Laure was an art model in France known for her work with artist Édouard Manet. She is best known for posing as the black maid offering the white nude figure a bouquet of flowers in Manet's 1863 painting Olympia.
Little is known about Laure. She has been described as African or Caribbean and her last name is unknown. Art historian Griselda Pollock suggested that she met the artist Édouard Manet while working as a nursemaid in the Tuileries Garden in Paris. Another theory suggests that Jeanne Duval, who was in a relationship with Manet's friend Charles Baudelaire, introduced Manet and Laure. This theory was discussed by Pollock, as well as by Manet archivist Achille Tabarant.[1]
Manet's notebook, included in the 2019 exhibition Le Modèle noir, de Géricault à Matisse at the musee d'Orsay in Paris, recorded her address at 11, rue de Vintimille, 3rd floor, in Paris.
Laure très belle négresse 11 rue de Vintimille 3e
— Édouard Manet, artist's notebook
This was less than a ten-minute walk from Manet's apartment in a neighborhood inhabited by avant-garde artists and writers, as well as a "small but highly visible" black population.[1] This residence was close to Duval, who Baudelaire wrote to at 17 rue Sauffroy.[1]
Art modelingEdit
A page from Manet's notebook showing Laure's address.
Laure also appeared in Manet's painting Children in the Tuileries Garden (1861-62).[2] In both Olympia and Children in the Tuileries Garden paintings, Laure is wearing the same outfit of a pink dress with a high white collar and a madrasheadtie.[3] It is not known whether she was painted by other artists during that period.
In 1862-63, Manet painted a portrait of Laure, La Négresse, which is also known as Portrait of Laure. this painting's subtitle is "une très belle négresse."[4]
Discussion in Art HistoryEdit
Laure has not been widely studied in art history. With a few exceptions, she is presented as "ancillary" or as a part of a larger colonial theme within the painting.[1]
LegacyEdit
Manet's depictions of Laure are referenced in later works. Artists including Frédéric Bazille, Henri Matisse, and Romare Bearden quoted and referenced the Laure figure. Some artists reference Laure specifically, while others merge Laure and Olympia into one character. Laure is a figure portrayed by many black artists who bring her to the forefront as "a subject in her own right, deserving of subjectivity."[5]
Contemporary depictionsEdit
Renee Cox frequently references Laure in her works, combining or switching her and Olympia. Her works that reference Laure and Olympia include the 2001 Olympia's Boyz, which combines the characters,[6] and the 2008 Missy at Home, which art historian Tracey Walters views as a reversal of the Olympia and Laure roles. [5]
Maud Sulter has depicted Laure in many of her works, including her 1989 Phalia (Portrait of Alice Walker)[7] and her 2002 Portrait d’une négresse (Bonny Greer) and Jeanne Duval: A Melodrama. In Jeanne Duval: A Melodrama, Sulter overlay Laure in Olympia with an 1850s Nadar photograph of an unknown black model, who Sulter suggested might be Duval.[1]
Mickalene Thomas frequently references Laure in her work. Her 2012 series Une très belle négresse, which takes its name from the Portrait of Laure subtitle.[8]
Elizabeth Colomba's 2018 painting Laure (Portrait of a Negresse) depicts Laure on her way to Manet's studio. Colomba's painting was included in the exhibition Posing Modernity: The Black Model from Manet and Matisse to Today, alongside Manet's paintings of Laure, at the Wallach Art Gallery, Columbia University.[9] This exhibit, curated by Denisse Murrell, placed Laure in the spotlight, which redefined and named black women in art.[5]
GalleryEdit
Children in the Tuileries Garden (1862) by Édouard Manet
^ abcdeMurrell, D. M. (2014). Seeing Laure: Race and Modernity from Manet's "Olympia" to Matisse, Bearden and Beyond (Order No. 3607666). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1493902185).
^Jiminez, Jill Berk (2013). Dictionary of Artists' Models. Routledge. ISBN9781135959142.
^Yee, Jennifer (2016-01-01). The Colonial Comedy: Imperialism in the French Realist Novel. Oxford University Press. ISBN9780198722632.
^"Qusuquzah, une très belle négresse 1". SFMOMA. Retrieved 2022-08-05.
^ abcWalters, Tracey Lorraine (2021). Not your mother's mammy : the Black domestic worker in transatlantic women's media. New Brunswick. ISBN978-1-9788-0859-1. OCLC 1263339892.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Museum, Victoria and Albert (1989). "Phalia (Portrait of Alice Walker) | Sulter, Maud | V&A Explore The Collections". Victoria and Albert Museum: Explore the Collections. Retrieved 2022-08-05.
^"Qusuquzah, une très belle négresse 1". SFMOMA. Retrieved 2022-08-05.
^"Painter Elizabeth Colomba Is Giving Art's Hidden Figures Their Close-Up". Vogue. 10 October 2018. Retrieved 2019-02-26.
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laure, model, laure, model, france, known, work, with, artist, Édouard, manet, best, known, posing, black, maid, offering, white, nude, figure, bouquet, flowers, manet, 1863, painting, olympia, laurela, négresse, 1862, Édouard, manetbornunknownoccupationart, m. Laure was an art model in France known for her work with artist Edouard Manet She is best known for posing as the black maid offering the white nude figure a bouquet of flowers in Manet s 1863 painting Olympia LaureLa Negresse 1862 63 by Edouard ManetBornunknownOccupationArt modelYears active1859 67 art model Known forOlympia by Edouard Manet Contents 1 Biography 2 Art modeling 3 Discussion in Art History 4 Legacy 4 1 Contemporary depictions 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 ReferencesBiography EditLittle is known about Laure She has been described as African or Caribbean and her last name is unknown Art historian Griselda Pollock suggested that she met the artist Edouard Manet while working as a nursemaid in the Tuileries Garden in Paris Another theory suggests that Jeanne Duval who was in a relationship with Manet s friend Charles Baudelaire introduced Manet and Laure This theory was discussed by Pollock as well as by Manet archivist Achille Tabarant 1 Manet s notebook included in the 2019 exhibition Le Modele noir de Gericault a Matisse at the musee d Orsay in Paris recorded her address at 11 rue de Vintimille 3rd floor in Paris Laure tres belle negresse 11 rue de Vintimille 3e Edouard Manet artist s notebook This was less than a ten minute walk from Manet s apartment in a neighborhood inhabited by avant garde artists and writers as well as a small but highly visible black population 1 This residence was close to Duval who Baudelaire wrote to at 17 rue Sauffroy 1 Art modeling Edit nbsp A page from Manet s notebook showing Laure s address Laure also appeared in Manet s painting Children in the Tuileries Garden 1861 62 2 In both Olympia and Children in the Tuileries Garden paintings Laure is wearing the same outfit of a pink dress with a high white collar and a madras headtie 3 It is not known whether she was painted by other artists during that period In 1862 63 Manet painted a portrait of Laure La Negresse which is also known as Portrait of Laure this painting s subtitle is une tres belle negresse 4 Discussion in Art History EditLaure has not been widely studied in art history With a few exceptions she is presented as ancillary or as a part of a larger colonial theme within the painting 1 Legacy EditManet s depictions of Laure are referenced in later works Artists including Frederic Bazille Henri Matisse and Romare Bearden quoted and referenced the Laure figure Some artists reference Laure specifically while others merge Laure and Olympia into one character Laure is a figure portrayed by many black artists who bring her to the forefront as a subject in her own right deserving of subjectivity 5 Contemporary depictions Edit Renee Cox frequently references Laure in her works combining or switching her and Olympia Her works that reference Laure and Olympia include the 2001 Olympia s Boyz which combines the characters 6 and the 2008 Missy at Home which art historian Tracey Walters views as a reversal of the Olympia and Laure roles 5 Maud Sulter has depicted Laure in many of her works including her 1989 Phalia Portrait of Alice Walker 7 and her 2002 Portrait d une negresse Bonny Greer and Jeanne Duval A Melodrama In Jeanne Duval A Melodrama Sulter overlay Laure in Olympia with an 1850s Nadar photograph of an unknown black model who Sulter suggested might be Duval 1 Mickalene Thomas frequently references Laure in her work Her 2012 series Une tres belle negresse which takes its name from the Portrait of Laure subtitle 8 Elizabeth Colomba s 2018 painting Laure Portrait of a Negresse depicts Laure on her way to Manet s studio Colomba s painting was included in the exhibition Posing Modernity The Black Model from Manet and Matisse to Today alongside Manet s paintings of Laure at the Wallach Art Gallery Columbia University 9 This exhibit curated by Denisse Murrell placed Laure in the spotlight which redefined and named black women in art 5 Gallery Edit nbsp Children in the Tuileries Garden 1862 by Edouard Manet nbsp Olympia 1863 by Edouard Manet nbsp Le baiser enfantin 1865 by Jacques Eugene Feyen nbsp Young Woman with Peonies 1870 by Frederic BazilleSee also EditFanny Eaton Joseph art model References Edit a b c d e Murrell D M 2014 Seeing Laure Race and Modernity from Manet s Olympia to Matisse Bearden and Beyond Order No 3607666 Available from ProQuest Dissertations amp Theses Global 1493902185 Jiminez Jill Berk 2013 Dictionary of Artists Models Routledge ISBN 9781135959142 Yee Jennifer 2016 01 01 The Colonial Comedy Imperialism in the French Realist Novel Oxford University Press ISBN 9780198722632 Qusuquzah une tres belle negresse 1 SFMOMA Retrieved 2022 08 05 a b c Walters Tracey Lorraine 2021 Not your mother s mammy the Black domestic worker in transatlantic women s media New Brunswick ISBN 978 1 9788 0859 1 OCLC 1263339892 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Tulane Online Exhibits exhibits tulane edu Retrieved 2022 08 05 Museum Victoria and Albert 1989 Phalia Portrait of Alice Walker Sulter Maud V amp A Explore The Collections Victoria and Albert Museum Explore the Collections Retrieved 2022 08 05 Qusuquzah une tres belle negresse 1 SFMOMA Retrieved 2022 08 05 Painter Elizabeth Colomba Is Giving Art s Hidden Figures Their Close Up Vogue 10 October 2018 Retrieved 2019 02 26 nbsp nbsp This French biographical article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Laure art model amp oldid 1179839415, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
