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List of Ottoman post offices in Palestine

November 30, 2023

The List of Ottoman post offices in Palestine contains those post offices operated in Palestine during Ottoman rule. The establishment of a new imperial postal system in 1834 and development of the transportation network resulted in vast improvements in the transport and communications systems. International and domestic post offices were operated by the Ottoman administration in almost every large city in Palestine, including Acre, Haifa, Safed, Tiberias, Nablus, Jerusalem, Jaffa, and Gaza.[1]

The Imperial edict of 12 Ramasan 1256 (14 October 1840)[2] led to substantial improvements in the Ottoman postal system and a web of prescribed and regular despatch rider (tatar) routes was instituted.[3] Beginning in 1841, the Beirut-route was extended to serve Palestine, going from Beirut via Damascus and Acre to Jerusalem.[4]

Postal services were organized at the local level by the provincial governors and these leases (posta mültesimi) came up for auction annually in the month of March.[3] It is reported that in 1846 Italian businessmen Santelli and Micciarelli became leaseholders and ran a service from Jerusalem to Ramle, Jaffa, Sûr, and Saida.[5] By 1852, a weekly service operated from Saida via Sûr, Acre (connection to Beirut), Haifa, and Jaffa to Jerusalem, also serving Nablus beginning in 1856. That same year, two new routes came into operation: Jerusalem–Hebron–Gaza, and Tiberias–Nazareth–Chefa Omer–Acre.[6] In 1867, the Jerusalem-Jaffa route operated twice a week, and beginning in 1884, the Nablus-Jaffa route received daily despatches.[6]

Initially all the postal facilities had the status of relay stations, and letters received their postmarks only at the Beirut post office. In contradiction to that rule, a small number of markings Djebel Lubnan have been discovered:[7] these are believed by philatelists to have been applied by a relay station at Staura (Lebanon). In the 1860s, most relay stations were promoted to the status of branch post offices and received postmarks, initially only negative seals, of their own.[8] The postmarks of an office's postal section usually contained the words posta shubesi, as opposed to telegraf hanei for the telegraph section. In 1860 ten postal facilities worked in Palestine, rising to 20 in 1900 and 32 in 1917.

Ottoman post offices edit

Place name (Name)[O 1] Population
(Year)[O 2]		 Est.[O 3] Dates of Known Usage[O 4] Refs.
Ord.[O 5] Reg.[O 6] Off.[O 7] Tel.[O 8] Cens.[O 9]
Acre (`Akkâ) 12000 (1915) 1841 1869–1918 1885–1918 1884–1914   1916–1917 [9][10][11]
Afula (`Afula)   1919 1917–1918 1918       [12][13][14]
Aioun Cara (`Uyûn Qâra) 950 (1916)   1904–1916 1916       [15][16][17]
Beit Djala (Bait Djâla) 6000 (1915)   1913–1916         [16][17][18]
Beni Saab (Tulkarem) (Beni Sa`b) 5000 (1916)   1879–1918 1917 1912–1913 1912 1917–1918 [19][20][21]
Bethlehem (Bait al-Lahm) 12000 (1915) 1870 1900–1917 1895–1917   1885–1914   [17][22][23]
Bireh (al-Bîra) 1000 (1910)   1908–1917     1917   [17][24][25]
Bir ul-Sebbe (Bi'r as-Seb`a) 3000 (1915)   1911–1917 1916   1883 1915–1917 [17][26][27]
Bissan (Beysân) 3000 (1910) <1903 1908–1918         [14][20][28]
Bon Samaritain (Khân al-Hatrûra)     1902–1914         [17][29][30]
Chefa Omer (Shefâ `Amr) 3000 (1918)   1890–1918         [31][32][33]
(Rehoboth) (Daurân) 1200 (1918)   1910–1915 1916       [34][35][36]
Djaune (Rosch-Pinah) (Djâ`ûn) 1000 (1918)   1910–1918         [13][37][38]
Djenine (Djanîn) 2000 (1910) 1871 1871–1918 1918   1895–1897   [38][39][40]
Gaza (Ghaza) 30000 (1915) 1856 1970-1917 1902–1917 1893–1903   1916 [17][41][42]
Hafir (Hafîr)     1915–1917         [17][43][44]
Haifa (Hayfâ) 20000 (1915) 1852 1865–1918 1898–1918   1901–1918 1914–1918 [33][45][46]
Haifa Hejaz Railway (Hîfâ Hîmîdiya Hidjâz Demiûryolu)     1907         [33][47][48]
Haifa Iskelesi (Port Railway) (Hîfâ `Isqelesi)   <1909 1914         [49][50]
Haifa Sari ul-Kanasil (German Quarter) (Hayfâ Shâri`a al-Qanâsil)   <1909 1914         [51][52]
Halasa (Halâsa)     1916–1917         [44][53]
Halil ul-Rahman (Khalîl ar-Rahmân) 22000 (1916) 1850 1892–1917 1909–1912 1903–1904     [17][44][54]
Jaffa (Yafa) 40000 (1915) 1838 1868–1917 1984-1917   1865–1916 1914–1917 [55][56][57]
Jaffa Iskelesi (Port) (Yafa Iskelesi)     1895–1899         [57][58][59]
Jaffa Menchie (Menshiye)     1910–1915         [36][59][60]
Jaffa Tel Abib (Tel Abîb)   <1914 1917         [36][59][61]
Jericho (Arîhâ) 1000 (1910) 1900 1900–1918         [35][57][62]
Jerusalem (al-Quds) 80000 (1915) 1841 1868–1917 1890–1917 1877–1899 1866–1917 1914–1917 [63][64][65]
Jerusalem Camp Imperial (Qudüs Iqâmetkâ-i Imperâtûri)     1898         [66][67][68]
Jerusalem Gare (Qudüs Demûryûli)     1901–1911         [67][69]
Jerusalem Mahna Juda (Mahnâ Yûdâ)     1909–1912         [68][70][71]
Jerusalem Méo-Charem (Mûsh`arem)     1904–1917 1910–1917       [68][71][72]
Jerusalem Nahlat Shiva (Nahlât Sh(?)îvâ)     1913         [68][71][73]
Jerusalem Nôtre Dame de France (Nutr Dâm da Frânsâ)     1912         [74][75]
Jerusalem Quartier Israelite (Yehûdi Mahalasi)     1895–1917 1896–1917       [76][77][78]
Jerusalem Souk el-Attarine (Sûq el-`Atârîn)     1907–1917         [68][75][79]
Khan Younesse (Khân Yûnis)   <1909 1914–1916         [30][57][80]
Led (Lod) 7000 (1915) <1895 1908–1917         [30][57][81]
Medjdil (Medjdil) 3000 (1915) <1899 1899–1917         [57][82][83]
Nablus (Nâblus) 27000 (1916) 1856 1868–1918 1892–1915 1871–1898   1918 [33][84][85]
Nasrie (Nasira) 15000 (1915) 1856 1871–1918 1891–1918 1871–1903 1885–1901 1915–1917 [38][86][87]
Ramallah (Râm Allâh) 5000 (1915) <1903 1904–1915         [36][83][88]
Ramle (Ramla) 7000 (1915) 1853 1892–1917   1894–1899     [36][89][90]
Safed (Safed) 20000 (1914)   1875–1918 1895–1918 1915 1885–1913 1915 [91][92]
Samah (Samâh)     1916–1918         [36][93][94]
Sheria Nehri Jourdain (Sherî`a Nehri)     1915         [57][95][96]
Tabarya (Tabarya) 6000 (1916) 1856 1871–1918 1904–1917 1915 1885–1915   [38][97][98]
Umm Lebes (Petah Tikwa) (Mlibes) 3600 (1915)   1910–1917 1915–1917       [36][96][99][100]
Zamarin (Zamârîn) 1000 (1914) <1899 1912–1918 1918       [38][101][102]

A number of post offices are only known from archival material such as proof strikes of postmarks in Turkish PTT archives or lists prepared by the Ottoman Post for the UPU before 1914. Philatelists have so far not recorded any genuinely used postmarks or other postal material for these postal facilities:

Place Name (Name) Est. Notes Refs.
al-`Audja (al-`Audja)   possibly identical to Hafir/Auja al-Hafir [35][43]
Asloudj (Bi'r `Aslûdj)   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [23][103][104]
Bâb al-Wadd     [16]
Beit Sahur (Bait Sâhûr)   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [16][105]
Bir Birin (Bi'rain)   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [104][106][107]
Bir el Zeit (Bi'r az-Zait)   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [35][106]
Chaara, Wadi el-Shara (Sha`râ)     [108]
Dekirmen Bûrrni   listed only in 1884 PTT lists[citation needed] [35]
Dharbat as-Sumra (Dharbat as-Sumra)     [13]
Djemain (Jammain)[citation needed]   listed only in 1892 & 1899 PTT lists[citation needed] [citation needed]
Djesr el-Majami (Mujami Bridge) (Djezr al-Madjâmi) 1909 railway station with telegraph office, listed in 1909 PTT lists [109][110]
Haifa Alman Mahallesi (Almân Mahllasi)   possibly identical to Haifa Sari ul-Kanasil (German Quarter) [33][50]
Haifa Eastern Gate (Haifa Elbevabet ash-Sharqiya)     [50]
Haifa Hotel Nasara   listed in 1914 PTT lists[citation needed] [50]
Haifa Iskele     [50]
Haifa Istayonu     [50]
`Irâq al-Manshîya (`Irâq al-Manshîya)   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [30]
Jaffa Souk el-Attarin (Souk el-`Attârin)     [59]
Jaffa Souk el-Necar (Souq al-Nekhâr)   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [59][111]
Jerusalem Grande Rue (Ghrând Nû Aûtel)   only an agency cachet known, doubtful [68][71][112]
Jerusalem Souk el-Tudjdjar (Sûq el-Tudjâr)   listed in 1909 PTT lists [75][113]
Kalkile (Qalqîla) 1913 only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [108][113]
Kaysariya (Qaysârîya) 1913 besides being known as a (telegraph) proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara, genuinely used copies have been reported.[citation needed]. Suspected to be actually the town in Anatolia.[113] [50][113]
Mesmiye (Mesmiya)   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [68][83][114]
Nablus Hükumet Konag Karshusu (Hukûmat Qunâghi Qarshûsi)     [100]
Safed Yahudi Mahallesi (Yahûdi Mahallasi)   listed in 1909 PTT lists[citation needed] [115]
Salfit (Salfît) 1903? listed in 1903 PTT lists [95][108]
Sebastiya (Sabâstîyâ)   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [93][108]
Sharaviye (Sha`raviya (Djenîn))   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara [108]
Shatta (Beit Ha Shitta) 1909 railway station with telegraph office, listed in 1909 PTT lists [32][95]
Tantoura (Tantûra) <1899 only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara, listed in PTT lists 1899-1909 [61][102]
Tel esh-Shamame (Tal ash-Shamâm) <1909 railway station with telegraph office, listed in 1909 PTT lists [61][102]
Wadi el-Harar (Wâdî al-Harâr)   only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara; possibly the Wadi Sarrar railway station.[116] Presumed to be presently known as Kharas, north west of Hebron.[citation needed] Wadies Sarar to the west of Jerusalem was a military siding with no civilian postal facility.[117] [96][116]
Yebne (Yebna)     [118]

Travelling post offices edit

Travelling post offices existed on three routes:

  • The Jaffa–Jerusalem route was officially opened on September 26, 1892 with stops at Jaffa, Ludd, Ramle, Sedshed, Deir Aban, Bittir, and Jerusalem.[119] In 1888, the developer Joseph Navon had received a 71-year license, which he later sold to French investors, who operated the company as Société du Chemin de Fer Ottoman de Jaffa à Jerusalem et Prolonguements. The company was nationalized at the start of the war in 1914. Navon's license expressly prohibited the company from transporting mail for the various foreign post offices.[119] Postmarks for this travelling post office, some inscribed Bur. Amb. Jerusalem–Jaffa, are registered by collectors from May 13, 1893 to December 14, 1914.[120][121]
  • The Damascus–Haifa route was completed in 1906 as a branch of the Hejaz Railway with stops at Dera'a, Muzerib, Zeizun, Tel el-Makarim, El-Hadshara, Wadi Kleit, El-Hammi, Semach, Dshisr el-Majami, Beit Shean, Shatta, Afule, Tel esh-Shamam, Esh-Shamaria, and Haifa. Postmarks for this travelling post office, inscribed Damas–Caiffa, are registered by collectors from 1908 to June 2, 1921 (one postmark remained in use during E.E.F. control).[122]
  • The Messudshi–Nablus route was completed in 1914. Use of the postmark inscribed Nablous–Caiffa/Ambulant is only known for September 25, 1914.[123][124]

No TPO postmarks are known for other railway lines operating during this period, irrespective of whether these lines actually did transport mail. Lines operating were (year of completion): Acre–Beled esh-Shech (1912), Afule–Djennine (1913), Djennine–Messudshi (1914), Messudshi–Tulkarem–Ludd (1915), Wadi Sarrar–Et-Tine–Beersheba, Beersheba–Hafir (1915), Et-Tine–Gaza (1916), and Deir el-Balah–Beersheba (1916).[122]

See also edit

References and sources edit

Header Notes
  1. ^ Name of the town or village, as used at the time, plus transcription.
  2. ^ Population estimate, latest available figure pre-1918.
  3. ^ Establishment of a postal facility (relay or telegraph station, agency, etc.)
  4. ^ Dates of actual use of postmaks, recorded by philatelists.
  5. ^ Ordinary mail: dated and undated postmarks.
  6. ^ Registered mail: teahud olunmushdur marks and labels.
  7. ^ Official mail: tahirat mühumme markings.
  8. ^ Telegraph marks telegraf chane ve posta.
  9. ^ Censor markings: mu'ajene olunmushdur or sansur.
Notes
  1. ^ Levy, 1998, p. 536.
  2. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 17-21.
  3. ^ a b Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 17.
  4. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 21
  5. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 21-22, quoting Tobias Tobler Memorabilia from Jerusalem, 1853.
  6. ^ a b Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 22.
  7. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 25.
  8. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 23.
  9. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 31-38.
  10. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, pp. 21, 23.
  11. ^ Coles & Walker, Vol. II, p. 74.
  12. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 39.
  13. ^ a b c Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 24.
  14. ^ a b Coles & Walker, Vol. II, p. 75.
  15. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 40-41.
  16. ^ a b c d Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 51.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i Coles & Walker, Vol. II, p. 81.
  18. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 42.
  19. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 44-47.
  20. ^ a b Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 38.
  21. ^ Coles & Walker, Vol. II, pp. 75, 78.
  22. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 48-51.
  23. ^ a b Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 52.
  24. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 53-55.
  25. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, pp. 52-53.
  26. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 56-59.
  27. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, pp. 53-54.
  28. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 60.
  29. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 61.
  30. ^ a b c d Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 57.
  31. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 62-63.
  32. ^ a b Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 32.
  33. ^ a b c d e Coles & Walker, Vol. II, p. 76.
  34. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 176.
  35. ^ a b c d e Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 54.
  36. ^ a b c d e f g Coles & Walker, Vol. II, p. 83.
  37. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 177.
  38. ^ a b c d e Coles & Walker, Vol. II, p. 78.
  39. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 64-67.
  40. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 39.
  41. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 68-74
  42. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, pp. 55-56.
  43. ^ a b Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 75.
  44. ^ a b c Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 56.
  45. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 77-87.
  46. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, pp. 24-27.
  47. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 89.
  48. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 27.
  49. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 90.
  50. ^ a b c d e f g Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 28.
  51. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 88.
  52. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, pp. 27, 28.
  53. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 91.
  54. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 92-96.
  55. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 97-107.
  56. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, pp. 60-64.
  57. ^ a b c d e f g Coles & Walker, Vol. II, p. 82.
  58. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 108.
  59. ^ a b c d e Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 64.
  60. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 110.
  61. ^ a b c Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 186.
  62. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 111-112.
  63. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 113-122.
  64. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, pp. 39-46.
  65. ^ Coles & Walker, Vol. II, pp. 69-71.
  66. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 139.
  67. ^ a b Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 48.
  68. ^ a b c d e f g Coles & Walker, Vol. II, p. 72.
  69. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 140.
  70. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 136.
  71. ^ a b c d Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 46.
  72. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 141-142.
  73. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 137.
  74. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 138.
  75. ^ a b c Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 47.
  76. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 143-146.
  77. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, pp. 47-48.
  78. ^ Coles & Walker, Vol. II, pp. 71-72.
  79. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 147.
  80. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 149.
  81. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 151-152.
  82. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 153-154.
  83. ^ a b c Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 58.
  84. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 157-162.
  85. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 35, 37.
  86. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 163-168.
  87. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, pp. 29-30.
  88. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 174-175.
  89. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 171-173.
  90. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 59.
  91. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 178-183.
  92. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, pp. 30-31.
  93. ^ a b Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 184.
  94. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 32.
  95. ^ a b c Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 185.
  96. ^ a b c Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 60.
  97. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 187-191.
  98. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, pp. 33-34.
  99. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 169-170.
  100. ^ a b Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 37.
  101. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 192-193.
  102. ^ a b c Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 34.
  103. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 41.
  104. ^ a b Coles & Walker, Vol. II, p. 88.
  105. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 43.
  106. ^ a b Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 52.
  107. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 53.
  108. ^ a b c d e Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 40.
  109. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 67.
  110. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, pp. 24, 32.
  111. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 109.
  112. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 135.
  113. ^ a b c d Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 148.
  114. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 156.
  115. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, p. 31.
  116. ^ a b Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 191.
  117. ^ Birinci Dünya Harbinde Türk Harbi, Sina-Filistin Cephesi : IVncü Cilt 2nci Kısım. Ankara: T.C. Genelkurmay Başkanlığı, 1986 [=The Turkish War During First World War (The Sinai-Palestine Front), Vol. IV. Ankara: Turkish General Staff Command, 1986
  118. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, p. 65.
  119. ^ a b Lindenberg, 1926, p. 15.
  120. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 194-198.
  121. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Suriye, pp. 50, 65.
  122. ^ a b Collins & Steichele, 2000, pp. 201-202.
  123. ^ Collins & Steichele, 2000, p. 202.
  124. ^ Birken, 2007, Vol. Beyrut, pp. 29-30, 37.
Sources
  • Abuljebain, Nader K. (2001). Palestinian history in postage stamps = تاريخ فلسطين في طوابع البري. Beirut: Institute for Palestine Studies/Welfare Association.
  • Birken, Andreas (2007). Die Poststempel = The postmarks. Volumes Beirut and Suriye. Hamburg: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osmanisches Reich/Türkei, ©2003, 2007. (CD-ROM, updated irregularly)
  • Coles, John H. and Howard E. Walker (1987). Postal cancellations of the Ottoman Empire. Part 2: the lost territories in Africa and Asia. London & Bournemouth: Christie's Robson Lowe. ISBN 0-85397-426-8.
  • Collins, Norman J. and Anton Steichele (2000). The Ottoman post and telegraph offices in Palestine and Sinai. London: Sahara. ISBN 1-903022-06-1.
  • Levy, Thomas E. (1995). The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land. Continuum. ISBN 0-7185-1388-6.
  • Lindenberg, Paul P. (1926). Das Postwesen Palästinas vor der britischen Besetzung. Vienna: Die Postmarke.

November 30, 2023
list, ottoman, post, offices, palestine, contains, those, post, offices, operated, palestine, during, ottoman, rule, establishment, imperial, postal, system, 1834, development, transportation, network, resulted, vast, improvements, transport, communications, s. The List of Ottoman post offices in Palestine contains those post offices operated in Palestine during Ottoman rule The establishment of a new imperial postal system in 1834 and development of the transportation network resulted in vast improvements in the transport and communications systems International and domestic post offices were operated by the Ottoman administration in almost every large city in Palestine including Acre Haifa Safed Tiberias Nablus Jerusalem Jaffa and Gaza 1 The Imperial edict of 12 Ramasan 1256 14 October 1840 2 led to substantial improvements in the Ottoman postal system and a web of prescribed and regular despatch rider tatar routes was instituted 3 Beginning in 1841 the Beirut route was extended to serve Palestine going from Beirut via Damascus and Acre to Jerusalem 4 Postal services were organized at the local level by the provincial governors and these leases posta multesimi came up for auction annually in the month of March 3 It is reported that in 1846 Italian businessmen Santelli and Micciarelli became leaseholders and ran a service from Jerusalem to Ramle Jaffa Sur and Saida 5 By 1852 a weekly service operated from Saida via Sur Acre connection to Beirut Haifa and Jaffa to Jerusalem also serving Nablus beginning in 1856 That same year two new routes came into operation Jerusalem Hebron Gaza and Tiberias Nazareth Chefa Omer Acre 6 In 1867 the Jerusalem Jaffa route operated twice a week and beginning in 1884 the Nablus Jaffa route received daily despatches 6 Initially all the postal facilities had the status of relay stations and letters received their postmarks only at the Beirut post office In contradiction to that rule a small number of markings Djebel Lubnan have been discovered 7 these are believed by philatelists to have been applied by a relay station at Staura Lebanon In the 1860s most relay stations were promoted to the status of branch post offices and received postmarks initially only negative seals of their own 8 The postmarks of an office s postal section usually contained the words posta shubesi as opposed to telegraf hanei for the telegraph section In 1860 ten postal facilities worked in Palestine rising to 20 in 1900 and 32 in 1917 Contents 1 Ottoman post offices 2 Travelling post offices 3 See also 4 References and sourcesOttoman post offices editPlace name Name O 1 Population Year O 2 Est O 3 Dates of Known Usage O 4 Refs Ord O 5 Reg O 6 Off O 7 Tel O 8 Cens O 9 Acre Akka 12000 1915 1841 1869 1918 1885 1918 1884 1914 1916 1917 9 10 11 Afula Afula 1919 1917 1918 1918 12 13 14 Aioun Cara Uyun Qara 950 1916 1904 1916 1916 15 16 17 Beit Djala Bait Djala 6000 1915 1913 1916 16 17 18 Beni Saab Tulkarem Beni Sa b 5000 1916 1879 1918 1917 1912 1913 1912 1917 1918 19 20 21 Bethlehem Bait al Lahm 12000 1915 1870 1900 1917 1895 1917 1885 1914 17 22 23 Bireh al Bira 1000 1910 1908 1917 1917 17 24 25 Bir ul Sebbe Bi r as Seb a 3000 1915 1911 1917 1916 1883 1915 1917 17 26 27 Bissan Beysan 3000 1910 lt 1903 1908 1918 14 20 28 Bon Samaritain Khan al Hatrura 1902 1914 17 29 30 Chefa Omer Shefa Amr 3000 1918 1890 1918 31 32 33 Rehoboth Dauran 1200 1918 1910 1915 1916 34 35 36 Djaune Rosch Pinah Dja un 1000 1918 1910 1918 13 37 38 Djenine Djanin 2000 1910 1871 1871 1918 1918 1895 1897 38 39 40 Gaza Ghaza 30000 1915 1856 1970 1917 1902 1917 1893 1903 1916 17 41 42 Hafir Hafir 1915 1917 17 43 44 Haifa Hayfa 20000 1915 1852 1865 1918 1898 1918 1901 1918 1914 1918 33 45 46 Haifa Hejaz Railway Hifa Himidiya Hidjaz Demiuryolu 1907 33 47 48 Haifa Iskelesi Port Railway Hifa Isqelesi lt 1909 1914 49 50 Haifa Sari ul Kanasil German Quarter Hayfa Shari a al Qanasil lt 1909 1914 51 52 Halasa Halasa 1916 1917 44 53 Halil ul Rahman Khalil ar Rahman 22000 1916 1850 1892 1917 1909 1912 1903 1904 17 44 54 Jaffa Yafa 40000 1915 1838 1868 1917 1984 1917 1865 1916 1914 1917 55 56 57 Jaffa Iskelesi Port Yafa Iskelesi 1895 1899 57 58 59 Jaffa Menchie Menshiye 1910 1915 36 59 60 Jaffa Tel Abib Tel Abib lt 1914 1917 36 59 61 Jericho Ariha 1000 1910 1900 1900 1918 35 57 62 Jerusalem al Quds 80000 1915 1841 1868 1917 1890 1917 1877 1899 1866 1917 1914 1917 63 64 65 Jerusalem Camp Imperial Qudus Iqametka i Imperaturi 1898 66 67 68 Jerusalem Gare Qudus Demuryuli 1901 1911 67 69 Jerusalem Mahna Juda Mahna Yuda 1909 1912 68 70 71 Jerusalem Meo Charem Mush arem 1904 1917 1910 1917 68 71 72 Jerusalem Nahlat Shiva Nahlat Sh iva 1913 68 71 73 Jerusalem Notre Dame de France Nutr Dam da Fransa 1912 74 75 Jerusalem Quartier Israelite Yehudi Mahalasi 1895 1917 1896 1917 76 77 78 Jerusalem Souk el Attarine Suq el Atarin 1907 1917 68 75 79 Khan Younesse Khan Yunis lt 1909 1914 1916 30 57 80 Led Lod 7000 1915 lt 1895 1908 1917 30 57 81 Medjdil Medjdil 3000 1915 lt 1899 1899 1917 57 82 83 Nablus Nablus 27000 1916 1856 1868 1918 1892 1915 1871 1898 1918 33 84 85 Nasrie Nasira 15000 1915 1856 1871 1918 1891 1918 1871 1903 1885 1901 1915 1917 38 86 87 Ramallah Ram Allah 5000 1915 lt 1903 1904 1915 36 83 88 Ramle Ramla 7000 1915 1853 1892 1917 1894 1899 36 89 90 Safed Safed 20000 1914 1875 1918 1895 1918 1915 1885 1913 1915 91 92 Samah Samah 1916 1918 36 93 94 Sheria Nehri Jourdain Sheri a Nehri 1915 57 95 96 Tabarya Tabarya 6000 1916 1856 1871 1918 1904 1917 1915 1885 1915 38 97 98 Umm Lebes Petah Tikwa Mlibes 3600 1915 1910 1917 1915 1917 36 96 99 100 Zamarin Zamarin 1000 1914 lt 1899 1912 1918 1918 38 101 102 A number of post offices are only known from archival material such as proof strikes of postmarks in Turkish PTT archives or lists prepared by the Ottoman Post for the UPU before 1914 Philatelists have so far not recorded any genuinely used postmarks or other postal material for these postal facilities Place Name Name Est Notes Refs al Audja al Audja possibly identical to Hafir Auja al Hafir 35 43 Asloudj Bi r Asludj only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 23 103 104 Bab al Wadd 16 Beit Sahur Bait Sahur only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 16 105 Bir Birin Bi rain only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 104 106 107 Bir el Zeit Bi r az Zait only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 35 106 Chaara Wadi el Shara Sha ra 108 Dekirmen Burrni listed only in 1884 PTT lists citation needed 35 Dharbat as Sumra Dharbat as Sumra 13 Djemain Jammain citation needed listed only in 1892 amp 1899 PTT lists citation needed citation needed Djesr el Majami Mujami Bridge Djezr al Madjami 1909 railway station with telegraph office listed in 1909 PTT lists 109 110 Haifa Alman Mahallesi Alman Mahllasi possibly identical to Haifa Sari ul Kanasil German Quarter 33 50 Haifa Eastern Gate Haifa Elbevabet ash Sharqiya 50 Haifa Hotel Nasara listed in 1914 PTT lists citation needed 50 Haifa Iskele 50 Haifa Istayonu 50 Iraq al Manshiya Iraq al Manshiya only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 30 Jaffa Souk el Attarin Souk el Attarin 59 Jaffa Souk el Necar Souq al Nekhar only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 59 111 Jerusalem Grande Rue Ghrand Nu Autel only an agency cachet known doubtful 68 71 112 Jerusalem Souk el Tudjdjar Suq el Tudjar listed in 1909 PTT lists 75 113 Kalkile Qalqila 1913 only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 108 113 Kaysariya Qaysariya 1913 besides being known as a telegraph proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara genuinely used copies have been reported citation needed Suspected to be actually the town in Anatolia 113 50 113 Mesmiye Mesmiya only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 68 83 114 Nablus Hukumet Konag Karshusu Hukumat Qunaghi Qarshusi 100 Safed Yahudi Mahallesi Yahudi Mahallasi listed in 1909 PTT lists citation needed 115 Salfit Salfit 1903 listed in 1903 PTT lists 95 108 Sebastiya Sabastiya only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 93 108 Sharaviye Sha raviya Djenin only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara 108 Shatta Beit Ha Shitta 1909 railway station with telegraph office listed in 1909 PTT lists 32 95 Tantoura Tantura lt 1899 only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara listed in PTT lists 1899 1909 61 102 Tel esh Shamame Tal ash Shamam lt 1909 railway station with telegraph office listed in 1909 PTT lists 61 102 Wadi el Harar Wadi al Harar only known as proof strike in PTT Archives Ankara possibly the Wadi Sarrar railway station 116 Presumed to be presently known as Kharas north west of Hebron citation needed Wadies Sarar to the west of Jerusalem was a military siding with no civilian postal facility 117 96 116 Yebne Yebna 118 Travelling post offices editTravelling post offices existed on three routes The Jaffa Jerusalem route was officially opened on September 26 1892 with stops at Jaffa Ludd Ramle Sedshed Deir Aban Bittir and Jerusalem 119 In 1888 the developer Joseph Navon had received a 71 year license which he later sold to French investors who operated the company as Societe du Chemin de Fer Ottoman de Jaffa a Jerusalem et Prolonguements The company was nationalized at the start of the war in 1914 Navon s license expressly prohibited the company from transporting mail for the various foreign post offices 119 Postmarks for this travelling post office some inscribed Bur Amb Jerusalem Jaffa are registered by collectors from May 13 1893 to December 14 1914 120 121 The Damascus Haifa route was completed in 1906 as a branch of the Hejaz Railway with stops at Dera a Muzerib Zeizun Tel el Makarim El Hadshara Wadi Kleit El Hammi Semach Dshisr el Majami Beit Shean Shatta Afule Tel esh Shamam Esh Shamaria and Haifa Postmarks for this travelling post office inscribed Damas Caiffa are registered by collectors from 1908 to June 2 1921 one postmark remained in use during E E F control 122 The Messudshi Nablus route was completed in 1914 Use of the postmark inscribed Nablous Caiffa Ambulant is only known for September 25 1914 123 124 No TPO postmarks are known for other railway lines operating during this period irrespective of whether these lines actually did transport mail Lines operating were year of completion Acre Beled esh Shech 1912 Afule Djennine 1913 Djennine Messudshi 1914 Messudshi Tulkarem Ludd 1915 Wadi Sarrar Et Tine Beersheba Beersheba Hafir 1915 Et Tine Gaza 1916 and Deir el Balah Beersheba 1916 122 See also editOttoman postal rates in Palestine Postage stamps and postal history of PalestineReferences and sources editHeader Notes Name of the town or village as used at the time plus transcription Population estimate latest available figure pre 1918 Establishment of a postal facility relay or telegraph station agency etc Dates of actual use of postmaks recorded by philatelists Ordinary mail dated and undated postmarks Registered mail teahud olunmushdur marks and labels Official mail tahirat muhumme markings Telegraph marks telegraf chane ve posta Censor markings mu ajene olunmushdur or sansur Notes Levy 1998 p 536 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 17 21 a b Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 17 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 21 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 21 22 quoting Tobias Tobler Memorabilia from Jerusalem 1853 a b Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 22 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 25 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 23 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 31 38 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut pp 21 23 Coles amp Walker Vol II p 74 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 39 a b c Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 24 a b Coles amp Walker Vol II p 75 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 40 41 a b c d Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 51 a b c d e f g h i Coles amp Walker Vol II p 81 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 42 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 44 47 a b Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 38 Coles amp Walker Vol II pp 75 78 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 48 51 a b Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 52 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 53 55 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye pp 52 53 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 56 59 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye pp 53 54 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 60 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 61 a b c d Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 57 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 62 63 a b Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 32 a b c d e Coles amp Walker Vol II p 76 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 176 a b c d e Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 54 a b c d e f g Coles amp Walker Vol II p 83 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 177 a b c d e Coles amp Walker Vol II p 78 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 64 67 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 39 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 68 74 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye pp 55 56 a b Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 75 a b c Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 56 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 77 87 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut pp 24 27 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 89 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 27 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 90 a b c d e f g Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 28 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 88 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut pp 27 28 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 91 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 92 96 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 97 107 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye pp 60 64 a b c d e f g Coles amp Walker Vol II p 82 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 108 a b c d e Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 64 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 110 a b c Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 186 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 111 112 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 113 122 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye pp 39 46 Coles amp Walker Vol II pp 69 71 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 139 a b Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 48 a b c d e f g Coles amp Walker Vol II p 72 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 140 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 136 a b c d Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 46 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 141 142 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 137 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 138 a b c Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 47 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 143 146 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye pp 47 48 Coles amp Walker Vol II pp 71 72 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 147 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 149 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 151 152 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 153 154 a b c Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 58 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 157 162 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 35 37 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 163 168 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut pp 29 30 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 174 175 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 171 173 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 59 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 178 183 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut pp 30 31 a b Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 184 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 32 a b c Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 185 a b c Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 60 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 187 191 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut pp 33 34 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 169 170 a b Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 37 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 192 193 a b c Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 34 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 41 a b Coles amp Walker Vol II p 88 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 43 a b Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 52 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 53 a b c d e Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 40 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 67 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut pp 24 32 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 109 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 135 a b c d Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 148 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 156 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut p 31 a b Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 191 Birinci Dunya Harbinde Turk Harbi Sina Filistin Cephesi IVncu Cilt 2nci Kisim Ankara T C Genelkurmay Baskanligi 1986 The Turkish War During First World War The Sinai Palestine Front Vol IV Ankara Turkish General Staff Command 1986 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye p 65 a b Lindenberg 1926 p 15 Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 194 198 Birken 2007 Vol Suriye pp 50 65 a b Collins amp Steichele 2000 pp 201 202 Collins amp Steichele 2000 p 202 Birken 2007 Vol Beyrut pp 29 30 37 SourcesAbuljebain Nader K 2001 Palestinian history in postage stamps تاريخ فلسطين في طوابع البري Beirut Institute for Palestine Studies Welfare Association Birken Andreas 2007 Die Poststempel The postmarks Volumes Beirut and Suriye Hamburg Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osmanisches Reich Turkei c 2003 2007 CD ROM updated irregularly Coles John H and Howard E Walker 1987 Postal cancellations of the Ottoman Empire Part 2 the lost territories in Africa and Asia London amp Bournemouth Christie s Robson Lowe ISBN 0 85397 426 8 Collins Norman J and Anton Steichele 2000 The Ottoman post and telegraph offices in Palestine and Sinai London Sahara ISBN 1 903022 06 1 Levy Thomas E 1995 The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land Continuum ISBN 0 7185 1388 6 Lindenberg Paul P 1926 Das Postwesen Palastinas vor der britischen Besetzung Vienna Die Postmarke Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of Ottoman post offices in Palestine amp oldid 1142267943, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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