Leader of the Opposition (British Virgin Islands)
The Leader of the Opposition (officially the Leader of Her Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition in the British Virgin Islands) is the leader of the largest political party in the House of Assembly that is not in government.
| Leader of Her Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition | |
|---|---|
| Style | The Honourable |
| Term length | While leader of the largest political party in the House of Assembly that is not in government |
| Inaugural holder | Q.W. Osborne |
| Formation | Virgin Islands Constitution Order, 1967 (Statutory) |
Under the Constitution the Governor is required to appoint a member of the House of Assembly recommended by a majority of the elected members of the House who are members of any opposition party whose numerical strength in the House is greater than that of any other opposition party, or if no such person exists, the member of the House of Assembly who in the judgement of the Governor is best able to command the support of the members of the House in opposition to the Government.[1]
Prior to the introduction of the current Constitution, which codified the position, the Leader of the Opposition, by convention, led the largest party which is not part of the government: where one party wins outright this is the party leader of the second largest political party in the House of Assembly. However, in 1990 Cyril Romney was appointed Leader of the Opposition as an Independent and in 1995 Walwyn Brewley was appointed despite leading the party with the third largest number of seats. The Leader of the Opposition is normally viewed as an alternative Premier.
On 6 May 2022 Julian Fraser was appointed as the most recent leader of the opposition.[2]
Overview
To date a total of fourteen people (all men) have served as Leader of the Opposition - over twice the number who have served as Premier or Chief Minister. Every person who has served as Chief Minister or Premier has also served as Leader of the Opposition at some point. No person has ever served consecutive terms as Leader of the Opposition.
On five occasions has the Leader of the Opposition changed between elections:
- In 1977, when Austin Henley died.
- In 1988, when Ralph O'Neal left the United Party to join the Government.
- In 2017, when Andrew Fahie ousted Julian Fraser as leader of the opposition Virgin Islands Party.
- In 2018, when a split in the ruling government party led to Ronnie Skelton becoming the leader of the largest non-Government party.
- In 2022 when the opposition National Democratic Party joined the Virgin Islands Party in a unity government,[3] and left Julian Fraser as the member of the House of Assembly who was not in either party or in Cabinet.
2015 deadlock and controversy
In 2014, whilst Ralph O'Neal was Leader of the Opposition he stepped down as leader of the Virgin Islands Party in favour of Julian Fraser. However O'Neal remained the official Leader of the Opposition under the Territory's constitution until he stood down in subsequent general election in June 2015. In that election only two members of the opposition Virgin Islands Party won their seats - Julian Fraser and Andrew Fahie. Subsequently Fraser and Fahie argued over who should be named as Leader of the Opposition;[4] Fahie believed he commanded majority support within the party and should take over as party leader following the general election defeat.[5] As the Constitution required that the Leader of the Opposition commanded a support of the "majority" of the opposition members,[1] and the only two opposition members disagreed, there was an impasse. Governor John Duncan gave the men a month to resolve their differences, but they were unable to do so, and eventually the Governor appointed Fraser as the official Leader of the Opposition.[6] Fahie would later oust Fraser as party leader, and would then be appointed as Leader of the Opposition in his stead.[7]
Leaders of the Opposition from 1967
Prior to 1967 politicians were not elected on a party political basis, and thus Leaders of the Opposition only came into being with the introduction of party politics and Ministerial rule after the 1967 general election.
The following is a list of the Leaders of the Opposition in the British Virgin Islands from 1967 to date.
| Term | Incumbent | Party | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | ||||
| 1967 | 1971 | Q.W. Osborne | VIDP | ||
| 1971 | 1975 | H. Lavity Stoutt | VIP | ||
| 1975 | 1977* | Austin Henley | VIDP | ||
| 1977 | 1979 | Oliver Cills | VIDP | ||
| 1979 | 1983 | Willard Wheatley | UP | ||
| 1983 | 1986 | H. Lavity Stoutt | VIP | 2nd Term | |
| 1986 | 1988** | Ralph T. O'Neal | UP | ||
| 1988 | 1990 | Conrad Maduro | UP | ||
| 1990 | 1995 | Cyril Romney | Independent | ||
| 1995 | 1999 | E. Walwyn Brewley | CCM | ||
| 1999 | 2003 | D. Orlando Smith | NDP | ||
| 2003 | 2007 | Ralph T. O'Neal | VIP | 2nd Term | |
| 2007 | 2011 | D. Orlando Smith | NDP | 2nd Term | |
| 2011 | 2015 | Ralph T. O'Neal | VIP | 3rd Term | |
| 21 July 2015 | 5 February 2017 | Julian Fraser | VIP | ||
| 6 February 2017 | 21 December 2018 | Andrew Fahie | VIP | ||
| 22 December 2018 | 25 February 2019 | Ronnie Skelton | PVIM | ||
| 28 February 2019 | 5 May 2022 | Marlon Penn | NDP | ||
| 5 May 2022 | Incumbent | Julian Fraser | PU | ||
| * Austin Henley died in office in 1977. ** Ralph O'Neal left to join the Virgin Islands Party in 1988. | |||||
Party affiliations are as follows:
- VIP—Virgin Islands Party
- NDP—National Democratic Party
- CCM—Concerned Citizens Movement
- PVIM—Positive Virgin Islands Movement
- VIDP—VI Democratic Party (defunct)
- UP—United Party (defunct)
- PU—Progressives United
Footnotes
- ^ a b Virgin Islands Constitution Order 2007, article 70(2)
- ^ "Best for the job! Fraser now the leader of a one-man Opposition". BVI News. 6 May 2022.
- ^ "National Unity Government of The Virgin Islands Sworn In". Government of the Virgin Islands. 5 May 2022.
- ^ . BVI Beacon. 22 June 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
- ^ "Fraser Appointed Opposition Leader". BVI Platinum. 21 July 2015.
[S]everal of the party's losing candidates have written to the Governor to support Hon. Fahie as the Leader of the Opposition.
- ^ "Fraser Appointed Opposition Leader". BVI Platinum. 21 July 2015.
- ^ "BREAKING NEWS: Fahie Appointed Opposition Leader". BVI Platinum. 6 February 2017.
- ^ (PDF). BVI Deputy Governor's Office. p. 176. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 April 2014.