Known at one time as the "San Pedro Rancho," the property featured a tile-roofed chapel (visita) and a hostel, both built by relocated Luiseño[7] and JuaneñoNative Americans, the latter for the use of traveling clergy. The buildings formed three sides of a square, 142 feet by 153 feet, all roofed with tile. A portion of the south wing had a second story, and the campanile (bell tower) was utilized as a navigational aid by early sailing ships. The chapel was visited by residents of two nearby Native American villages, Chumella and Questmille. Mission San Luis Rey was raising sheep at Las Flores as early as 1810.[8] To sustain the installation barley, maize, and wheat, were grown and cattle were grazed at nearby Las Pulgas ("the fleas"); also notable was the production of hides and tallow.[9]
Although Governor José Figueroa (who took office in 1833) initially attempted to keep the mission system intact, the Mexican Congress nevertheless passed An Act for the Secularization of the Missions of California on August 17, 1833.[10] Thereafter, the Franciscans all but abandoned the mission, taking with them most everything of value, after which the locals salvaged many of the mission buildings for construction materials. In spite of this neglect, the Luiseño Native American town at Las Flores (along with the Juaneño one at San Juan Capistrano and Luiseño one at San Dieguito) continued on for some time under a provision in GobernadorEcheandía's 1826 Proclamation that allowed for the partial conversion of missions to pueblos.[11] The site was also the scene of the April 1838 battle between the forces of Juan Bautista Alvarado and Carlos Antonio Carrillo in which the provincial governorship of Alta California was contested.
The former estancia formed part of an 1841 Mexican land grant for the "Rancho Santa Margarita y Las Flores", granted to the Pico brothers. They built a large traditional Spanish adobe on the estancia grounds, and operated a sheep ranch into the 1860s, when it failed due to drought. In 1864 Pio Pico sold the Las Flores ranch to his brother-in-law, Juan Forster, who made it part of a much larger (144,000 acres (580 km2)) ranch.[12]
The Las Flores Adobe was built in 1867-68 by Marco Forster, the son of Juan Forster. It is located on the west side of Stuart Mesa Road, near its junction with Las Pulgas Road. It is a large U-shaped structure, with a main two-story section forming one side of the U, and single-story sections forming its other elements. The two-story section is a late but high quality example of Monterey Colonial architecture, with a wood frame, plastered adobe walls, and a wooden veranda encircling it.[12] The building underwent a major restoration beginning 2001, sponsored by the Marine Corps and the Camp Pendleton Historical Society.[14] The society leads periodic tours of the site.
Carillo, Fr. J.M. (1959). The Story of Mission San Antonio de Pala. North County Printers, Oceanside, CA.
Engelhardt, Zephyrin (1922). San Juan Capistrano Mission. Standard Printing Co., Los Angeles, CA.
Engelhardt, Zephyrin (1921). San Luis Rey Mission. The James H. Barry Company, San Francisco, CA.
Kroeber, Alfred L. (1925). Handbook of the Indians of California. Dover Publications, Inc., New York, NY.
Leffingwell, Randy (2005). California Missions and Presidios: The History & Beauty of the Spanish Missions. Voyageur Press, Inc., Stillwater, MN. ISBN0-89658-492-5.
Robinson, W.W. (1948). Land in California. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA.
Yenne, Bill (2004). The Missions of California. Thunder Bay Press, San Diego, CA. ISBN1-59223-319-8.
Swanton, John (1952). The Indian Tribes of North America. Government Printing Office, Washington.
External linksedit
Camp Pendleton Historical Society
Description of Site
Las Flores' Capilla de San Pedro in ruins, circa 1900.The first recorded baptisms in Alta California were performed in "The Canyon of the Little Christians."
April 12, 2024
flores, estancia, also, known, flores, asistencia, established, 1823, estancia, station, part, spanish, missions, asistencias, estancias, system, californias, alta, california, situated, approximately, halfway, between, mission, luis, francia, mission, juan, c. The Las Flores Estancia also known as Las Flores Asistencia was established in 1823 as an estancia station It was part of the Spanish missions asistencias and estancias system in Las Californias Alta California Las Flores Estancia was situated approximately halfway between Mission San Luis Rey de Francia and Mission San Juan Capistrano It is located near Bell Canyon on the Camp Pendleton Marine Corps Base ten miles south of the City of San Clemente in northern San Diego County California The estancia is also home to the architecturally significant National Historic Landmark Las Flores Adobe completed in 1868 4 Las Flores EstanciaLas Flores San Pedro Chapel as it appeared around 1850 1 The structure along with its adjoining buildings were constructed in 1823 2 Location in CaliforniaShow map of CaliforniaLas Flores Estancia the United States Show map of the United StatesLocationnear San Clemente CaliforniaCoordinates33 17 59 81 N 117 27 39 85 W 33 2999472 N 117 4610694 W 33 2999472 117 4610694Name as foundedEstancia de la Mision de San Luis Rey de Francia 3 English translationStation of the Mission San Luis Rey de FranciaPatronSaint Peter the Apostle 3 Founding date1823 1823 Founding priest s Father Antonio PeyriMilitary districtFirstNative tribe s Spanish name s Payomkawichum Luiseno Acagchemem JuanenoNative place name s Huis ne 3 Governing bodyUnited States GovernmentCurrent useBoy Scout CampU S National Register of Historic PlacesDesignatedNovember 24 1968 4 Reference no 68000021U S National Historic LandmarkDesignatedNovember 24 1968California Historical LandmarkReference no 616 Contents 1 History 2 Las Flores Adobe 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksHistory editThe first recorded baptisms in upper Las Californias took place on July 22 1769 on the banks of a nearby stream dubbed Los Cristianos by the Spanish soldiers who accompanied the missionaries northward during the Portola expedition 5 Today the site referred to more commonly as La Canada de los Bautismos literally The Gorge of the Baptisms or simply Los Christianitos The Little Christians located at 33 25 41 58 N 117 36 34 92 W 33 4282167 N 117 6097000 W 33 4282167 117 6097000 is designated as California Historical Landmark 6 Known at one time as the San Pedro Rancho the property featured a tile roofed chapel visita and a hostel both built by relocated Luiseno 7 and Juaneno Native Americans the latter for the use of traveling clergy The buildings formed three sides of a square 142 feet by 153 feet all roofed with tile A portion of the south wing had a second story and the campanile bell tower was utilized as a navigational aid by early sailing ships The chapel was visited by residents of two nearby Native American villages Chumella and Questmille Mission San Luis Rey was raising sheep at Las Flores as early as 1810 8 To sustain the installation barley maize and wheat were grown and cattle were grazed at nearby Las Pulgas the fleas also notable was the production of hides and tallow 9 Although Governor Jose Figueroa who took office in 1833 initially attempted to keep the mission system intact the Mexican Congress nevertheless passed An Act for the Secularization of the Missions of California on August 17 1833 10 Thereafter the Franciscans all but abandoned the mission taking with them most everything of value after which the locals salvaged many of the mission buildings for construction materials In spite of this neglect the Luiseno Native American town at Las Flores along with the Juaneno one at San Juan Capistrano and Luiseno one at San Dieguito continued on for some time under a provision in Gobernador Echeandia s 1826 Proclamation that allowed for the partial conversion of missions to pueblos 11 The site was also the scene of the April 1838 battle between the forces of Juan Bautista Alvarado and Carlos Antonio Carrillo in which the provincial governorship of Alta California was contested The former estancia formed part of an 1841 Mexican land grant for the Rancho Santa Margarita y Las Flores granted to the Pico brothers They built a large traditional Spanish adobe on the estancia grounds and operated a sheep ranch into the 1860s when it failed due to drought In 1864 Pio Pico sold the Las Flores ranch to his brother in law Juan Forster who made it part of a much larger 144 000 acres 580 km2 ranch 12 nbsp Las Flores Estancia and the location of the missions at San Juan Capistrano San Luis Rey and Pala along with the Santa Ana Estancia are shown above Also shown are the territorial boundaries of the Southern California Indian tribes based on dialect including the Cahuilla Cupeno Diegueno Gabrielino Juaneno and Luiseno language groups 13 The ranch was acquired in 1941 by the United States Government when it established the United States Marine Corps Camp Pendleton The government subsequently leased 46 acres 19 ha around the estancia to the Boy Scouts of America 12 In 1974 the Boy Scouts constructed a camp Rancho Las Flores on the property which is visited by thousands of scouts and other youth annually Las Flores Adobe editThe Las Flores Adobe was built in 1867 68 by Marco Forster the son of Juan Forster It is located on the west side of Stuart Mesa Road near its junction with Las Pulgas Road It is a large U shaped structure with a main two story section forming one side of the U and single story sections forming its other elements The two story section is a late but high quality example of Monterey Colonial architecture with a wood frame plastered adobe walls and a wooden veranda encircling it 12 The building underwent a major restoration beginning 2001 sponsored by the Marine Corps and the Camp Pendleton Historical Society 14 The society leads periodic tours of the site See also editList of Spanish missions in California San Antonio de Pala Asistencia Luiseno Mission Indians California mission clash of cultures Mission San Juan Capistrano Mission San Luis Rey de Francia List of National Historic Landmarks in California National Register of Historic Places in San Diego County CaliforniaNotes edit Carillo p 10 Engelhardt 1921 p 36 a b c Ruscin p 159 a b NHL Summary Archived 2007 11 14 at the Wayback Machine Leffingwell p 25 562 Swanton pps 488 90 498 99 Engelhardt 1921 p 22 Engelhardt 1922 p 258 Yenne p 19 Robinson p 42 a b c NHL nomination for Las Flores Adobe National Park Service Retrieved January 25 2018 After Kroeber 1925 Las Flores Adobe Camp Pendleton Historical Society Retrieved January 25 2018 References editCarillo Fr J M 1959 The Story of Mission San Antonio de Pala North County Printers Oceanside CA Engelhardt Zephyrin 1922 San Juan Capistrano Mission Standard Printing Co Los Angeles CA Engelhardt Zephyrin 1921 San Luis Rey Mission The James H Barry Company San Francisco CA Kroeber Alfred L 1925 Handbook of the Indians of California Dover Publications Inc New York NY Leffingwell Randy 2005 California Missions and Presidios The History amp Beauty of the Spanish Missions Voyageur Press Inc Stillwater MN ISBN 0 89658 492 5 Robinson W W 1948 Land in California University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles CA Ruscin Terry 1999 Mission Memoirs San Diego Sunbelt Publications ISBN 0 932653 30 8 Yenne Bill 2004 The Missions of California Thunder Bay Press San Diego CA ISBN 1 59223 319 8 Swanton John 1952 The Indian Tribes of North America Government Printing Office Washington External links editCamp Pendleton Historical Society Description of Site nbsp Las Flores Capilla de San Pedro in ruins circa 1900 nbsp The first recorded baptisms in Alta California were performed in The Canyon of the Little Christians Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Las Flores Estancia amp oldid 1208741443, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
