Kyaymyin Mibaya
Kyaymyin Mibaya (Burmese: ကြေးမြှင် မိဖုရား; c. 1852 – 1923) was a queen of the fourth rank of King Mindon of the Konbaung dynasty of Myanmar (Burma). She was the youngest, last and richest queen of King Mindon, who had 45 queens in total.[3][4][5] She was one of the queens of the Royal Treasury (ရွှေတိုက်စာရင်းဝင် မိဖုရား).[1]
| Kyaymyin Mibaya | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kyaymyin Mibaya | |||||
| Mibaya of Kyaymyin | |||||
| Tenure | ? — 1 October 1878 | ||||
| Born | Ma Ma Khin[1] c. 1852[note 1][2] Yenangyaung, Burma | ||||
| Died | 1923 (aged 70–71) British Burma | ||||
| Spouse | Mindon Min | ||||
| Issue | Pyinmana Prince | ||||
| |||||
| House | Konbaung (by marriage) | ||||
| Father | U So | ||||
| Mother | Daw Cho | ||||
| Religion | Buddhism | ||||
Life Edit
The future queen was born into the yenan-twin yo (ရေနံတွင်းရိုး) noble family line that held the royal grant to exploit the oil wells in Burma. The family held a document, the "Nawarat Yaung-zon Kyan" (နဝရတ်ရောင်စုံကျမ်း), that recounted their lineage back over 500 years to the Pagan period.[6] She was a daughter of Thado Mingyi Maha Minhla Mingaung U So, who was the Minister of Horse Affairs and Duke of Yenangyaung, and Wunkadaw Daw Cho.[7] During the reign of King Mindon, she was promoted to the rank of queen while serving as a senior lady-in-waiting of the Glass Palace (မှန်နန်း အပျိုတော်ကြီး).[1] Because he was interested in marrying into a yenan-twin yo family, the king decided to raise Kyaymyin to a fourth-rank queen. She received Kyaymyin circle as her appanage.[8] Kyaymyin gave birth to a son who was named Pyinmana Prince. King Mindon ordered the Minister of Yenangyaung to give oil wells to his son as a goodwill present.[1][9] Kyaymyin and her son escaped the palace massacre in which over 100 members of the royal family were murdered on the order of Hsinbyumashin.[5]
After the fall of the Konbaung dynasty, the British government removed Kyaymyin and her son out of the Mandalay Palace in February 1886. Because the queen's oil business was earning between 6,000 and 10,000 kyats a month, she was the wealthiest of King Mindon's queens. She owned 1,000 acres of land.[10] She built a large mansion worth more than 100,000 kyats in Mandalay (that was destroyed by bombing during World War II).[10] She also renovated the Kyaymyin Monastery, originally built by the village head of Yandabo in 1878.[11] She also donated to the Nghet-Twin Gyaung Monastery (ပထမ ငှက်တွင်းချောင်) in Sagaing. The British government confiscated 120 boreholes owned by King Mindon and Kyaymyin Mibaya and leased them to Burmah Oil.[10] Kyaymyin died in 1923 at the age of 73.[10][12]
Notes Edit
- ^ (Colbeck 1892: 81) says the queen was 35 when he met her on 30 May 1886. However, it does not state how he learned the age of the queen--e.g., by deriving from her birth date, or by asking her how old she was. In traditional Burmese age reckoning, the age of 35 means one's 35th year, or 34 years old in Western reckoning.
References Edit
- ^ a b c d e Konbaung Alon (Beyond Konbaung). Maung Than Swe. 2005. p. 535.
- ^ Konbaung Alon (Beyond Konbaung). Maung Than Swe. 2005. p. 541.
- ^ "မင်းတုန်းမင်းခေတ်နဲ့ ဘာတွေတူသလဲ ၅ ချက်". BBC News မြန်မာ (in Burmese). 3 October 2018.
- ^ Thamine Pale Thwe (History Pearl). U Sein Maung Oo (Archaeology). 2005. p. 122.
- ^ a b Burmese Encyclopedia Volume 10 (in Burmese). Sarpay Beikman. 1954. p. 24.
- ^ Konbaung Alon (Beyond Konbaung). Maung Than Swe. 2005. p. 532.
- ^ Tuiʺ, Taṅʻ Nuiṅʻ (2005). Rājavaṅʻ thai ka ʾa ṅraṅʻ ̋pvā ̋ca rā myā ̋ (in Burmese). Yuṃ kraññʻ khyakʻ Cā pe.
- ^ Tuiʺ, Taṅʻ Nuiṅʻ (2002). Nvamʻʺ lya mālā, vuiʺ ta vāʺ ʾanāgatʻ, nhaṅʻʹ pā toʻ mū prīʺ ca Mantaleʺ (in Burmese). Yuṃ kraññʻ khyakʻ Cā pe.
- ^ Colbeck, James Alfred (1892). Letters from Mandalay: Written 1878-79. Together with Letters Written During the Burmese Campaign of 1885-88. Knaresborough: Alfred W. Lowe.
- ^ a b c d Konbaung Alon (Beyond Konbaung). Maung Than Swe. 2005. p. 557.
- ^ "Hidden History: Century-Old Monasteries in Mandalay". The Irrawaddy. 4 September 2018.
- ^ Konbaung Shindan (Konbaung Explanations). Maung Than Swe. 1999. p. 548.