgary 1942133 Lethbridge Alberta 160 km southeast of Calgary 1942 1946 Chisholm Alberta 180 km N of Edmonton 135 Wainwright Alberta 190 km ESE of Edmonton 1945 1946 R Red Rock Ontario Lake Superior 1940 1941 Whitewater Manitoba Riding Mountain National Park 1943 1945N A Wainfleet Ontario Close to Port Colborne 1943 1945See also EditList of World War I prisoner of war camps in Canada Lac Saint JeanReferences Edit Canadian Internment Camps Petawawa Heritage Village www petawawaheritagevillage com a b Prisoner of War Camps in Canada The Canadian Encyclopedia a b c The Happiest Prisoners Legion Magazine legionmagazine com 15 March 2012 Little left of PoW camps that dotted northern Ontario 70 years ago Toronto Sun 30 August 2012 Tremblay Robert Bibliotheque et Archives Canada et al Histoires oubliees Interprogrammes Des prisonniers speciaux Interlude Aired 20 July 2008 14h47 to 15h00 August 30 Jon Thompson More from Jon Thompson Published on August 31 2012 Last Updated Edt 2012 11 31 Am 30 August 2012 Little left of PoW camps that dotted northern Ontario 70 years ago a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b c d WarMuseum ca Democracy at War Axis Prisoners in Canada Canada and the War www warmuseum ca Dodson Timothy Myers A Prisoners of War and Dreams of Freedom Dugout Canoes at a Second World War Work Camp in Manitoba Canada via www academia edu a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Homefront in Alberta Alberta and the Keeping of German Prisoners of War 1939 1947 wayback archive it org Archived from the original on 8 December 2010 HOMELAND STORIES Enemies Within PDF ReadingAndRemembrance ca Camp 40 Camp A Farnham Quebec Michael O Hagan 2 December 2016 Retrieved 28 May 2021 Lapointe Vicky 16 August 2012 Photos le camp d internement no 42 camp Newington Sherbrooke 1944 1945 Patrimoine Histoire et Multimedia in French Retrieved 28 May 2021 External links EditTruro Daily Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of World War II prisoner of war camps in Canada amp oldid 1166171502, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
