The Khoshut (Mongolian: Хошууд,ᠬᠤᠱᠤᠳ, qoşūd, Chinese: 和碩特; literally "bannermen," from Middle Mongolianqosighu "flag, banner") are one of the four major tribes of the Oirat people. They established the Khoshut Khanate in the area of Tibet in 1642–1717.
Originally, Khoshuuds were one of the Khorchin tribes in southeastern Mongolian Plateau, but in the mid-15th century they migrated to western Mongolian Plateau to become an ally of the Oirats to counter the military power in central Mongolian Plateau. Their ruling family Galwas was the Hasarid-Khorchins who were deported by the Western Mongols.
The Khoshuts first appeared in the 1580s and by the 1620s were the most powerful Oirat tribe. They led others in converting to Buddhism. In 1636 Güshi Khan led many Khoshuds to occupy Kokenuur (Qinghai), and he was enthroned as king in Tibet by the 5th Dalai Lama. The Khoshut Khanate was established in 1642. Some time after 1645, his brother Kondeleng Ubashi migrated to the Volga, joining the Kalmyks. However, many Khoshuts remained in the Oirat homeland Dzungaria under Ochirtu Setsen.
The Khoshuts of the Dzungar Khanate remained influential until the Qing annihilated them in 1755. In 1771 the Volga Khoshuts fled back to Dzungaria with the Kalmyks and were resettled by the Qing around Bosten Lake. Their small remnants under a Tumen family in Kalmykia were influential until 1917. Another part of them was formed into a separate banner in Bulgan Province, Khovd Province; but they were counted as Torghut who migrated with them in much larger numbers.
20th centuryedit
The Khoshuts in Alashan numbered 36,900 in 1990.
The Khoshuts around Bosten Lake numbered more than 12,000 in 1999.
Санчиров В. П. О Происхождении этнонима торгут и народа, носившего это название // Монголо-бурятские этнонимы: cб. ст. — Улан-Удэ: БНЦ СО РАН, 1996. C. 31—50. - in Russian
Ovtchinnikova O., Druzina E., Galushkin S., Spitsyn V., Ovtchinnikov I. An Azian-specific 9-bp deletion in region V of mitochondrial DNA is found in Europe // Medizinische Genetic. 9 Tahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Humangenetik, 1997, p. 85.
Haines, R Spencer (2018). "Charismatic Authority in Context: An Explanation of Guushi Khan's Swift Rise to Power in the Early 17th Century". Mongolica: An International Journal of Mongolian Studies. 52. International Association of Mongolists: 24–31.
Galushkin S.K., Spitsyn V.A., Crawford M.H. Genetic Structure of Mongolic-speaking Kalmyks // Human Biology, December 2001, v.73, no. 6, pp. 823–834.
Хойт С.К. Генетическая структура европейских ойратских групп по локусам ABO, RH, HP, TF, GC, ACP1, PGM1, ESD, GLO1, SOD-A // Проблемы этнической истории и культуры тюрко-монгольских народов. Сборник научных трудов. Вып. I. Элиста: КИГИ РАН, 2009. с. 146-183. - in Russian
[hamagmongol.narod.ru/library/khoyt_2008_r.htm Хойт С.К. Антропологические характеристики калмыков по данным исследователей XVIII-XIX вв. // Вестник Прикаспия: археология, история, этнография. No. 1. Элиста: Изд-во КГУ, 2008. с. 220-243.]
Хойт С.К. Кереиты в этногенезе народов Евразии: историография проблемы. Элиста: Изд-во КГУ, 2008. – 82 с. ISBN978-5-91458-044-2 (Khoyt S.K. Kereits in enthnogenesis of peoples of Eurasia: historiography of the problem. Elista: Kalmyk State University Press, 2008. – 82 p. (in Russian))
[hamagmongol.narod.ru/library/khoyt_2012_r.htm Хойт С.К. Калмыки в работах антропологов первой половины XX вв. // Вестник Прикаспия: археология, история, этнография. No. 3, 2012. с. 215-245.]
Boris Malyarchuk, Miroslava Derenko, Galina Denisova, Sanj Khoyt, Marcin Wozniak, Tomasz Grzybowski and Ilya Zakharov Y-chromosome diversity in the Kalmyks at theethnical and tribal levels // Journal of Human Genetics (2013), 1–8.
Хойт С.К. Этническая история ойратских групп. Элиста, 2015. 199 с. (Khoyt S.K. Ethnic history of oyirad groups. Elista, 2015. 199 p. in Russian)
Хойт С.К. Данные фольклора для изучения путей этногенеза ойратских групп // Международная научная конференция «Сетевое востоковедение: образование, наука, культура», 7-10 декабря 2017 г.: материалы. Элиста: Изд-во Калм. ун-та, 2017. с. 286-289. (in Russian)
April 26, 2024
khoshut, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, unclear, citation, style, references, used, made, clearer, with, different, consistent, style, c. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article has an unclear citation style The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of citation and footnoting March 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations January 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message The Khoshut Mongolian Hoshuud ᠬᠤᠱᠤᠳ qosud Chinese 和碩特 literally bannermen from Middle Mongolian qosighu flag banner are one of the four major tribes of the Oirat people They established the Khoshut Khanate in the area of Tibet in 1642 1717 KhoshutThe Khoshuts with the Oirat ConfederationRegions with significant populationsLanguagesOirat dialectReligionTibetan Buddhism Mongolian shamanismRelated ethnic groupsMongols especially Oirats Contents 1 History 1 1 20th century 2 See also 3 ReferencesHistory editOriginally Khoshuuds were one of the Khorchin tribes in southeastern Mongolian Plateau but in the mid 15th century they migrated to western Mongolian Plateau to become an ally of the Oirats to counter the military power in central Mongolian Plateau Their ruling family Galwas was the Hasarid Khorchins who were deported by the Western Mongols The Khoshuts first appeared in the 1580s and by the 1620s were the most powerful Oirat tribe They led others in converting to Buddhism In 1636 Gushi Khan led many Khoshuds to occupy Kokenuur Qinghai and he was enthroned as king in Tibet by the 5th Dalai Lama The Khoshut Khanate was established in 1642 Some time after 1645 his brother Kondeleng Ubashi migrated to the Volga joining the Kalmyks However many Khoshuts remained in the Oirat homeland Dzungaria under Ochirtu Setsen After the Dzungar leader Galdan Boshogtu Khan killed Ochirtu the Khoshut chief Khoroli submitted to the Qing dynasty with his people in 1686 and resettled in Alashan The Khoshuts of the Dzungar Khanate remained influential until the Qing annihilated them in 1755 In 1771 the Volga Khoshuts fled back to Dzungaria with the Kalmyks and were resettled by the Qing around Bosten Lake Their small remnants under a Tumen family in Kalmykia were influential until 1917 Another part of them was formed into a separate banner in Bulgan Province Khovd Province but they were counted as Torghut who migrated with them in much larger numbers 20th century edit The Khoshuts in Alashan numbered 36 900 in 1990 The Khoshuts around Bosten Lake numbered more than 12 000 in 1999 See also editLha bzang Khan Khoshut chief and King of Tibet Upper MongolsReferences editSanchirov V P O Proishozhdenii etnonima torgut i naroda nosivshego eto nazvanie Mongolo buryatskie etnonimy cb st Ulan Ude BNC SO RAN 1996 C 31 50 in Russian Ovtchinnikova O Druzina E Galushkin S Spitsyn V Ovtchinnikov I An Azian specific 9 bp deletion in region V of mitochondrial DNA is found in Europe Medizinische Genetic 9 Tahrestagung der Gesellschaft fur Humangenetik 1997 p 85 Haines R Spencer 2018 Charismatic Authority in Context An Explanation of Guushi Khan s Swift Rise to Power in the Early 17th Century Mongolica An International Journal of Mongolian Studies 52 International Association of Mongolists 24 31 Galushkin S K Spitsyn V A Crawford M H Genetic Structure of Mongolic speaking Kalmyks Human Biology December 2001 v 73 no 6 pp 823 834 Hojt S K Geneticheskaya struktura evropejskih ojratskih grupp po lokusam ABO RH HP TF GC ACP1 PGM1 ESD GLO1 SOD A Problemy etnicheskoj istorii i kultury tyurko mongolskih narodov Sbornik nauchnyh trudov Vyp I Elista KIGI RAN 2009 s 146 183 in Russian hamagmongol narod ru library khoyt 2008 r htm Hojt S K Antropologicheskie harakteristiki kalmykov po dannym issledovatelej XVIII XIX vv Vestnik Prikaspiya arheologiya istoriya etnografiya No 1 Elista Izd vo KGU 2008 s 220 243 Hojt S K Kereity v etnogeneze narodov Evrazii istoriografiya problemy Elista Izd vo KGU 2008 82 s ISBN 978 5 91458 044 2 Khoyt S K Kereits in enthnogenesis of peoples of Eurasia historiography of the problem Elista Kalmyk State University Press 2008 82 p in Russian hamagmongol narod ru library khoyt 2012 r htm Hojt S K Kalmyki v rabotah antropologov pervoj poloviny XX vv Vestnik Prikaspiya arheologiya istoriya etnografiya No 3 2012 s 215 245 Boris Malyarchuk Miroslava Derenko Galina Denisova Sanj Khoyt Marcin Wozniak Tomasz Grzybowski and Ilya Zakharov Y chromosome diversity in the Kalmyks at theethnical and tribal levels Journal of Human Genetics 2013 1 8 Hojt S K Etnicheskaya istoriya ojratskih grupp Elista 2015 199 s Khoyt S K Ethnic history of oyirad groups Elista 2015 199 p in Russian video about khoshuuds Hojt S K Dannye folklora dlya izucheniya putej etnogeneza ojratskih grupp Mezhdunarodnaya nauchnaya konferenciya Setevoe vostokovedenie obrazovanie nauka kultura 7 10 dekabrya 2017 g materialy Elista Izd vo Kalm un ta 2017 s 286 289 in Russian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Khoshut amp oldid 1177103858, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
