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Kauno autobusų gamykla

Kauno autobusų gamykla (transl. Kaunas Bus Factory), abbreviated KAG, was a factory in Kaunas, Lithuanian SSR that produced about 10,000 KAG-3 buses from 1956 to 1990.[1] The buses used chassis of the GAZ-51 truck. The factory then added wooden frames covered with metal sheets. It was the only mass-produced vehicle in Lithuania.[1]

KAG-3 in Kaunas
KAG-3 in Kaunas

The factory was established in an old workshop owned by Amerikos lietuvių akcinė bendrovė [lt] (Lithuanian American Joint Stock Company), abbreviated as Amlit. The company imported Ford cars, Fordson tractors, and bicycles.[2] Around 1929, it started building passenger buses with wooden frames based on Ford chassis. About 25 buses were produced per year.[3] The company was nationalised after Lithuania was occupied by the Soviet Union. After World War II there was a shortage of vehicles and metal. The auto shop, then known as Kauno autoremonto gamykla, started modifying ZIS-150 trucks into L-1 buses that were first designed and produced in Leningrad in 1949.[4][5]

In 1952, the factory started building KAG-1 passenger buses, which were copies of the Russian GZA-651 buses and were built on the GAZ-51 chassis.[5] The factory improved the model and developed its own KAG-3 bus, though it retained essentially the same specifications.[4] The buses had a six-cylinder, 68 horsepower, 3.5-litre engines. An empty bus weighted 3,890 kilograms (8,580 lb).[1] KAG-3 was the most popular model, with up to 350 vehicles produced per year.[5]

The wooden frame would rot over time, which is why only a couple buses have survived. Examples are preserved in museums in Kaunas and Vievis, as well as by a classic car club in Kaunas.[1] The wooden frame could also easily catch fire in an accident. One of the largest accidents occurred in winter 1966, when a crowded bus drove into a ditch and caught fire on the road from Luokė to Smilgiai. 21 people died in the accident, four others suffered severe burns.[1] Due to safety concerns, the buses were phased out from passenger transport and converted into cargo or utility vehicles.[4] However, the KAG buses remained in demand even after metal frame buses (such as PAZ-652) became available. The wooden frame could be replaced (some buses had 3 or 4 frame changes) and performed better on uneven roads (such as roads of the Caucasus).[4]

Models edit

The factory produces these models:[1]

  • KAG-1 (19 passengers) – very similar to the Russian GZA-651 buses
  • KAG-3 (23 seated passengers plus 7 standing passengers)
    • KAG-31 (KAG-3 based cargo van)
    • KAG-32 (KAG-3 based bread van)
    • KAG-33 (KAG-3 based technical service van)
    • KAG-34 (KAG-3 based explosive materials van)
    • KAG-317 (KAG-3 based household service van)
  • KAG-4 (24 passenger) – two experimental vehicles with all metal frames produced in 1959[4]
    • KAG-41 (KAG-4 based cargo van) – one experimental vehicle with all metal frame produced in 1959[4]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f Sviklas, Paulius (11 March 2016). "Lietuviški automobiliai: 3. KAG – vienintelis serijinės gamybos autobusas" (in Lithuanian). 15min.lt. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
  2. ^ Inytė, Vėjūnė (17 August 2015). "Kauniečio garaže – sovietmečiu daug bėdų pridarę automobiliai" (in Lithuanian). Lietuvos rytas. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
  3. ^ Drėmaitė, Marija (21 April 2016). "Kompaniją "Ford" į Lietuvą atvedė Amerikos lietuviai" (in Lithuanian). 15min.lt. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Autobusai iš Kauno" (in Lithuanian). Lietuvos istorinių transporto priemonių išsaugojimo asociacija "Retromobile". Retrieved 28 June 2020.
  5. ^ a b c Skorenko, Tim (7 December 2016). "Забытые советские марки: КАГ" (in Russian). Популярная Механика. Retrieved 28 June 2020.

External links edit

  • Documentary footage about production of the 1000th bus (1959)

54°53′46″N 23°54′31″E / 54.89611°N 23.90861°E / 54.89611; 23.90861

kauno, autobusų, gamykla, iata, code, gangneung, airbase, transl, kaunas, factory, abbreviated, factory, kaunas, lithuanian, that, produced, about, buses, from, 1956, 1990, buses, used, chassis, truck, factory, then, added, wooden, frames, covered, with, metal. For the IATA code KAG see Gangneung Airbase Kauno autobusu gamykla transl Kaunas Bus Factory abbreviated KAG was a factory in Kaunas Lithuanian SSR that produced about 10 000 KAG 3 buses from 1956 to 1990 1 The buses used chassis of the GAZ 51 truck The factory then added wooden frames covered with metal sheets It was the only mass produced vehicle in Lithuania 1 KAG 3 in Kaunas KAG 3 in Kaunas The factory was established in an old workshop owned by Amerikos lietuviu akcine bendrove lt Lithuanian American Joint Stock Company abbreviated as Amlit The company imported Ford cars Fordson tractors and bicycles 2 Around 1929 it started building passenger buses with wooden frames based on Ford chassis About 25 buses were produced per year 3 The company was nationalised after Lithuania was occupied by the Soviet Union After World War II there was a shortage of vehicles and metal The auto shop then known as Kauno autoremonto gamykla started modifying ZIS 150 trucks into L 1 buses that were first designed and produced in Leningrad in 1949 4 5 In 1952 the factory started building KAG 1 passenger buses which were copies of the Russian GZA 651 buses and were built on the GAZ 51 chassis 5 The factory improved the model and developed its own KAG 3 bus though it retained essentially the same specifications 4 The buses had a six cylinder 68 horsepower 3 5 litre engines An empty bus weighted 3 890 kilograms 8 580 lb 1 KAG 3 was the most popular model with up to 350 vehicles produced per year 5 The wooden frame would rot over time which is why only a couple buses have survived Examples are preserved in museums in Kaunas and Vievis as well as by a classic car club in Kaunas 1 The wooden frame could also easily catch fire in an accident One of the largest accidents occurred in winter 1966 when a crowded bus drove into a ditch and caught fire on the road from Luoke to Smilgiai 21 people died in the accident four others suffered severe burns 1 Due to safety concerns the buses were phased out from passenger transport and converted into cargo or utility vehicles 4 However the KAG buses remained in demand even after metal frame buses such as PAZ 652 became available The wooden frame could be replaced some buses had 3 or 4 frame changes and performed better on uneven roads such as roads of the Caucasus 4 Models editThe factory produces these models 1 KAG 1 19 passengers very similar to the Russian GZA 651 buses KAG 3 23 seated passengers plus 7 standing passengers KAG 31 KAG 3 based cargo van KAG 32 KAG 3 based bread van KAG 33 KAG 3 based technical service van KAG 34 KAG 3 based explosive materials van KAG 317 KAG 3 based household service van KAG 4 24 passenger two experimental vehicles with all metal frames produced in 1959 4 KAG 41 KAG 4 based cargo van one experimental vehicle with all metal frame produced in 1959 4 References edit a b c d e f Sviklas Paulius 11 March 2016 Lietuviski automobiliai 3 KAG vienintelis serijines gamybos autobusas in Lithuanian 15min lt Retrieved 28 June 2020 Inyte Vejune 17 August 2015 Kauniecio garaze sovietmeciu daug bedu pridare automobiliai in Lithuanian Lietuvos rytas Retrieved 28 June 2020 Dremaite Marija 21 April 2016 Kompanija Ford į Lietuva atvede Amerikos lietuviai in Lithuanian 15min lt Retrieved 28 June 2020 a b c d e f Autobusai is Kauno in Lithuanian Lietuvos istoriniu transporto priemoniu issaugojimo asociacija Retromobile Retrieved 28 June 2020 a b c Skorenko Tim 7 December 2016 Zabytye sovetskie marki KAG in Russian Populyarnaya Mehanika Retrieved 28 June 2020 External links editDocumentary footage about production of the 1000th bus 1959 54 53 46 N 23 54 31 E 54 89611 N 23 90861 E 54 89611 23 90861 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kauno autobusu gamykla amp oldid 1211998651, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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