Juspa Schammes[a] (February 14, 1604 in Fulda – February 5, 1678 in Worms) was a chronicler of the Jewish community of Worms, Germany, synagogue caretaker (shammes), and a writer.
He was born as the son of Rabbi Juda in Fulda. In 1625 he married Breunge[1] or Faierchen[2] (* before 1610; † August 8, 1688), daughter of Michel and Güttle, who lived in the house "Zur hinter Sichel" in Judengasse in Worms. Juspa and his wife had five children:[3]
In 1620 he studied in the yeshiva in Fulda with Rabbi Pinchas Levi Hurwitz from Prague.[6] In 1623 he came to Worms following Elia ben Mosche Loanz, called Baal Shem, to continue his studies with the well-known Kabbalist at the yeshiva there.[7]
He performed numerous tasks in the Jewish community of Worms. He was schammes[b] (caretaker) of Worms Synagogue and scribe. In the latter function, he issued official documents, such as divorce letters, and was an official witness in business transactions. He made transcriptions for Rabbi Moses Simson Bacharach (1607-1670), who had been a rabbi in Worms since 1650. In addition, Juspa was probably also active as a Torah scribe and could, if necessary, slaughter animals and perform circumcisions.[8]
He became known for his writing, that, however, didn't appear in print during his life. He collected customs, habits, music, and stories about the Jewish community of Worms. These records are today a highly valuable primary source on Judaism in Worms during the early modern period.[9]
Murals from the Cold Synagogue, Mogilev inspired by Juspa's tales from Maase Nissim, c. 1740s
His main works are:
The Sefer Ma'aseh Nisim, a collection of local sagas and legends published by his son Elieser Liebermann after the death of his father when he lived in exile in Amsterdam after the destruction of Worms in the Nine Years' War in 1689.[10] The book appeared in numerous editions in the 17th and 18th centuries.[11] The original manuscript is not preserved, so it is unclear whether Juspa wrote the text in Hebrew or Yiddish.[12] The printed version contains 25 stories, two of which are encores by Elieser Liebermann.
Minhagbuch, a collection of customs of the Jewish community of Worms. It contains the local liturgical prescriptions, the customs of the annually repeated feasts and the rites of passage in the course of human life. In addition, Juspa recorded current events.[13] Three different manuscripts are known of the Minhagbuch:
David Oppenheimer originally owned a copy. It is now in the Bodleian Library in Oxford (Codex Oxford 909).[14] This is reproduced as a facsimile at Eidelberg.[15]
Another copy was in the possession of the Amsterdam family Lehren and was sold to A. Epstein after an auction[16] in 1899.[17] It was owned by a family in Jerusalem[18] and is said to have reached the Bodleian in Oxford in the meantime[19] in the 1980s.[20]
A third copy is owned by the Mainz Jewish Community and is on loan from the Raschi-Haus Museum in Worms.[21] It was saved because the last rabbi of Worms, Helmut Frank (Jakob bar Israel), was able to take it with him when he emigrated to the USA in 1938.[22] In 1972 he returned it to the Mainz Jewish Community, the legal successor to the Worms Jewish Community.[23]
The Likkutei Yosef, a commentary on Prayer, Grace after Meals, the Passover Haggadah, and Ethics. Only one manuscript exists, today part of the Braginsky Collection in Zurich, Switzerland.[24] The section pertaining to the Passover Haggadah was printed in 2023 by Achsanya Shel Torah.[25]
The Pinkas HaKehila, a directory of notarized business contracts. Authorship of Juspa Schammes is disputed.[26] Eidelberg stated that entries from the years 1656 to 1659 are authored by Juspa.[27]
Notesedit
^Full name: Jiftach Joseph Juspa ben Naftali Herz (Hirz) Segal from the Manzpach family (as in the longest form in: Raspe: Yuzpa Shammes. p. 100); in a modern version: Jiftach Joseph Juspa, son of Naftali Herz from the Levi tribe from the Manzpach family (Eidelberg: Das Minhagbuch. p. 21). Shorter forms are also used, with the omission of individual parts of the name, as well as a number of different spellings, some of which are more based on the English-language rendering of Hebrew characters.
^He must have taken over the office between 1642 and 1647 (Reuter / Schäfer: Wundergeschichten. p. 80).
Referencesedit
The article was translated from German wiki, see original at de:Juspa Schammes.
^F. Reuter, U. Schäfer: Wundergeschichten. 2007, p. 78.
Shlomo Eidelberg: Das Minhagbuch von Juspa Schammes. In: Der Wormsgau. 14 (1982/86), pp. 20–30.
Eidelberg, Shlomo (1991). R. Juspa, Shammash of Warmaisa (Worms). Jewish Life in 17th Century Worms. Magnes Press. ISBN9652237620.
Lucia Raspe: Yuzpa Shammes and the Narrative Tradition of Medieval Worms. In: Karl E. Grözinger (Hrsg.): Jüdische Kultur in den SchUM-Städten: Literatur, Musik, Theater. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2014, pp. 99–118.
Fritz Reuter: Warmaisa: 1000 Jahre Juden in Worms. 3. Auflage. Eigenverlag, Worms 2009, ISBN978-3-8391-0201-5.
Fritz Reuter, Ulrike Schäfer: Wundergeschichten aus Warmeisa. Juspa Schammes, seine Ma'asseh nissim und das jüdische Worms im 17. Jahrhundert. Warmaisa, Worms 2007, ISBN978-3-00-017077-5.
Nathanael Riemer: Juden und Christen in Juspa Schammes „Mayse Nissim“ und das Selbstverständnis der Wormser jüdischen Gemeinde als aschkenasisches „Jerusalem“ in einer diesseitigen, fragilen Heimat. In: Karl E. Grözinger (Hrsg.): Jüdische Kultur in den SchUM-Städten: Literatur, Musik, Theater. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2014, pp. 119–136.
Further readingedit
Edwards, Kathryn A. (2002). Werewolves, Witches, and Wandering Spirits: Traditional Belief and Folklore in Early Modern Europe. Truman State University Press. p. 100. ISBN978-1931112093.
External linksedit
Maase Nissim digitized:
Ausgabe Fulda 1766/67 (Yiddish)
Ausgabe Offenbach 1776/1777 (Yiddish)
Sämtliche Erzählungen und Sagen des „Maaseh-Nissim“-Buches, in: Samson Rothschild: Aus Vergangenheit und Gegenwart der Israelitischen Gemeinde Worms, 5. Auflage, J. Kaufmann, Frankfurt am Main 1913, p. 31–60 (German)
January 01, 1970
juspa, schammes, february, 1604, fulda, february, 1678, worms, chronicler, jewish, community, worms, germany, synagogue, caretaker, shammes, writer, contents, life, career, personal, life, training, work, notes, references, sources, further, reading, external,. Juspa Schammes a February 14 1604 in Fulda February 5 1678 in Worms was a chronicler of the Jewish community of Worms Germany synagogue caretaker shammes and a writer Contents 1 Life and career 1 1 Personal life 1 2 Training and work 2 Notes 3 References 3 1 Sources 4 Further reading 5 External linksLife and career edit nbsp Worms Synagogue Personal life edit He was born as the son of Rabbi Juda in Fulda In 1625 he married Breunge 1 or Faierchen 2 before 1610 August 8 1688 daughter of Michel and Guttle who lived in the house Zur hinter Sichel in Judengasse in Worms Juspa and his wife had five children 3 Elieser Liebermann after 1696 Jacob 1667 Israel Moses Sanwil 1699 Tamar 1666 Mindele 1723 Juspa Schammes died in 1678 and was buried at Heiliger Sand a Jewish Cemetery in Worms 4 His gravestone has not been preserved and was probably destroyed in the Second World War 5 Training and work edit In 1620 he studied in the yeshiva in Fulda with Rabbi Pinchas Levi Hurwitz from Prague 6 In 1623 he came to Worms following Elia ben Mosche Loanz called Baal Shem to continue his studies with the well known Kabbalist at the yeshiva there 7 He performed numerous tasks in the Jewish community of Worms He was schammes b caretaker of Worms Synagogue and scribe In the latter function he issued official documents such as divorce letters and was an official witness in business transactions He made transcriptions for Rabbi Moses Simson Bacharach 1607 1670 who had been a rabbi in Worms since 1650 In addition Juspa was probably also active as a Torah scribe and could if necessary slaughter animals and perform circumcisions 8 He became known for his writing that however didn t appear in print during his life He collected customs habits music and stories about the Jewish community of Worms These records are today a highly valuable primary source on Judaism in Worms during the early modern period 9 Murals from the Cold Synagogue Mogilev inspired by Juspa s tales from Maase Nissim c 1740s nbsp nbsp nbsp His main works are The Sefer Ma aseh Nisim a collection of local sagas and legends published by his son Elieser Liebermann after the death of his father when he lived in exile in Amsterdam after the destruction of Worms in the Nine Years War in 1689 10 The book appeared in numerous editions in the 17th and 18th centuries 11 The original manuscript is not preserved so it is unclear whether Juspa wrote the text in Hebrew or Yiddish 12 The printed version contains 25 stories two of which are encores by Elieser Liebermann Minhagbuch a collection of customs of the Jewish community of Worms It contains the local liturgical prescriptions the customs of the annually repeated feasts and the rites of passage in the course of human life In addition Juspa recorded current events 13 Three different manuscripts are known of the Minhagbuch David Oppenheimer originally owned a copy It is now in the Bodleian Library in Oxford Codex Oxford 909 14 This is reproduced as a facsimile at Eidelberg 15 Another copy was in the possession of the Amsterdam family Lehren and was sold to A Epstein after an auction 16 in 1899 17 It was owned by a family in Jerusalem 18 and is said to have reached the Bodleian in Oxford in the meantime 19 in the 1980s 20 A third copy is owned by the Mainz Jewish Community and is on loan from the Raschi Haus Museum in Worms 21 It was saved because the last rabbi of Worms Helmut Frank Jakob bar Israel was able to take it with him when he emigrated to the USA in 1938 22 In 1972 he returned it to the Mainz Jewish Community the legal successor to the Worms Jewish Community 23 The Likkutei Yosef a commentary on Prayer Grace after Meals the Passover Haggadah and Ethics Only one manuscript exists today part of the Braginsky Collection in Zurich Switzerland 24 The section pertaining to the Passover Haggadah was printed in 2023 by Achsanya Shel Torah 25 The Pinkas HaKehila a directory of notarized business contracts Authorship of Juspa Schammes is disputed 26 Eidelberg stated that entries from the years 1656 to 1659 are authored by Juspa 27 Notes edit Full name Jiftach Joseph Juspa ben Naftali Herz Hirz Segal from the Manzpach family as in the longest form in Raspe Yuzpa Shammes p 100 in a modern version Jiftach Joseph Juspa son of Naftali Herz from the Levi tribe from the Manzpach family Eidelberg Das Minhagbuch p 21 Shorter forms are also used with the omission of individual parts of the name as well as a number of different spellings some of which are more based on the English language rendering of Hebrew characters He must have taken over the office between 1642 and 1647 Reuter Schafer Wundergeschichten p 80 References editThe article was translated from German wiki see original at de Juspa Schammes F Reuter U Schafer Wundergeschichten 2007 p 78 Eidelberg R Juspa p 10 F Reuter U Schafer Wundergeschichten 2007 S 78 F Reuter U Schafer Wundergeschichten 2007 S 80 F Reuter U Schafer Wundergeschichten 2007 S 80 eine Fotografie ist erhalten Eidelberg R Juspa S 113 Eidelberg R Juspa S 9 Reuter Warmaisa S 55 F Reuter U Schafer Wundergeschichten 2007 S 79 Riemer Juden und Christen S 121ff Eidelberg R Juspa S 12 F Reuter U Schafer Wundergeschichten 2007 S 86 Vgl Raspe Yuzpa Shammes p 100 Anm 9 und den hiesigen Abschnitt Literatur Raspe Yuzpa Shammes p 102 Reuter Schafer Wundergeschichten p 85 Raspe Yuzpa Shammes p 100 Eidelberg Das Minhagbuch p 24 Eidelberg R Juspa S א1 א115 So Eidelberg Das Minhagbuch p 24 S alomon Rothschild Das Archiv der judischen Gemeinde von Worms In Vom Rhein Beilage zur Wormser Zeitung 1 1902 S 21 Eidelberg Das Minhagbuch S 24 F Reuter U Schafer Wundergeschichten 2007 S 86 F Reuter U Schafer Wundergeschichten 2007 S 86 F Reuter U Schafer Wundergeschichten 2007 S 86 Eidelberg Das Minhagbuch S 24 Eidelberg Das Minhagbuch S 24 Eidelberg Das Minhagbuch S 25 Braginsky Collection Zurich Achsanya Shel Torah Vgl Reuter Schafer Wundergeschichten S 79 wird von anderen aber als sicher angenommen Eidelberg R Juspa S 97f Eidelberg R Juspa S 100 108 Sources edit Shlomo Eidelberg Das Minhagbuch von Juspa Schammes In Der Wormsgau 14 1982 86 pp 20 30 Eidelberg Shlomo 1991 R Juspa Shammash of Warmaisa Worms Jewish Life in 17th Century Worms Magnes Press ISBN 9652237620 Lucia Raspe Yuzpa Shammes and the Narrative Tradition of Medieval Worms In Karl E Grozinger Hrsg Judische Kultur in den SchUM Stadten Literatur Musik Theater Harrassowitz Wiesbaden 2014 pp 99 118 Fritz Reuter Warmaisa 1000 Jahre Juden in Worms 3 Auflage Eigenverlag Worms 2009 ISBN 978 3 8391 0201 5 Fritz Reuter Ulrike Schafer Wundergeschichten aus Warmeisa Juspa Schammes seine Ma asseh nissim und das judische Worms im 17 Jahrhundert Warmaisa Worms 2007 ISBN 978 3 00 017077 5 Nathanael Riemer Juden und Christen in Juspa Schammes Mayse Nissim und das Selbstverstandnis der Wormser judischen Gemeinde als aschkenasisches Jerusalem in einer diesseitigen fragilen Heimat In Karl E Grozinger Hrsg Judische Kultur in den SchUM Stadten Literatur Musik Theater Harrassowitz Wiesbaden 2014 pp 119 136 Further reading editEdwards Kathryn A 2002 Werewolves Witches and Wandering Spirits Traditional Belief and Folklore in Early Modern Europe Truman State University Press p 100 ISBN 978 1931112093 External links editMaase Nissim digitized Ausgabe Fulda 1766 67 Yiddish Ausgabe Offenbach 1776 1777 Yiddish Samtliche Erzahlungen und Sagen des Maaseh Nissim Buches in Samson Rothschild Aus Vergangenheit und Gegenwart der Israelitischen Gemeinde Worms 5 Auflage J Kaufmann Frankfurt am Main 1913 p 31 60 German Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Juspa Schammes amp oldid 1205960554, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
