This article is about trucks with a gross combination mass of over 3500 kg. For smaller commercial vehicles (vans), see Light commercial vehicle.
A large goods vehicle (LGV), or heavy goods vehicle (HGV), in the European Union (EU) is any lorry with a gross combination mass (GCM) of over 3,500 kg (7,716 lb).[1] Sub-category N2 is used for vehicles between 3,500 kg and 12,000 kg (26,455 lb) and N3 for all goods vehicles over 12,000 kg as defined in Directive 2001/116/EC. The term medium goods vehicle is used within parts of the UK government to refer to goods vehicles of between 3,500 and 7,500 kg which according to the EU are also "large goods vehicles."[2]
Commercial carrier vehicles of up to 3,500 kg are referred to as light commercial vehicles and come into category N1. Parts of the UK government also refer to these smaller vehicles as "large goods vehicles" (also abbreviated "LGV").[3]
To cross country borders in the EU, LGVs must not exceed 44 tonnes laden weight or longer than 18.75 m (61.5 ft), but longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs) are used within some EU countries, where they are known as Gigaliner, EuroCombi, EcoLiner, innovative commercial vehicle, mega-truck, and under other names. They are typically 25.25 metres (82.8 ft) long and weigh up to 70 tonnes, and the implications of allowing them to cross boundaries was considered in 2011.[4]
Category C1 allows the holder to drive a large goods vehicle with a maximum authorized mass (gross vehicle weight) of up to 7,500 kg (16,535 lb) with a trailer having a maximum authorized mass of up to 750 kg (1,653 lb). This license can be obtained at 18 years of age[5] and is the replacement for the HGV Class 3 in the UK (the old HGV Class 3 being any two-axle goods vehicle over 7,500 kg).[6]
Category C1+E allows the holder to drive a large goods vehicle with a maximum authorized mass (gross vehicle weight) of up to 7,500 kg with a trailer over 750 kg maximum authorized mass, provided that the maximum authorized mass of the trailer does not exceed the unladen mass of the vehicle being driven, and provided that the combined maximum authorized mass of both the vehicle and trailer does not exceed 12,000 kg (26,455 lb).[5]
Category C allows the holder to drive any large goods vehicle with a trailer having a maximum authorized mass of up to 750 kg.[5] This is effectively the new GV Class 2 in the UK, the old HGV Class 2 being any rigid goods vehicle with more than two axles. A driver can commence training for a Category C license from 18 years old.[7]
Category C+E: allows the holder to drive any large goods vehicle with a trailer having a maximum authorized mass of over 750 kg.[5] This license could only be obtained after 6 months' experience with a Class 2 truck, but more recently the law has changed so that it is now possible to take the tests back-to-back (Category C first then C+E the following week). This is the new Class 1 licence.
Operator Licensing Operation of heavy goods vehicles for commercial reasons in European Union requires an operator's license. This allows member states to regulate companies operating these vehicles enforcing number of safety requirements which includes driver's hours regulations and vehicle safety standards.
UKEdit
Drivers who passed a Category B (car) test before January 1, 1997 will have received Categories C1 and C1+E (Restriction Code 107: not more than 8,250 kg [18,188 lb]) through the Implied Rights issued by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) (more commonly known as Grandfather Rights). All UK LGV license holders must undergo a strict medical examination and eye test on application at age 45 and every 5 years thereafter. On reaching 65 years of age, a medical examination must be performed on an annual basis.[8]
CanadaEdit
In the Canadian province of Ontario, drivers holding a Full Class AZ license can drive any truck/tractor trailer combination, a combination of motor vehicle and towed vehicles where the towed vehicles exceed a total gross weight of 4,600 kg (10,100 lb) and has air brakes, or a vehicle pulling double trailers.[9] Drivers holding a Class B (school bus), C (regular bus) or D (heavy truck) license can drive a truck with a gross weight or registered gross weight exceeding 11,000 kg (24,000 lb) or any truck and trailer combination exceeding 11,000 kg gross weight or registered gross weight provided the towed vehicle is not over 4,600 kg.
There are four classes of heavy vehicle license: 2, 3, 4 and 5. Classes 1 and 6 are for light vehicles and motorcycles, respectively. The classes describe the characteristics of the vehicle, the weight limits, and the maximum number of axles.
Drivers must begin with a class 2 (medium rigid vehicle) learner license[10] before progressing to a class 3 medium combination vehicle license or a class 4 heavy rigid vehicle license. A class 5 (heavy combination vehicle) license can only be earned after driving with a class 4 license for a specific timeframe (depending on age) or completing an accelerated course.
As New Zealand has a graduated driver licensing system, drivers must pass a theory test before being allowed to drive on the road. They can then drive with a supervisor for 6 months followed by a practical test, or they can complete an accelerated heavy vehicle course.[11]
SafetyEdit
LGVs and their drivers are covered by strict regulations in many jurisdictions. For example, to improve safety, limit weight to that which will not excessively wear the transport infrastructure (roads, bridges, etc.). The heavy weight of these vehicles leads to severe consequences for other road users in crashes; they are over-involved in fatal crashes,[1] and in a 2013 study in London, were found to cause a disproportionate number of the annual casualty toll of cyclists.[12]
In the United Kingdom, the related term Ordinary Goods Vehicle (OGV) is used for medium and large goods vehicles. The Department for Transport COBA 7 scheme[13] divides this into OGV1 (with up to three axles) and OGV2 (with four or more axles).[14]
^ ab"Heavy goods vehicles". European Commission, Mobility and Transport, Road Safety. 19 March 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
^"Towing trailers with medium sized vehicles between 3.5 and 7.5 tonnes". DirectGov.
^"The cost of vehicle tax". DirectGov. The cost of vehicle tax for cars, motorcycles, light goods vehicles and trade licences. Tax classes include: private/large goods vehicles, motorcycles and tricycles[…] The cost of vehicle tax for buses and larger vehicles. Tax classes include buses, reduced pollution buses, general haulage, reduced pollution general haulage, recovery vehicles and private HGV
^"Position Paper: Longer and Heavier Vehicles" (PDF). European Transport Safety Council. 17 May 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
^ abcd"The vehicles you can drive or ride and minimum ages". DirectGov.
^. Trans Tech Group. Archived from the original on 3 November 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
^"Provisional HGV Licence - How To Apply". TrainingMentor.co.uk. 29 November 2017. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
^"Applying for a provisional HGV licence". TrainingMentor. 23 January 2009. Retrieved 13 November 2009.
^"Licence Types". Government of Ontario - Ministry of Transportation. MTO.gov.on.ca. 23 January 2009. Retrieved 13 November 2009.
^"Class 2 heavy vehicle licence". Retrieved 31 August 2017.
^"Approved heavy vehicle courses". NZ Transport Agency. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
^Lydall, Ross (26 April 2013). "Police stop and search lorries to cut cycle deaths". London Evening Standard. p. 1.
^Department for Transport - WebTag Unit 3.1 Highway Assignment Modelling
Lorry sizes and weights UK House of Commons briefing paper
Weights and dimensions / vehicle plating
The different sizes of lorries and weights in the UK
88/77/EEC of 3 December 1987 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the measures to be taken against the emission of gaseous pollutants from diesel engines for use in vehicles EUR-Lex, European Union law Web site
large, goods, vehicle, this, article, about, trucks, with, gross, combination, mass, over, 3500, smaller, commercial, vehicles, vans, light, commercial, vehicle, large, goods, vehicle, heavy, goods, vehicle, european, union, lorry, with, gross, combination, ma. This article is about trucks with a gross combination mass of over 3500 kg For smaller commercial vehicles vans see Light commercial vehicle A large goods vehicle LGV or heavy goods vehicle HGV in the European Union EU is any lorry with a gross combination mass GCM of over 3 500 kg 7 716 lb 1 Sub category N2 is used for vehicles between 3 500 kg and 12 000 kg 26 455 lb and N3 for all goods vehicles over 12 000 kg as defined in Directive 2001 116 EC The term medium goods vehicle is used within parts of the UK government to refer to goods vehicles of between 3 500 and 7 500 kg which according to the EU are also large goods vehicles 2 Mercedes Benz Actros is an example of large goods vehicleCommercial carrier vehicles of up to 3 500 kg are referred to as light commercial vehicles and come into category N1 Parts of the UK government also refer to these smaller vehicles as large goods vehicles also abbreviated LGV 3 To cross country borders in the EU LGVs must not exceed 44 tonnes laden weight or longer than 18 75 m 61 5 ft but longer and heavier vehicles LHVs are used within some EU countries where they are known as Gigaliner EuroCombi EcoLiner innovative commercial vehicle mega truck and under other names They are typically 25 25 metres 82 8 ft long and weigh up to 70 tonnes and the implications of allowing them to cross boundaries was considered in 2011 4 Contents 1 Driver licensing 1 1 European Union 1 2 UK 1 3 Canada 1 4 New Zealand 2 Safety 3 Manufacturers 4 Ordinary goods vehicle 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksDriver licensing EditEuropean Union Edit It is necessary to have an appropriate European driving license to drive a large goods vehicle in the European Union There are four categories Category C1 allows the holder to drive a large goods vehicle with a maximum authorized mass gross vehicle weight of up to 7 500 kg 16 535 lb with a trailer having a maximum authorized mass of up to 750 kg 1 653 lb This license can be obtained at 18 years of age 5 and is the replacement for the HGV Class 3 in the UK the old HGV Class 3 being any two axle goods vehicle over 7 500 kg 6 Category C1 E allows the holder to drive a large goods vehicle with a maximum authorized mass gross vehicle weight of up to 7 500 kg with a trailer over 750 kg maximum authorized mass provided that the maximum authorized mass of the trailer does not exceed the unladen mass of the vehicle being driven and provided that the combined maximum authorized mass of both the vehicle and trailer does not exceed 12 000 kg 26 455 lb 5 Category C allows the holder to drive any large goods vehicle with a trailer having a maximum authorized mass of up to 750 kg 5 This is effectively the new GV Class 2 in the UK the old HGV Class 2 being any rigid goods vehicle with more than two axles A driver can commence training for a Category C license from 18 years old 7 Category C E allows the holder to drive any large goods vehicle with a trailer having a maximum authorized mass of over 750 kg 5 This license could only be obtained after 6 months experience with a Class 2 truck but more recently the law has changed so that it is now possible to take the tests back to back Category C first then C E the following week This is the new Class 1 licence Operator Licensing Operation of heavy goods vehicles for commercial reasons in European Union requires an operator s license This allows member states to regulate companies operating these vehicles enforcing number of safety requirements which includes driver s hours regulations and vehicle safety standards UK Edit Drivers who passed a Category B car test before January 1 1997 will have received Categories C1 and C1 E Restriction Code 107 not more than 8 250 kg 18 188 lb through the Implied Rights issued by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency DVLA more commonly known as Grandfather Rights All UK LGV license holders must undergo a strict medical examination and eye test on application at age 45 and every 5 years thereafter On reaching 65 years of age a medical examination must be performed on an annual basis 8 Canada Edit In the Canadian province of Ontario drivers holding a Full Class AZ license can drive any truck tractor trailer combination a combination of motor vehicle and towed vehicles where the towed vehicles exceed a total gross weight of 4 600 kg 10 100 lb and has air brakes or a vehicle pulling double trailers 9 Drivers holding a Class B school bus C regular bus or D heavy truck license can drive a truck with a gross weight or registered gross weight exceeding 11 000 kg 24 000 lb or any truck and trailer combination exceeding 11 000 kg gross weight or registered gross weight provided the towed vehicle is not over 4 600 kg New Zealand Edit Main article Driving licence in New Zealand There are four classes of heavy vehicle license 2 3 4 and 5 Classes 1 and 6 are for light vehicles and motorcycles respectively The classes describe the characteristics of the vehicle the weight limits and the maximum number of axles Drivers must begin with a class 2 medium rigid vehicle learner license 10 before progressing to a class 3 medium combination vehicle license or a class 4 heavy rigid vehicle license A class 5 heavy combination vehicle license can only be earned after driving with a class 4 license for a specific timeframe depending on age or completing an accelerated course As New Zealand has a graduated driver licensing system drivers must pass a theory test before being allowed to drive on the road They can then drive with a supervisor for 6 months followed by a practical test or they can complete an accelerated heavy vehicle course 11 Safety EditLGVs and their drivers are covered by strict regulations in many jurisdictions For example to improve safety limit weight to that which will not excessively wear the transport infrastructure roads bridges etc The heavy weight of these vehicles leads to severe consequences for other road users in crashes they are over involved in fatal crashes 1 and in a 2013 study in London were found to cause a disproportionate number of the annual casualty toll of cyclists 12 Manufacturers EditCurrent Daimler AG with subsidiaries BharatBenz Mercedes Benz Freightliner Mitsubishi Fuso Western Star Paccar with subsidiaries DAF Kenworth Leyland Trucks Peterbilt Traton Group with subsidiaries MAN Truck amp Bus Navistar International Scania Trucks amp Buses Volkswagen Caminhoes e Onibus Volvo Group with subsidiaries Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles 45 Mack Trucks Renault Trucks UD Trucks Volvo Trucks HyundaiOrdinary goods vehicle EditIn the United Kingdom the related term Ordinary Goods Vehicle OGV is used for medium and large goods vehicles The Department for Transport COBA 7 scheme 13 divides this into OGV1 with up to three axles and OGV2 with four or more axles 14 See also Edit Transport portalCommercial vehicle Light commercial vehicle Light truck Longer Heavier VehicleReferences Edit a b Heavy goods vehicles European Commission Mobility and Transport Road Safety 19 March 2015 Retrieved 2 August 2016 Towing trailers with medium sized vehicles between 3 5 and 7 5 tonnes DirectGov The cost of vehicle tax DirectGov The cost of vehicle tax for cars motorcycles light goods vehicles and trade licences Tax classes include private large goods vehicles motorcycles and tricycles The cost of vehicle tax for buses and larger vehicles Tax classes include buses reduced pollution buses general haulage reduced pollution general haulage recovery vehicles and private HGV Position Paper Longer and Heavier Vehicles PDF European Transport Safety Council 17 May 2011 Retrieved 2 August 2016 a b c d The vehicles you can drive or ride and minimum ages DirectGov HGV and LGV nationwide training Trans Tech Group Archived from the original on 3 November 2015 Retrieved 24 September 2020 Provisional HGV Licence How To Apply TrainingMentor co uk 29 November 2017 Retrieved 15 July 2020 Applying for a provisional HGV licence TrainingMentor 23 January 2009 Retrieved 13 November 2009 Licence Types Government of Ontario Ministry of Transportation MTO gov on ca 23 January 2009 Retrieved 13 November 2009 Class 2 heavy vehicle licence Retrieved 31 August 2017 Approved heavy vehicle courses NZ Transport Agency Retrieved 31 August 2017 Lydall Ross 26 April 2013 Police stop and search lorries to cut cycle deaths London Evening Standard p 1 Department for Transport WebTag Unit 3 1 Highway Assignment Modelling Video Datapad http www videodatapad com faq standard uk vehicle classificationExternal links EditLorry sizes and weights UK House of Commons briefing paper Weights and dimensions vehicle plating The different sizes of lorries and weights in the UK 88 77 EEC of 3 December 1987 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the measures to be taken against the emission of gaseous pollutants from diesel engines for use in vehicles EUR Lex European Union law Web site Ontario Ministry of Transportation Licence Types 1 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Large goods vehicle amp oldid 1172123892, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
