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Khorramshahr

February 27, 2023

For other uses, see Khorramshahr (missile).

Khorramshahr (Persian: خرمشهر [xoræmˈʃæhɾ], also romanized as Khurramshahr, Arabic: المحمرة, romanized as Al-Muhammerah)[1][2] is a city and capital of Khorramshahr County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 170,976, in 47,380 households.[3]

Khorramshahr
خرَمشَهر
City
Khorramshahr
Coordinates: 30°26′23″N 48°09′59″E / 30.43972°N 48.16639°E / 30.43972; 48.16639Coordinates: 30°26′23″N 48°09′59″E / 30.43972°N 48.16639°E / 30.43972; 48.16639
CountryIran
ProvinceKhuzestan
CountyKhorramshahr
BakhshCentral
Population
 (2016 census)
 • Total135,328
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+4:30 (IRDT)
Mandaeans in Khorramshahr in 2015

Khorramshahr is an inland port city located approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Abadan. The city extends to the right bank of the Shatt Al Arab waterway near its confluence with the Haffar arm of the Karun river. The city was destroyed in the Iran–Iraq War, with the 1986 census recording a population of zero. However, Khorramshahr was rebuilt after the war, and more recent censuses show that the population has returned to its approximate pre-war level.

History

The area where the city exists today was originally under the waters of the Persian Gulf. It later became part of the vast marshlands and the tidal flats at the mouth of the Karun River. The small town known as Piyan, and later Bayan appeared in the area no sooner than the late Parthian time in the first century AD. Whether or not this was located at the same spot where Khurramshahr is today, is highly debatable.

During the Islamic centuries, the Daylamite Buwayhid king, Panah Khusraw Adud ad-Dawlah ordered the digging of a canal to join the Karun River (which at the time emptied independently into the Persian Gulf through the Bahmanshir channel) to the Shatt al-Arab (the joint estuary of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, known in Iran as Arvand Rud). The extra water made the joint estuary more reliably navigable. The channel thus created was known as the Haffar, Arabic for "excavated," "dugout," which exactly described what the channel was. The Haffar soon became the main channel of the Karun, as it is in the present day.

Until 1847, at which time it became Persian territory (according to Article II of the Treaty of Erzurum), Khorramshahr was alternately claimed and occupied by Persia and Turkey. Its ruler at the time was an Arab sheikh.[4]

Iran–Iraq War

Main articles: Battle of Khorramshahr (1980) and Battle of Khorramshahr (1982)

Because of the war, the population of Khorramshahr dropped from 146,706 in the 1976 census to 0 in the 1986 census. The population reached 34,750 in the 1991 census and by the 2006 census it reached 123,866, and according to World Gazetteer its population as of 2012 is 138,398, making the population close to what it was before the war.[5]

Mandaean community

Khorramshahr is home to a Mandaean community. It is one of the last remaining locations in the world where Neo-Mandaic is still spoken. There are only a few hundred speakers of the Khorramshahr dialect of Neo-Mandaic.[6]

Notable people

References

  1. ^ Khorramshahr can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3071225" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  2. ^ Khorramshahr entry in Encyclopædia Britannica http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/316878/Khorramshahr
  3. ^ https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/1/census/2016/results/detailed/country/population/table-09_census2016_population-detailed-country.xlsx[bare URL spreadsheet file]
  4. ^   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Muhamrah". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 956.
  5. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Statistical Center of Iran. from the original on 2011-11-11.
  6. ^ Häberl, Charles (2009). The neo-Mandaic dialect of Khorramshahr. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3-447-05874-2. OCLC 377787551.
  7. ^ "Majid Bishkar: The 'Prince of Persia' who cast a spell with his magic". East Bengal Football Club official website. May 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
  8. ^ . Qoqnoos. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Khorramshahr.
  • Khorramshahr.net
  • About Spoken Arabic of Khoramshahr
  • Khorramshahr Post-War Photo Slideshow

February 27, 2023
khorramshahr, other, uses, missile, persian, خرمشهر, xoræmˈʃæhɾ, also, romanized, khurramshahr, arabic, المحمرة, romanized, muhammerah, city, capital, county, khuzestan, province, iran, 2016, census, population, households, خر, مش, هرcitycoordinates, 43972, 16. For other uses see Khorramshahr missile Khorramshahr Persian خرمشهر xoraemˈʃaehɾ also romanized as Khurramshahr Arabic المحمرة romanized as Al Muhammerah 1 2 is a city and capital of Khorramshahr County Khuzestan Province Iran At the 2016 census its population was 170 976 in 47 380 households 3 Khorramshahr خر مش هرCityKhorramshahrCoordinates 30 26 23 N 48 09 59 E 30 43972 N 48 16639 E 30 43972 48 16639 Coordinates 30 26 23 N 48 09 59 E 30 43972 N 48 16639 E 30 43972 48 16639CountryIranProvinceKhuzestanCountyKhorramshahrBakhshCentralPopulation 2016 census Total135 328Time zoneUTC 3 30 IRST Summer DST UTC 4 30 IRDT Mandaeans in Khorramshahr in 2015 Khorramshahr is an inland port city located approximately 10 kilometres 6 2 mi north of Abadan The city extends to the right bank of the Shatt Al Arab waterway near its confluence with the Haffar arm of the Karun river The city was destroyed in the Iran Iraq War with the 1986 census recording a population of zero However Khorramshahr was rebuilt after the war and more recent censuses show that the population has returned to its approximate pre war level Contents 1 History 1 1 Iran Iraq War 2 Mandaean community 3 Notable people 4 References 5 External linksHistory EditThe area where the city exists today was originally under the waters of the Persian Gulf It later became part of the vast marshlands and the tidal flats at the mouth of the Karun River The small town known as Piyan and later Bayan appeared in the area no sooner than the late Parthian time in the first century AD Whether or not this was located at the same spot where Khurramshahr is today is highly debatable During the Islamic centuries the Daylamite Buwayhid king Panah Khusraw Adud ad Dawlah ordered the digging of a canal to join the Karun River which at the time emptied independently into the Persian Gulf through the Bahmanshir channel to the Shatt al Arab the joint estuary of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers known in Iran as Arvand Rud The extra water made the joint estuary more reliably navigable The channel thus created was known as the Haffar Arabic for excavated dugout which exactly described what the channel was The Haffar soon became the main channel of the Karun as it is in the present day Until 1847 at which time it became Persian territory according to Article II of the Treaty of Erzurum Khorramshahr was alternately claimed and occupied by Persia and Turkey Its ruler at the time was an Arab sheikh 4 Iran Iraq War Edit Main articles Battle of Khorramshahr 1980 and Battle of Khorramshahr 1982 Because of the war the population of Khorramshahr dropped from 146 706 in the 1976 census to 0 in the 1986 census The population reached 34 750 in the 1991 census and by the 2006 census it reached 123 866 and according to World Gazetteer its population as of 2012 is 138 398 making the population close to what it was before the war 5 Mandaean community EditKhorramshahr is home to a Mandaean community It is one of the last remaining locations in the world where Neo Mandaic is still spoken There are only a few hundred speakers of the Khorramshahr dialect of Neo Mandaic 6 Notable people EditMeguertitch Khan Davidkhanian b 1902 former Governor Majid Bishkar b 1956 Iranian football legend played at the 1978 FIFA World Cup 7 Mohsen Rastani b 1958 Iranian photographer photojournalist 8 Mohsen chavoshi b 1979 is an Iranian musician singer record producer and songwriter based in Tehran He has released ten albums including a soundtrack to the 2007 film Santouri References Edit Khorramshahr can be found at GEOnet Names Server at this link by opening the Advanced Search box entering 3071225 in the Unique Feature Id form and clicking on Search Database Khorramshahr entry in Encyclopaedia Britannica http www britannica com EBchecked topic 316878 Khorramshahr https www amar org ir Portals 1 census 2016 results detailed country population table 09 census2016 population detailed country xlsx bare URL spreadsheet file One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Muhamrah Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 18 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 956 Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1385 2006 Excel Statistical Center of Iran Archived from the original on 2011 11 11 Haberl Charles 2009 The neo Mandaic dialect of Khorramshahr Wiesbaden Harrassowitz ISBN 978 3 447 05874 2 OCLC 377787551 Majid Bishkar The Prince of Persia who cast a spell with his magic East Bengal Football Club official website May 2021 Retrieved 1 July 2021 Mohsen Rastani Qoqnoos Archived from the original on 22 June 2013 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Khorramshahr Khorramshahr net Khorramshahr Photo Gallery from the Khuzestan Governorship About Spoken Arabic of Khoramshahr Khorramshahr Post War Photo Slideshow Liberation of Khorramshahr Triumph of True Faith Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Khorramshahr amp oldid 1131491505, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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