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Kissinger Sommer

The Kissinger Sommer is a classical music festival held every year in the summer in the city of Bad Kissingen in Bavaria, Southern Germany.

Kissinger Sommer
Genreclassical music
DatesJune, July
Location(s)Bad Kissingen
Coordinates50°11′53″N 10°04′29″E / 50.1981°N 10.0746°E / 50.1981; 10.0746Coordinates: 50°11′53″N 10°04′29″E / 50.1981°N 10.0746°E / 50.1981; 10.0746
Years active1986–present
Websitewww.kissingersommer.de
The Bad Kissingen concert hall "Regentenbau", one of the sites of the "Kissinger Sommer"

History

The festival was founded in 1986. At the beginning the focus of the festival was on the improvement of the cultural relations between eastern and western Europe.[1] Every year an east-european country was partner of the festival, beginning with Hungary in 1986. Poland, Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union followed. So the festival became a place where one could see artists from east and west, especially of the partner-countries and of East-Germany.[2] Among the artists of the first years were Dmitry Sitkovetsky, Boris Pergamenschikow and Svjatoslav Richter. After the fall of the iron curtain the festival turned to a world-wide view with partner-countries in whole Europe, North America and China.[3] Every summer around 50 concerts are attracting about 30 000 visitors.[4] The occurring interpreters are a mixture of well-known international stars like Cecilia Bartoli, Arcadi Volodos, Fazıl Say or Grigory Sokolov, and newcomers, who often later have made a great career too,[5] like Lang Lang, Diana Damrau[6] or David Garrett.[7]

Director of the "Kissinger Sommer" from 1986 until 2016 was Kari Kahl-Wolfsjäger.[8] Her successor, beginning in 2017, was Tilman Schlömp,[9] formerly artistic director at the festival Beethovenfest in Bonn. He changed the concept of the festival. Instead of partner countries, there are now main topics, starting in 2017 with the motto "1830 – Romantic Revolution"[10][11] and followed in 2018 by "1918 – emergence of the modern age".[12] The contract of Schlömp ended in 2021. Alexander Steinbeis, previously orchestra director of the DSO Berlin, was appointed as his successor from 2022 on.[13]

In 2020 the festival was cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[14]

Contemporary music

From the beginning the festival is also a place for contemporary composers like Alfred Schnittke, Sofia Gubaidulina, Edison Denisov, Aribert Reimann or Wolfgang Rihm.[15] There have been world premieres of composers like Jean Françaix (Dixtuor, in 1987[16]), Krzysztof Penderecki (Sinfonietta No. 2 for clarinet and string orchestra, in 1994)[17] and Fazıl Say (Sonata for clarinet and piano, op. 42, in 2012).[18] Since 2006 composers present themselves and premieres of their music in the workshop Bad Kissinger Liederwerkstatt.[19] Up to 2018, around 80 world premieres have already been produced as part of the Liederwerkstatt.[20] However, there are also world premieres outside the Liederwerkstatt, such as the Concerto No. 1 for violin and orchestra by Gediminas Gelgotas in 2018[21] and in 2019 a new version of the opera "Orfeo ed Euridice" by Damian Scholl [de].[22]

Artists in residence

Artists-in-residence have been in the last years:

Orchestra in residence

Luitpold Prize

Every year since 1999 the Luitpoldpreis (Luitpold Prize) is awarded to a young interpreter of the festival. The prize is named after Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria, who let build the great Bad Kissingen concert hall Regentenbau, where many of the concerts of the festival take place. The winners are:[31]

Kissinger Klavierolymp

The festival is connected to the Kissinger Klavierolymp (Kissinger Piano Olympics), a competition of young pianists which takes place in autumn in Bad Kissingen since 2003. The prize for the winners is a performance at the Kissinger Sommer. Among them are Martin Helmchen, Nikolai Tokarev, Kirill Gerstein, Igor Levit, Alice Sara Ott and Kit Armstrong.[39] Among the last winners are Elisabeth Brauß (2016),[40][41] Emre Yavuz (2017)[42][43] and Juan Pérez Floristán (2018).[44]

Recipients

No. Year 1st place 2nd place 3rd place Audience Prize
1. 2003 Martin Helmchen
Nikolai Tokarev
Stewart Goodyear Kirill Gerstein Mihaela Ursuleasa
2. 2004 Alexei Zuev Igor Levit Alice Sara Ott Andrei Banciu
3. 2005 Herbert Schuch Lukas Vondrávcek Anna Winnizkaja
Peter Ovtcharov
Joseph Moog
Miroslav Kultyshev
4. 2006 Christian Ihle Hadland
Kit Armstrong
not awarded Alexej Gorlach Mona Asuka Ott
5. 2007 Vestards Šimkus Michail Lifits David Kadouch Zhang Hai'ou
6. 2008 Yeol Eum Son Olga Scheps Benjamin Kim Claire Huangci
7. 2009 Kiryl Keduk Boris Kusnezow Kateryna Titova Kiryl Keduk
8. 2010 Behzod Abduraimov Nareh Arghamanyan Avan Yu Alexei Grigorjew
9. 2011 Konstantin Shamray Adan Laloum Pawel Kolesnikow Pawel Kolesnikow
10. 2012 Magdalena Müllerperth
Da Sol Kim
not awarded Beatrice Magnani Magdalena Müllerperth
11. 2013 Chi-Ho Han Georgy Tchaidze Aurelia Shimkus Chi Ho Han
12. 2014 Julian Jia Niu Niu Boyang Shi Julian Jia
13. 2015 Jorge González Buajasán Maxim Lando Clayton Stephenson Jorge González
14. 2016 Elisabeth Brauß Julian Trevelyan
Thomas Schuch
not awarded Nikolay Khozyainov
15. 2017 Emre Yavuz Sergei Redkin Viktor Soos Luisa Imorde [de]
16. 2018 Juan Pérez Floristán Martin James Bartlett Łukasz Krupiński Martin James Bartlett
17. 2019 Tomoki Sakata Tiffany Poon Robert Neumann Tomoki Sakata[45]
18. 2020 Sergey Tanin Yoav Levanon Ziyu Liu Sergey Tanin[46]
19. 2021 Giorgi Gigashvili Sandro Nebieridze Gustav Piekut Giorgi Gigashvili[47]
20. 2022 Roman Borisov Tony Siqi Yun Ariel Lanyi Tony Siqi Yun[48]

References

  1. ^ Rundfunk, Bayerischer (24 June 2019). "Medienpartner BR-KLASSIK: Kissinger Sommer | BR-Klassik". www.br-klassik.de.
  2. ^ authors, various (1989) "Travel and Exchange", GDR Bulletin, Vol. 15: Iss. 2. http://newprairiepress.org/gdr/vol15/iss2/3/
  3. ^ "KISSINGEN SUMMER FEST SCORES IN TRADITIONALLY FRIENDLY FASHION". Deseret News. 19 August 1990.
  4. ^ "Klassik-Reihe "Kissinger Sommer" lockt Stars und Gäste zum 30. Mal". Schwäbische.
  5. ^ "Farewell to Kissinger Sommer after 30 glorious years". Farewell to Kissinger Sommer after 30 glorious years.
  6. ^ Rundfunk, Bayerischer (7 July 2017). "30 Jahre Kissinger Sommer: Mittler zwischen Ost und West | BR-Klassik". www.br-klassik.de.
  7. ^ "Bayerische Staatszeitung". www.bayerische-staatszeitung.de.
  8. ^ "'Kissinger Sommer" director Kari Kahl-Wolfsjäger: "I had it easier than most" | DW | 29.07.2016". DW.COM.
  9. ^ "klassik.com : Dr. Tilman Schlömp macht(e) Karriere bei Kissinger Sommer". professionals.klassik.com.
  10. ^ "Kissinger Sommer nach 30 Jahren mit neuem Intendanten". Die Welt. 13 June 2017 – via www.welt.de.
  11. ^ Zeitung, Süddeutsche. "Kissinger Sommer nach 30 Jahren mit neuem Intendanten". Süddeutsche.de.
  12. ^ Zeitung, Süddeutsche. "Klassikfestival Kissinger Sommer handelt vom Jahr 1918". Süddeutsche.de.
  13. ^ Alexander Steinbeis wird Intendant des Kissinger Sommers, Musik heute, 10 March 2021
  14. ^ Kissinger Sommer 2020: Jetzt ist das ganze Festival abgesagt, Main Post, 20 May 2020
  15. ^ "Weltstars und junge Elite – Ein Festival vom Feinsten". inFranken.de.
  16. ^ . Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
  17. ^ "Sinfonietta no. 2". Schott Musik (in German). Retrieved 24 September 2020.
  18. ^ "Sonata". Schott Music. 25 April 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
  19. ^ Hemmerich, Malte. "Kissinger Sommer: Die wunderbare Sanglichkeit von Goethes Versen". Faz.net – via www.faz.net.
  20. ^ Jesper Klein: Fräulein Else sucht nach Musik, Frankfurter Allgemeine, 4 July 2018, p. 11
  21. ^ "Als hätte der Komponist die Natur belauscht". mainpost.de. 9 July 2018.
  22. ^ "Bad Kissingen: Wie eine neue Oper Trauerarbeit leisten kann". inFranken.de.
  23. ^ Das klingende Treiben beginnt, Main Post, 12 June 2014
  24. ^ 30. Jubiläumssommer 2015, program
  25. ^ Kissinger Sommer feiert 30-jähriges Jubiläum mit Staraufgebot, Deutsche Welle (dw.com), 24 June 2016
  26. ^ »Palastrevolution« beim Kissinger Sommer, Main Post, 3 November 2016
  27. ^ Sol Gabetta wird Artist in Residence beim Kissinger Sommer, Main Post, 3 November 2017
  28. ^ Julia Lezhneva, die Sopranistin im Wunderland, Main Post, 18. Juni 2019
  29. ^ "Internationales Musikfestival, 2020". Bad Kissingen (in German). Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  30. ^ Klassische Revolte, Rondo, 3/2017
  31. ^ . Archived from the original on 15 June 2021.
  32. ^ Thomas Ahnert: Beliebte Regularien; Saale-Zeitung, 20 July 2015, Seite 6
  33. ^ "Medaillen zum Abschied". inFranken.de.
  34. ^ "Der Gewinner heißt Julian Trevelyan". inFranken.de.
  35. ^ "Würdigung für Sheva Tehoval beim Kissinger Sommer". inFranken.de.
  36. ^ "Ausgezeichnet". mainpost.de. 14 July 2019.
  37. ^ "Französische Sopranistin erhält den Luitpoldpreis". inFranken.de. 13 July 2021.
  38. ^ "Erfolgreicher Abschluss des Kissinger Sommers 2022". radioprimaton.de. 18 July 2022.
  39. ^ Kissingen, Bayerisches Staatsbad Bad Kissingen, Stadt Bad. . Bad Kissingen. Archived from the original on 19 July 2018.
  40. ^ Rundfunk, Bayerischer (10 October 2016). "KlavierOlymp in Bad Kissingen: Auch Teilnehmer aus Oberbayern unter den Preisträgern | BR-Klassik". www.br-klassik.de.
  41. ^ "Elisabeth Brauß gewinnt Kissinger KlavierOlymp". MUSIK HEUTE. 10 October 2016.
  42. ^ "Fotofinish". inFranken.de.
  43. ^ . 10 October 2017. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017.
  44. ^ Juan Pérez Floristán gewinnt Kissinger KlavierOlymp, Main-Post 9 October 2018
  45. ^ Japaner gewinnt Kissinger KlavierOlymp, Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR 24), 7 October 2019
  46. ^ Sergey Tanin gewinnt Kissinger KlavierOlymp, Musik heute, 5 October 2020
  47. ^ Giorgi Gigashvili siegt beim 19. Kissinger Klavierolymp, klassik.com, 5 October 2021
  48. ^ Roman Borisov gewinnt 20. Kissinger Klavierolymp, Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR24), 10 October 2022

External links

  • Homepage "Kissinger Sommer"
  • Opening concert 2017, Deutsche Kammerphilharmonie Bremen

kissinger, sommer, classical, music, festival, held, every, year, summer, city, kissingen, bavaria, southern, germany, genreclassical, musicdatesjune, julylocation, kissingencoordinates50, 1981, 0746, 1981, 0746, coordinates, 1981, 0746, 1981, 0746years, activ. The Kissinger Sommer is a classical music festival held every year in the summer in the city of Bad Kissingen in Bavaria Southern Germany Kissinger SommerGenreclassical musicDatesJune JulyLocation s Bad KissingenCoordinates50 11 53 N 10 04 29 E 50 1981 N 10 0746 E 50 1981 10 0746 Coordinates 50 11 53 N 10 04 29 E 50 1981 N 10 0746 E 50 1981 10 0746Years active1986 presentWebsitewww wbr kissingersommer wbr deThe Bad Kissingen concert hall Regentenbau one of the sites of the Kissinger Sommer Contents 1 History 2 Contemporary music 3 Artists in residence 4 Orchestra in residence 5 Luitpold Prize 6 Kissinger Klavierolymp 6 1 Recipients 7 References 8 External linksHistory EditThe festival was founded in 1986 At the beginning the focus of the festival was on the improvement of the cultural relations between eastern and western Europe 1 Every year an east european country was partner of the festival beginning with Hungary in 1986 Poland Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union followed So the festival became a place where one could see artists from east and west especially of the partner countries and of East Germany 2 Among the artists of the first years were Dmitry Sitkovetsky Boris Pergamenschikow and Svjatoslav Richter After the fall of the iron curtain the festival turned to a world wide view with partner countries in whole Europe North America and China 3 Every summer around 50 concerts are attracting about 30 000 visitors 4 The occurring interpreters are a mixture of well known international stars like Cecilia Bartoli Arcadi Volodos Fazil Say or Grigory Sokolov and newcomers who often later have made a great career too 5 like Lang Lang Diana Damrau 6 or David Garrett 7 Director of the Kissinger Sommer from 1986 until 2016 was Kari Kahl Wolfsjager 8 Her successor beginning in 2017 was Tilman Schlomp 9 formerly artistic director at the festival Beethovenfest in Bonn He changed the concept of the festival Instead of partner countries there are now main topics starting in 2017 with the motto 1830 Romantic Revolution 10 11 and followed in 2018 by 1918 emergence of the modern age 12 The contract of Schlomp ended in 2021 Alexander Steinbeis previously orchestra director of the DSO Berlin was appointed as his successor from 2022 on 13 In 2020 the festival was cancelled because of the COVID 19 pandemic 14 Contemporary music EditFrom the beginning the festival is also a place for contemporary composers like Alfred Schnittke Sofia Gubaidulina Edison Denisov Aribert Reimann or Wolfgang Rihm 15 There have been world premieres of composers like Jean Francaix Dixtuor in 1987 16 Krzysztof Penderecki Sinfonietta No 2 for clarinet and string orchestra in 1994 17 and Fazil Say Sonata for clarinet and piano op 42 in 2012 18 Since 2006 composers present themselves and premieres of their music in the workshop Bad Kissinger Liederwerkstatt 19 Up to 2018 around 80 world premieres have already been produced as part of the Liederwerkstatt 20 However there are also world premieres outside the Liederwerkstatt such as the Concerto No 1 for violin and orchestra by Gediminas Gelgotas in 2018 21 and in 2019 a new version of the opera Orfeo ed Euridice by Damian Scholl de 22 Artists in residence EditArtists in residence have been in the last years 2014 Ning Feng and Igor Levit 23 2015 Igor Levit 24 2016 Daniil Trifonov 25 2017 Patricia Kopatchinskaja and Vesselina Kasarova 26 2018 Sol Gabetta 27 2019 Julia Lezhneva 28 2020 Jean Yves Thibaudet 29 planned festival cancelled Orchestra in residence Edit2017 2021 Deutsche Kammerphilharmonie Bremen 30 Luitpold Prize EditEvery year since 1999 the Luitpoldpreis Luitpold Prize is awarded to a young interpreter of the festival The prize is named after Luitpold Prince Regent of Bavaria who let build the great Bad Kissingen concert hall Regentenbau where many of the concerts of the festival take place The winners are 31 1999 Nikolaj Znaider violin 2000 Alisa Weilerstein cello 2001 Jochen Kupfer baritone 2002 Isa Katharina Gericke de soprano 2003 Baiba Skride violin 2004 Jan Kobow tenor 2005 Mojca Erdmann soprano 2006 Peter Ovtcharov piano 2007 Tine Thing Helseth trumpet 2008 David Lomeli tenor 2009 Igor Levit piano 2010 Kejia Xiong tenor 2011 Anna Lucia Richter soprano 2012 Dmitry Korchak tenor 2013 Julia Novikova soprano 2013 Konstantin Shamray piano 2014 Kian Soltani cello 2015 Sung Min Song tenor 32 2016 Andrei Ioniță cello 33 2017 Julian Trevelyan piano 34 2018 Sheva Tehoval de soprano 35 2019 Julian Habermann de tenor 36 2020 not awarded festival cancelled 2021 Sarah Aristidou soprano 37 2022 Lucas amp Arthur Jussen piano 38 Kissinger Klavierolymp EditThe festival is connected to the Kissinger Klavierolymp Kissinger Piano Olympics a competition of young pianists which takes place in autumn in Bad Kissingen since 2003 The prize for the winners is a performance at the Kissinger Sommer Among them are Martin Helmchen Nikolai Tokarev Kirill Gerstein Igor Levit Alice Sara Ott and Kit Armstrong 39 Among the last winners are Elisabeth Brauss 2016 40 41 Emre Yavuz 2017 42 43 and Juan Perez Floristan 2018 44 Recipients Edit No Year 1st place 2nd place 3rd place Audience Prize1 2003 Martin HelmchenNikolai Tokarev Stewart Goodyear Kirill Gerstein Mihaela Ursuleasa2 2004 Alexei Zuev Igor Levit Alice Sara Ott Andrei Banciu3 2005 Herbert Schuch Lukas Vondravcek Anna WinnizkajaPeter Ovtcharov Joseph MoogMiroslav Kultyshev4 2006 Christian Ihle HadlandKit Armstrong not awarded Alexej Gorlach Mona Asuka Ott5 2007 Vestards Simkus Michail Lifits David Kadouch Zhang Hai ou6 2008 Yeol Eum Son Olga Scheps Benjamin Kim Claire Huangci7 2009 Kiryl Keduk Boris Kusnezow Kateryna Titova Kiryl Keduk8 2010 Behzod Abduraimov Nareh Arghamanyan Avan Yu Alexei Grigorjew9 2011 Konstantin Shamray Adan Laloum Pawel Kolesnikow Pawel Kolesnikow10 2012 Magdalena MullerperthDa Sol Kim not awarded Beatrice Magnani Magdalena Mullerperth11 2013 Chi Ho Han Georgy Tchaidze Aurelia Shimkus Chi Ho Han12 2014 Julian Jia Niu Niu Boyang Shi Julian Jia13 2015 Jorge Gonzalez Buajasan Maxim Lando Clayton Stephenson Jorge Gonzalez14 2016 Elisabeth Brauss Julian TrevelyanThomas Schuch not awarded Nikolay Khozyainov15 2017 Emre Yavuz Sergei Redkin Viktor Soos Luisa Imorde de 16 2018 Juan Perez Floristan Martin James Bartlett Lukasz Krupinski Martin James Bartlett17 2019 Tomoki Sakata Tiffany Poon Robert Neumann Tomoki Sakata 45 18 2020 Sergey Tanin Yoav Levanon Ziyu Liu Sergey Tanin 46 19 2021 Giorgi Gigashvili Sandro Nebieridze Gustav Piekut Giorgi Gigashvili 47 20 2022 Roman Borisov Tony Siqi Yun Ariel Lanyi Tony Siqi Yun 48 References Edit Rundfunk Bayerischer 24 June 2019 Medienpartner BR KLASSIK Kissinger Sommer BR Klassik www br klassik de authors various 1989 Travel and Exchange GDR Bulletin Vol 15 Iss 2 http newprairiepress org gdr vol15 iss2 3 KISSINGEN SUMMER FEST SCORES IN TRADITIONALLY FRIENDLY FASHION Deseret News 19 August 1990 Klassik Reihe Kissinger Sommer lockt Stars und Gaste zum 30 Mal Schwabische Farewell to Kissinger Sommer after 30 glorious years Farewell to Kissinger Sommer after 30 glorious years Rundfunk Bayerischer 7 July 2017 30 Jahre Kissinger Sommer Mittler zwischen Ost und West BR Klassik www br klassik de Bayerische Staatszeitung www bayerische staatszeitung de Kissinger Sommer director Kari Kahl Wolfsjager I had it easier than most DW 29 07 2016 DW COM klassik com Dr Tilman Schlomp macht e Karriere bei Kissinger Sommer professionals klassik com Kissinger Sommer nach 30 Jahren mit neuem Intendanten Die Welt 13 June 2017 via www welt de Zeitung Suddeutsche Kissinger Sommer nach 30 Jahren mit neuem Intendanten Suddeutsche de Zeitung Suddeutsche Klassikfestival Kissinger Sommer handelt vom Jahr 1918 Suddeutsche de Alexander Steinbeis wird Intendant des Kissinger Sommers Musik heute 10 March 2021 Kissinger Sommer 2020 Jetzt ist das ganze Festival abgesagt Main Post 20 May 2020 Weltstars und junge Elite Ein Festival vom Feinsten inFranken de FRANCAIX Dixtuor pour quintette a vent et quintette a cordes Partitur Archived from the original on 11 February 2017 Retrieved 12 February 2017 Sinfonietta no 2 Schott Musik in German Retrieved 24 September 2020 Sonata Schott Music 25 April 2013 Retrieved 24 September 2020 Hemmerich Malte Kissinger Sommer Die wunderbare Sanglichkeit von Goethes Versen Faz net via www faz net Jesper Klein Fraulein Else sucht nach Musik Frankfurter Allgemeine 4 July 2018 p 11 Als hatte der Komponist die Natur belauscht mainpost de 9 July 2018 Bad Kissingen Wie eine neue Oper Trauerarbeit leisten kann inFranken de Das klingende Treiben beginnt Main Post 12 June 2014 30 Jubilaumssommer 2015 program Kissinger Sommer feiert 30 jahriges Jubilaum mit Staraufgebot Deutsche Welle dw com 24 June 2016 Palastrevolution beim Kissinger Sommer Main Post 3 November 2016 Sol Gabetta wird Artist in Residence beim Kissinger Sommer Main Post 3 November 2017 Julia Lezhneva die Sopranistin im Wunderland Main Post 18 Juni 2019 Internationales Musikfestival 2020 Bad Kissingen in German Retrieved 14 March 2021 Klassische Revolte Rondo 3 2017 Luitpoldpreis des Fordervereins Archived from the original on 15 June 2021 Thomas Ahnert Beliebte Regularien Saale Zeitung 20 July 2015 Seite 6 Medaillen zum Abschied inFranken de Der Gewinner heisst Julian Trevelyan inFranken de Wurdigung fur Sheva Tehoval beim Kissinger Sommer inFranken de Ausgezeichnet mainpost de 14 July 2019 Franzosische Sopranistin erhalt den Luitpoldpreis inFranken de 13 July 2021 Erfolgreicher Abschluss des Kissinger Sommers 2022 radioprimaton de 18 July 2022 Kissingen Bayerisches Staatsbad Bad Kissingen Stadt Bad Kissinger Sommer Internationales Musikfestival Kissinger Piano Olympics Bad Kissingen Archived from the original on 19 July 2018 Rundfunk Bayerischer 10 October 2016 KlavierOlymp in Bad Kissingen Auch Teilnehmer aus Oberbayern unter den Preistragern BR Klassik www br klassik de Elisabeth Brauss gewinnt Kissinger KlavierOlymp MUSIK HEUTE 10 October 2016 Fotofinish inFranken de Kissinger Klavier Olymp Emre Yavuz gewinnt als komplettester Kunstler Unterfranken Nachrichten BR de 10 October 2017 Archived from the original on 10 October 2017 Juan Perez Floristan gewinnt Kissinger KlavierOlymp Main Post 9 October 2018 Japaner gewinnt Kissinger KlavierOlymp Bayerischer Rundfunk BR 24 7 October 2019 Sergey Tanin gewinnt Kissinger KlavierOlymp Musik heute 5 October 2020 Giorgi Gigashvili siegt beim 19 Kissinger Klavierolymp klassik com 5 October 2021 Roman Borisov gewinnt 20 Kissinger Klavierolymp Bayerischer Rundfunk BR24 10 October 2022External links EditHomepage Kissinger Sommer Opening concert 2017 Deutsche Kammerphilharmonie Bremen Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kissinger Sommer amp oldid 1126257798, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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