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Lawrence Mead

Lawrence M. Mead III (born 1943) is a professor of politics and public policy at New York University (NYU).[1]

Lawrence M. Mead
Born (1943-06-06) June 6, 1943 (age 80)
EducationAmherst College (B.A., 1966)
Harvard University (M.A., 1968; Ph.D., 1973)
OccupationPolitical scientist
EmployerNew York University
Known forArguing that employment is an obligation of citizenship.
Notable workBeyond Entitlement: The Social Obligations of Citizenship, The New Politics of Poverty: The Nonworking Poor in America
TitleProfessor of Politics and Public Policy
Political partyRepublican

Education edit

Born in Huntington, New York, Mead graduated Phi Beta Kappa with a B.A. from Amherst College in 1966, and from Harvard University with an M.A. and Ph.D. in 1968 and 1973.[2]

Career edit

Mead has taught at New York University (NYU) since 1979. He has been a visiting professor at the University of Wisconsin (1987), Harvard University (1993-4) and Princeton University (1994-5). He was a visiting fellow at Princeton (1995-6, 2001-2) and the Hoover Institution at Stanford (1988). Mead was Deputy Director of Research for the Republican National Committee in 1978–79, a research associate at the Urban Institute from 1975 to 1978, a speechwriter to Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in 1974–75, and a policy analyst at the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare from 1973 to 1975.[2]

Mead has written on poverty and welfare in the United States. In the books he wrote between 1986 and 2004, he provided the main theoretical basis for the American welfare reform of the 1990s, which required adult welfare recipients to work as a condition of aid. His books have influenced welfare reform in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand.[3]

Mead has written three books, coauthored one book, and edited or co-edited three others, all on poverty and/or government welfare policies. Government Matters, his study of welfare reform in Wisconsin, was a co-winner of the 2005 Louis Brownlow Book Award, given by the National Academy of Public Administration.[4] Mead has published dozens of articles on poverty, welfare, program implementation, and related subjects in scholarly journals, such as the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Public Administration Review, The Public Interest and the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. His book reviews and commentaries have appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, and other outlets.[5]

Theories on welfare and poverty edit

Mead believes that welfare should be means-tested, so as to guide behavior in poor populations that he believes would reduce poverty. According to Mead, poverty is mainly found in minority groups and is caused by a lack of work ethic in their cultures. He believes that "entitlements" form a harmful welfare culture of dependence. A study by economist Stephen M. Petterson did not support Mead's argument; Petterson found that differences in employment between Black and White men could not be attributed to differences in "willingness to work."[6][7] Scholars Stanford M. Lyman and Arthur J. Vidich have compared Mead's idea of requiring the poor to work to an earlier theory espoused by Henry Hughes, "warrantism", which paralleled slavery in the Antebellum South.[8][9]

The worldview of Blacks make them uniquely prone to attitudes contrary to work, and thus vulnerable to poverty and dependence.

— Lawrence M. Mead, The New Politics of Poverty: The Nonworking Poor in America (1992)[7]

On July 21, 2020, Mead published a commentary in the journal Society titled "Poverty and Culture" based on ideas from his 2019 book Burdens of Freedom.[10] In the paper, he argues that Black and Hispanic people in the United States are poor because they "typically respond only weakly to chances to get ahead through education and work" due to cultural differences in adapting to the United States' "individualist culture", a culture he posits derives from Europe.[11] The paper drew widespread outrage[12][13] from the academic community for perpetuating racist, xenophobic and classist stereotypes,[14] and multiple petitions circulated requesting a retraction.[13] NYU issued a statement expressing its rejection of "false, prejudicial, and stigmatizing assertions about the culture of communities of color in the United States" in his paper.[15] The journal publisher launched an investigation, and on July 31 the editor-in-chief retracted the paper and apologized for publishing it.[11]

The seriously poor are mostly blacks and Hispanics, and the main reason is cultural difference. The great fact is that these groups did not come from Europe. Fifty years after civil rights, their main problem is no longer racial discrimination by other people but rather that they face an individualist culture that they are unprepared for.

— Lawrence M. Mead, Poverty and Culture (2020)[16]

Books edit

Books authored
  • Mead, Lawrence M. (2019). Burdens of Freedom. Princeton, NJ: Encounter Books. ISBN 978-1641770408.
  • Mead, Lawrence M. (2004). Government Matters: Welfare Reform in Wisconsin. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-12380-6.
  • Mead, Lawrence M. (1993). The New Politics of Poverty: The Nonworking Poor in America. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-05069-7.
  • Mead, Lawrence M. (1986). Beyond Entitlement: The Social Obligations of Citizenship. New York: Free Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-2495-6.
Books co-authored
Edited
  • Mead, Lawrence M.; Beem, Christopher, eds. (2007). Welfare Reform and Political Theory. New York: Russell Sage Foundation Publications. ISBN 978-0-87154-588-6.
  • Mead, Lawrence M., ed. (1997). The New Paternalism: Supervisory Approaches to Poverty. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8157-5651-4.
  • Mead, Lawrence M.; Deacon, Alan, eds. (1997). From Welfare to Work: Lessons from America. London, UK: Institute of Economic Affairs. ISBN 978-0-255-36399-0.

References edit

  1. ^ Lawrence M. Mead, from the New York University Department of Politics website. Retrieved on May 14, 2009.
  2. ^ a b Lawrence M. Mead III Curriculum Vita, March 2007. Retrieved on January 19, 2011.
  3. ^ Randeep Ramesh,"Does Getting Tough on the Unemployed Work?" The Guardian, June 16, 2010
  4. ^ "Academy Honors Three Books with the 2005 Louis Brownlow Award," 2008-11-27 at the Wayback Machine December 9, 2005, from the National Academy of Public Administration website. Retrieved on May 14, 2009.
  5. ^ Lawrence M. Mead III, Curriculum Vita, March 2007. Retrieved on January 19, 2011.
  6. ^ Petterson, Stephen M. (1997). "Are Young Black Men Really Less Willing to Work?". American Sociological Review. 62 (4): 605–613. doi:10.2307/2657429. ISSN 0003-1224. JSTOR 2657429.
  7. ^ a b Petterson, Stephen M. (1998). "Black-White Differences in Reservation Wages and Joblessness: A Replication". The Journal of Human Resources. 33 (3): 758–770. doi:10.2307/146341. ISSN 0022-166X. JSTOR 146341.
  8. ^ Stanford M. Lyman (ed.), Arthur J. Vidich (ed.), Selected Works of Herbert Blumer: A Public Philosophy for Mass Society, Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois Press, 2000, pp. 14-19 [1]
  9. ^ Strong, Tracy B. (2019-11-26). Learning One's Native Tongue: Citizenship, Contestation, and Conflict in America. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-62336-8.
  10. ^ Mead, Lawrence (2019). Burdens of freedom : cultural difference and American power (First American ed.). New York. ISBN 978-1641770408.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ^ a b Mead, Lawrence M. (2020-07-29). "Poverty and Culture". Society. doi:10.1007/s12115-020-00496-1. ISSN 1936-4725. S2CID 220844755.
  12. ^ "Leading voice on welfare reform accused of racism". www.insidehighered.com. 28 July 2020. Retrieved 2020-07-30.
  13. ^ a b "Hundreds Call Paper 'Unscholarly' and 'Racially Violent'". Medscape. Retrieved 2020-07-30.
  14. ^ Marcus, Author Adam (2020-07-27). "Hundreds petition to retract paper they call "unscholarly, overtly racist" and full of "racially violent narratives"". Retraction Watch. Retrieved 2020-07-30. {{cite web}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  15. ^ "Statement From Faculty of Arts and Science and Wagner Leadership Regarding Professor Lawrence Mead". NYU. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
  16. ^ Mead, Lawrence M. (2020-07-21). "Poverty and Culture". Society. doi:10.1007/s12115-020-00496-1. ISSN 1936-4725. S2CID 220844755.

External links edit

lawrence, mead, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, need, rewritten, comply, with, wikipedia, quality, standards, help, talk, page, contain, . This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia s quality standards You can help The talk page may contain suggestions November 2013 This article s lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article July 2022 Learn how and when to remove this message Lawrence M Mead III born 1943 is a professor of politics and public policy at New York University NYU 1 Lawrence M MeadBorn 1943 06 06 June 6 1943 age 80 Huntington New YorkEducationAmherst College B A 1966 Harvard University M A 1968 Ph D 1973 OccupationPolitical scientistEmployerNew York UniversityKnown forArguing that employment is an obligation of citizenship Notable workBeyond Entitlement The Social Obligations of Citizenship The New Politics of Poverty The Nonworking Poor in AmericaTitleProfessor of Politics and Public PolicyPolitical partyRepublican Contents 1 Education 2 Career 2 1 Theories on welfare and poverty 3 Books 4 References 5 External linksEducation editBorn in Huntington New York Mead graduated Phi Beta Kappa with a B A from Amherst College in 1966 and from Harvard University with an M A and Ph D in 1968 and 1973 2 Career editMead has taught at New York University NYU since 1979 He has been a visiting professor at the University of Wisconsin 1987 Harvard University 1993 4 and Princeton University 1994 5 He was a visiting fellow at Princeton 1995 6 2001 2 and the Hoover Institution at Stanford 1988 Mead was Deputy Director of Research for the Republican National Committee in 1978 79 a research associate at the Urban Institute from 1975 to 1978 a speechwriter to Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in 1974 75 and a policy analyst at the U S Department of Health Education and Welfare from 1973 to 1975 2 Mead has written on poverty and welfare in the United States In the books he wrote between 1986 and 2004 he provided the main theoretical basis for the American welfare reform of the 1990s which required adult welfare recipients to work as a condition of aid His books have influenced welfare reform in Europe Australia and New Zealand 3 Mead has written three books coauthored one book and edited or co edited three others all on poverty and or government welfare policies Government Matters his study of welfare reform in Wisconsin was a co winner of the 2005 Louis Brownlow Book Award given by the National Academy of Public Administration 4 Mead has published dozens of articles on poverty welfare program implementation and related subjects in scholarly journals such as the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management Public Administration Review The Public Interest and the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science His book reviews and commentaries have appeared in The New York Times The Washington Post and other outlets 5 Theories on welfare and poverty edit Mead believes that welfare should be means tested so as to guide behavior in poor populations that he believes would reduce poverty According to Mead poverty is mainly found in minority groups and is caused by a lack of work ethic in their cultures He believes that entitlements form a harmful welfare culture of dependence A study by economist Stephen M Petterson did not support Mead s argument Petterson found that differences in employment between Black and White men could not be attributed to differences in willingness to work 6 7 Scholars Stanford M Lyman and Arthur J Vidich have compared Mead s idea of requiring the poor to work to an earlier theory espoused by Henry Hughes warrantism which paralleled slavery in the Antebellum South 8 9 The worldview of Blacks make them uniquely prone to attitudes contrary to work and thus vulnerable to poverty and dependence Lawrence M Mead The New Politics of Poverty The Nonworking Poor in America 1992 7 On July 21 2020 Mead published a commentary in the journal Society titled Poverty and Culture based on ideas from his 2019 book Burdens of Freedom 10 In the paper he argues that Black and Hispanic people in the United States are poor because they typically respond only weakly to chances to get ahead through education and work due to cultural differences in adapting to the United States individualist culture a culture he posits derives from Europe 11 The paper drew widespread outrage 12 13 from the academic community for perpetuating racist xenophobic and classist stereotypes 14 and multiple petitions circulated requesting a retraction 13 NYU issued a statement expressing its rejection of false prejudicial and stigmatizing assertions about the culture of communities of color in the United States in his paper 15 The journal publisher launched an investigation and on July 31 the editor in chief retracted the paper and apologized for publishing it 11 The seriously poor are mostly blacks and Hispanics and the main reason is cultural difference The great fact is that these groups did not come from Europe Fifty years after civil rights their main problem is no longer racial discrimination by other people but rather that they face an individualist culture that they are unprepared for Lawrence M Mead Poverty and Culture 2020 16 Books editBooks authored Mead Lawrence M 2019 Burdens of Freedom Princeton NJ Encounter Books ISBN 978 1641770408 Mead Lawrence M 2004 Government Matters Welfare Reform in Wisconsin Princeton NJ Princeton University Press ISBN 978 0 691 12380 6 Mead Lawrence M 1993 The New Politics of Poverty The Nonworking Poor in America New York Basic Books ISBN 978 0 465 05069 7 Mead Lawrence M 1986 Beyond Entitlement The Social Obligations of Citizenship New York Free Press ISBN 978 0 7432 2495 6 Books co authored Bane Mary Jo Mead Lawrence M 2003 Lifting Up the Poor A Dialogue on Religion Poverty amp Welfare Reform Washington DC Brookings Institution Press ISBN 978 0 8157 0791 2 Edited Mead Lawrence M Beem Christopher eds 2007 Welfare Reform and Political Theory New York Russell Sage Foundation Publications ISBN 978 0 87154 588 6 Mead Lawrence M ed 1997 The New Paternalism Supervisory Approaches to Poverty Washington DC Brookings Institution Press ISBN 978 0 8157 5651 4 Mead Lawrence M Deacon Alan eds 1997 From Welfare to Work Lessons from America London UK Institute of Economic Affairs ISBN 978 0 255 36399 0 References edit Lawrence M Mead from the New York University Department of Politics website Retrieved on May 14 2009 a b Lawrence M Mead III Curriculum Vita March 2007 Retrieved on January 19 2011 Randeep Ramesh Does Getting Tough on the Unemployed Work The Guardian June 16 2010 Academy Honors Three Books with the 2005 Louis Brownlow Award Archived 2008 11 27 at the Wayback Machine December 9 2005 from the National Academy of Public Administration website Retrieved on May 14 2009 Lawrence M Mead III Curriculum Vita March 2007 Retrieved on January 19 2011 Petterson Stephen M 1997 Are Young Black Men Really Less Willing to Work American Sociological Review 62 4 605 613 doi 10 2307 2657429 ISSN 0003 1224 JSTOR 2657429 a b Petterson Stephen M 1998 Black White Differences in Reservation Wages and Joblessness A Replication The Journal of Human Resources 33 3 758 770 doi 10 2307 146341 ISSN 0022 166X JSTOR 146341 Stanford M Lyman ed Arthur J Vidich ed Selected Works of Herbert Blumer A Public Philosophy for Mass Society Champaign Illinois University of Illinois Press 2000 pp 14 19 1 Strong Tracy B 2019 11 26 Learning One s Native Tongue Citizenship Contestation and Conflict in America University of Chicago Press ISBN 978 0 226 62336 8 Mead Lawrence 2019 Burdens of freedom cultural difference and American power First American ed New York ISBN 978 1641770408 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link a b Mead Lawrence M 2020 07 29 Poverty and Culture Society doi 10 1007 s12115 020 00496 1 ISSN 1936 4725 S2CID 220844755 Leading voice on welfare reform accused of racism www insidehighered com 28 July 2020 Retrieved 2020 07 30 a b Hundreds Call Paper Unscholarly and Racially Violent Medscape Retrieved 2020 07 30 Marcus Author Adam 2020 07 27 Hundreds petition to retract paper they call unscholarly overtly racist and full of racially violent narratives Retraction Watch Retrieved 2020 07 30 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a first has generic name help Statement From Faculty of Arts and Science and Wagner Leadership Regarding Professor Lawrence Mead NYU Retrieved July 30 2020 Mead Lawrence M 2020 07 21 Poverty and Culture Society doi 10 1007 s12115 020 00496 1 ISSN 1936 4725 S2CID 220844755 External links editAppearances on C SPAN Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lawrence Mead amp oldid 1179842470, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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