Marmarica (Ancient Greek: Μαρμαρική, Arabic: مراقيه, romanized: Maraqiyah[1]) in ancient geography was a littoral area in Ancient Libya, located between Cyrenaica and Aegyptus.[2] It corresponds to what is now the Libya and Egypt frontier, including the towns of Bomba (ancient Phthia), Timimi (ancient Paliurus), Tobruk (ancient Antipyrgus), Acroma (ancient Gonia), Bardiya, As-Salum, and Sidi Barrani (ancient Zygra). The territory stretched to the far south, encompassing the Siwa Oasis, which at the time was known for its sanctuary to the deity Amun. The eastern part of Marmarica, by some geographers considered a separate district between Marmarica and Aegyptus, was known as Libycus Nomus. In late antiquity, Marmarica was also known as Libya Inferior, while Cyrenaica was known as Libya Superior.
Libya is found in Africa and is located west of the Nile, more precisely west of the mouth of the Nile at Canopus. The Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax names the Adyrmachidae as the first people of Libya (Africa). Marmarica proper was delimited towards the east by the escarpment of Catabathmus Magnus, now known as Akabah el-Kebir, at Salum.
Under the Roman Empire, Marmarica included the Libycus Nomus, located between the Catabathmus and the Bay of Plinthine (Sinus Plinthinetes). This area had formerly been considered part of Egypt. The city of Paraetonium (also Ammonia, modern Mersa Matruh) was the westernmost town of Egypt, for which reason it together with Pelusium was known as the "horns of Egypt". About 10 stadia west of Paraetonium was Apis, marking the border to the Libyan Nomos. Menelaus Portus (near modern Zawiyat Umm Rukbah), according to tradition founded by Menelaus, was known as the site of the death of Agesilaus II.
The inhabitants of Marmarica were known generically as Marmaridae (Μαρμαρίδαι),[3] but they are given the special names of Adyrmachidae (Ἀδυρμαχίδαι) and Giligammae (Γιλιγάμμαι and Γιλιγάμβαι) in the coastal districts, and of Nasamones (Νασαμῶνες) and Augilae (Αὔγιλαι and Αὐγιλίται) in the interior. The Adyrmachidae are said to have differed considerably from the nomadic tribes of the country, strongly resembling the Egyptians. The territory south of the Libyan Nomos was inhabited by the Ammonii (Ἀμμώνιοι), centered on the celebrated and fertile oasis of Ammon (Siwa)
Charles Anthon, A system of ancient and mediæval geography for the use of schools and colleges, Harper & brothers, 1855, 722-224.
George Kish, A Source book in geography, Harvard University Press, 1978, ISBN978-0-674-82270-2, p. 24.
Leonhard Schmitz, A manual of ancient geography, Blanchard and Lea, 1857, 383-384.
January 01, 1970
marmarica, genus, spider, cerbalus, ancient, greek, Μαρμαρική, arabic, مراقيه, romanized, maraqiyah, ancient, geography, littoral, area, ancient, libya, located, between, cyrenaica, aegyptus, corresponds, what, libya, egypt, frontier, including, towns, bomba, . For the genus of spider see Cerbalus Marmarica Ancient Greek Marmarikh Arabic مراقيه romanized Maraqiyah 1 in ancient geography was a littoral area in Ancient Libya located between Cyrenaica and Aegyptus 2 It corresponds to what is now the Libya and Egypt frontier including the towns of Bomba ancient Phthia Timimi ancient Paliurus Tobruk ancient Antipyrgus Acroma ancient Gonia Bardiya As Salum and Sidi Barrani ancient Zygra The territory stretched to the far south encompassing the Siwa Oasis which at the time was known for its sanctuary to the deity Amun The eastern part of Marmarica by some geographers considered a separate district between Marmarica and Aegyptus was known as Libycus Nomus In late antiquity Marmarica was also known as Libya Inferior while Cyrenaica was known as Libya Superior Map of Cyrenaica and Marmarica in the Roman era Samuel Butler 1907 Sebastian Munster s Aphricae Tabula III depicting Marmarica in 1540 Libya is found in Africa and is located west of the Nile more precisely west of the mouth of the Nile at Canopus The Periplus of Pseudo Scylax names the Adyrmachidae as the first people of Libya Africa Marmarica proper was delimited towards the east by the escarpment of Catabathmus Magnus now known as Akabah el Kebir at Salum Under the Roman Empire Marmarica included the Libycus Nomus located between the Catabathmus and the Bay of Plinthine Sinus Plinthinetes This area had formerly been considered part of Egypt The city of Paraetonium also Ammonia modern Mersa Matruh was the westernmost town of Egypt for which reason it together with Pelusium was known as the horns of Egypt About 10 stadia west of Paraetonium was Apis marking the border to the Libyan Nomos Menelaus Portus near modern Zawiyat Umm Rukbah according to tradition founded by Menelaus was known as the site of the death of Agesilaus II The inhabitants of Marmarica were known generically as Marmaridae Marmaridai 3 but they are given the special names of Adyrmachidae Ἀdyrmaxidai and Giligammae Giligammai and Giligambai in the coastal districts and of Nasamones Nasamῶnes and Augilae Aὔgilai and Aὐgilitai in the interior The Adyrmachidae are said to have differed considerably from the nomadic tribes of the country strongly resembling the Egyptians The territory south of the Libyan Nomos was inhabited by the Ammonii Ἀmmwnioi centered on the celebrated and fertile oasis of Ammon Siwa Both Cyrenaica and Marmarica were included in the diocese of Egypt in the 4th century within the larger Praetorian prefecture of the East while Tripolitania was in the Praetorian prefecture of Italy Contents 1 Episcopal sees 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksEpiscopal sees editAncient episcopal sees of the Roman province of Marmarica or Libya Inferior listed in the Annuario Pontificio as titular sees 4 Ammoniace Antiphrae near Dresiyeh Antipyrgos Darnis Zagylis Zygris For the sees of Libya Superior see Cyrenaica See also editNorth Africa during Antiquity Butnan District Matrouh Governorate Libyan DesertReferences edit Riemer Heiko 2013 01 01 Desert road archaeology in ancient Egypt and beyond Heinrich Barth Institut p 152 Mattingly D 30 July 2019 Places 716595 Marmarica Pleiades Retrieved July 30 2019 Pausanias Description of Greece 1 7 Annuario Pontificio 2013 Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978 88 209 9070 1 Sedi titolari pp 819 1013External links editCharles Anthon A system of ancient and mediaeval geography for the use of schools and colleges Harper amp brothers 1855 722 224 George Kish A Source book in geography Harvard University Press 1978 ISBN 978 0 674 82270 2 p 24 Leonhard Schmitz A manual of ancient geography Blanchard and Lea 1857 383 384 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Marmarica amp oldid 1179842483, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
