Labour Party (Argentina)
The Labour Party (Spanish: Partido Laborista) is a populist political party in Argentina.
Labour Party Partido Laborista | |
|---|---|
| Founder | Juan Perón |
| Founded | October 24, 1945 (first) 1957 (second) 2016 (third) |
| Dissolved | July 1947 (first) 1965 (second) |
| Merger of | Nationalist Liberation Alliance Socialist Party |
| Merged into | Peronist Party |
| Headquarters | Buenos Aires |
| Newspaper | El Laborista |
| Ideology | Orthodox Peronism (third)[1] Labourism Nationalism Corporatism Protectionism Developmentalism Populism |
| Political position | Far-right[2] |
| National affiliation | Principles and Values |
| Colours | Blue and white |
History edit
The party was founded by Peronist trade union leaders at the end of October 1945. The party organization was built up around the Peronist unions, and most of its representatives in different elected offices had been recruited from the ranks of the trade union movements. The party was led by an Organizing Committee with 52 members. The party had little structure of its own, and its popularity was mainly dependent on being identified with Juan Perón.[3] Luis Gay, of the telephone workers union, was the general secretary of the party. Another prominent trade union leader taking part in the founding of the party was Cipriano Reyes (a leader of the meat-packers union). Reyes became vice president of the party. The party published El Laborista.[4][5][6]
Just a few months before the founding of the party, the British Labour Party had won a resounding election victory. The Argentinian party name was borrowed from the British party, and the Argentinian party organization was modelled after its British counterpart (with unions as an integral party organization).[7]
The presidential and parliamentary elections held in February 1946 resulted in a major success for the Labour Party. The party was responsible for mobilizing most of the votes for Juan Perón. It also gained a majority in both chambers of parliament. The party maintained a stance of critical support to the government of Perón. The party called for nationalizations, social welfare, women's suffrage and land reform.[3][5] Moreover, the party criticized limitations on the freedom of the press.[8] Perón kept a certain distance from the Labour Party, favouring Radicals and dissident conservatives for the most important positions.[9]
In mid-1946 Perón ordered that the three parties that had supported his candidacy be dissolved into a unity party, Partido Único de la Revolución. The laboristas initially rejected the idea of a merger into the unity party (which in 1947 was renamed the Peronist Party).[9] However, in July 1947 it decided to dissolve itself and called on its members to join the Peronist Party as its 'labour nucleus'.[8] After the Labour Party had been disbanded, its former leaders (such as Reyes) suffered from government repression.[10]
Following the Revolución Libertadora, in 1957 Cipriano Reyes refounded the party. It participated in the 1957 Argentine Constitutional Assembly election, as well as elections in 1960, 1963, and 1965, before being dissolved again.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Guido Berrini (21 July 2023). "PASO 2023: estos son los precandidatos a presidente que no conoce casi nadie". Tiempo de San Juan.
- ^ Lansford, Tom (2017-03-31). Political Handbook of the World 2016-2017. CQ Press. ISBN 978-1-5063-2715-0. Retrieved 2024-01-18.
- ^ a b Bergquist, Charles W. Labor in Latin America: Comparative Essays on Chile, Argentina, Venezuela, and Colombia. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1986. pp. 169-172
- ^ James, Daniel. Resistance and Integration: Peronism and the Argentine Working Class, 1946-1976. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. pp. 17, 267
- ^ a b Mcguire, James W. Peronism Without Peron: Unions, Parties, and Democracy in Argentina. Stanford: Stanford Univ Press, 1999. p. 60
- ^ Alexander, Robert Jackson. A History of Organized Labor in Argentina. Westport, Conn. : Praeger, 2003. p. 96
- ^ Alexander, Robert Jackson. A History of Organized Labor in Argentina. Westport, Conn. : Praeger, 2003. pp. 86-87
- ^ a b Tcach Abad, César. Sabattinismo y peronismo: partidos políticos en Córdoba, 1943-1955. Colección Argentina contemporánea. Buenos Aires: Editorial Biblos, 2006. pp. 109-110 (in Spanish)
- ^ a b Mainwaring, Scott, and Timothy Scully. Building Democratic Institutions: Party Systems in Latin America. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1995. pp. 209-210
- ^ Bethell, Leslie, and Ian Roxborough. Latin America between the Second World War and the Cold War, 1944 - 1948. Cambridge, UK ;Melbourne, Australia ;New York, NY: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997. p. 117