La Wally
La Wally is an opera in four acts by composer Alfredo Catalani, to a libretto by Luigi Illica, first performed at La Scala, Milan, on 20 January 1892. It was Catalani's last opera.[1]
| La Wally | |
|---|---|
| Opera by Alfredo Catalani | |
Cover of the vocal score published by Ricordi | |
| Librettist | Luigi Illica |
| Premiere | 20 January 1892 La Scala, Milan |
The libretto is based on a hugely successful Heimatroman by Wilhelmine von Hillern (1836–1916), Die Geier-Wally, Eine Geschichte aus den Tyroler Alpen (The Vulture Wally: A Story from the Tyrolean Alps). Wally, short for Walburga, is a girl with some heroic attributes. The story is based on an episode in the life of Tyrolean painter Anna Stainer-Knittel, whom von Hillern met. She got her epithet "Geier" (vulture, the local name for eagle), from having gutted an eagles' nest going down a rope; this dangerous task, aimed at protecting the sheep in the Alpine village, was typically performed by a man.
Von Hillern's piece was originally serialized in Deutsche Rundschau and was reproduced in English as "A German Peasant Romance"[2] in the Cornhill Magazine in 1875.
The opera is best known for its aria "Ebben? Ne andrò lontana" ("Well, then? I'll go far away," act 1, sung when Wally decides to leave her home forever). American soprano Wilhelmenia Fernandez sang this aria in Jean-Jacques Beineix's 1981 movie Diva – a performance at the heart of the thriller. Catalani had composed this aria independently as "Chanson Groënlandaise" in 1878 and later incorporated it into his opera.
The opera features a memorable operatic death in which the heroine throws herself into an avalanche. It is seldom performed, partly because of the difficulty of staging this scene, but Wally's principal aria is still sung frequently.
Roles
| Role | Voice type | Premiere cast, 20 January 1892 Conductor: Edoardo Mascheroni |
|---|---|---|
| Wally | soprano | Hariclea Darclée |
| Stromminger, Wally's father | bass | Ettore Brancoleoni |
| Afra, innkeeper | mezzo-soprano | Virginia Guerrini |
| Walter | soprano | Adelina Stehle |
| Giuseppe Hagenbach, a hunter | tenor | Manuel Suanges |
| Vincenzo Gellner, Stromminger's estate manager | baritone | Arturo Pessina |
| Chorus: Tyroleans, shepherds, peasants, hunters, old women, village children. | ||
Synopsis
The story is set in the Austrian Tyrol where the free-spirited but vulnerable Wally is in love with the handsome Giuseppe Hagenbach, but her father, Stromminger, wants her to marry Vincenzo Gellner. The opera concludes with Hagenbach and Wally pledging their love for each other, but being killed by an avalanche.[1]
Act 1
The village of Hochstoff
A shooting contest is being held in celebration of the 70th birthday of Wally's father, Stromminger. A hunting party arrives from the nearby village of Sölden led by Hagenbach. Old enmities quickly surface and a quarrel develops between Stromminger and Hagenbach, who trade threats and insults before Hagenbach is drawn away by his companions.
Vincenzo Gellner has his own heart set on Wally and is quick to notice that during the quarrel she is clearly infatuated with her father's enemy. When left alone with Stromminger, he tells the old man of his suspicions. Recognising that Gellner is in love with his daughter, he insists that Wally agree to marry him within a month or else leave his house forever. Wally retorts that she would rather take her chances in the Alpine snows than marry Gellner.
Act 2
The Eagle Tavern at Sölden
A year has passed; Stromminger has died and Wally has inherited his fortune. However, Hagenbach has become engaged to Afra, the landlady of the Eagle Tavern, and is apparently not interested in Wally.
A festival is taking place in Sölden and Wally is drawn to the tavern knowing that Hagenbach will be there. Hagenbach is persuaded to accept a challenge to try to win a kiss from Wally. What begins as a game quickly develops into something more serious, and Hagenbach easily wins his wager. When Wally realises she has been the victim of a cynical bet, her jealousy and fury boil over. She turns to Gellner, who is also at the festival, and insists that if he loves her he must kill Hagenbach.
Act 3
A ravine
La Wally returns to her home. The anger she felt has now subsided and she wishes she could take back her words. At that moment there is a knock at her door. It is Gellner, who describes how under cover of darkness he was able to set upon Hagenbach and hurl him into a deep ravine.
Wally is horrified and hurries to the ravine in the hope of saving Hagenbach, even though she believes he loves Afra. She herself goes down a rope to rescue him and successfully raises his unconscious body back to the surface.
Act 4
High in the Alps
Lonely and depressed, Wally has climbed into the mountains above the village. Her only friend, Walter, has followed and urges her to come down for the Christmas festivities and reminds her of the dangers of avalanches. She sends him away and contemplates her imminent death.
Wally hears another voice. It is Hagenbach, who has recovered from his injuries and come to confess his love. The lovers are reconciled and Hagenbach goes to find a safe path back down the mountain. He shouts up to Wally, but the noise of his call sets off an avalanche which carries him away. Wally stands for a moment on the edge of the precipice before hurling herself down to her death.
Recordings
- 1960: Renata Tebaldi, Giacinto Prandelli, Silvio Majonica, Pinuccia Perotti, conducted by Arturo Basile (CD, Hommage GmbH Musikproduktion und Verlag)
- 1968: Renata Tebaldi, Mario Del Monaco, Piero Cappuccilli, Justino Díaz, conducted by Fausto Cleva (CD, Decca)
- 1972: Magda Olivero, Nicola Zaccaria, Laura Zanini, Ida Farina, Amadeo Zambon, Silvano Carroli, Giovanni Foiani, conducted by Ferruccio Scaglia Orchestra and Chrous Teatro Donizetti, Bergamo, Italy, 1972 (CD, Opera D'Oro, 2006)
- 1989: Éva Marton, Francisco Araiza, Alan Titus, Francesco Ellero d'Artegna, conducted by Pinchas Steinberg (CD, Eurodisc)
- 2014: Susanna von der Burg, Paulo Ferreira, Marc Kugel, Bernd Valentin, Susanne Langbein, Chor des Tiroler Landestheater Innsbruck, Tiroler Symphonieorchester Innsbruck, conducted by Alexander Rumpf (DVD Video, Capriccio, C95000)
Film
- La Wally (dir. Guido Brignone, 1932)
References
Notes
- ^ a b Giorgio Bagnoli (1993). The La Scala Encyclopedia of the Opera. Simon and Schuster. p. 368. ISBN 9780671870423.
- ^ "A German Peasant Romance", The Cornhill Magazine, vol. 32, July 1875
Sources
- Giradi, Michele, "Wally, La" in Stanley Sadie, (ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, vol. 4, pp. 1096–1097. London: Macmillan, 1998 ISBN 0-333-73432-7 ISBN 1-56159-228-5
- Holden, Amanda (Ed.), The New Penguin Opera Guide, p. 155. New York: Penguin Putnam, 2001. ISBN 0-14-029312-4
- Lascelles, George; Peattie, Antony; The New Kobbe's Opera Book ISBN 0-09-181410-3
External links
- La Wally: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
- Detailed plot on Spike's World
- Libretto in Italian
- Libretto in Italian at Libretti d'Opera website
- Libretto in Italian with Spanish translation
- "Ebben? Ne andro lontana" on YouTube sung by Renata Tebaldi in 1969 and conducted by Fausto Cleva