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Joseph Jacotot

Joseph (or Jean-Joseph) Jacotot (4 March 1770 – 30 July 1840) was a French teacher and educational philosopher, creator of the method of "intellectual emancipation."

Joseph Jacotot
Born(1770-03-04)4 March 1770
Died(1840-07-30)30 July 1840
Paris, France
NationalityFrench
Occupation(s)Educationist, teacher

Life

Jacotot was born at Dijon on 4 March 1770. He was educated at the university of Dijon, where in his nineteenth year he was made a professor of Latin, after which he studied law, became a lawyer, and at the same time devoted a large amount of his attention to mathematics.[1]

In 1788 he organized a federation of the youth of Dijon for the defence of the principles of the Revolution; and in 1792, with the rank of captain, he set out to take part in the campaign of Belgium, where he conducted himself with bravery and distinction. After filling the office of secretary of the commission d’organisation du mouvement des armées, in 1794 he became deputy of the director of the École Polytechnique. Upon the founding of the central schools at Dijon he was appointed to the chair of the "method" or instruction of science. There he made his first experiments in his "emancipatory" method of teaching. When the central schools were replaced by other educational institutions, Jacotot occupied the chairs of mathematics and of Roman law until the overthrow of the empire. In 1815 he was elected a representative to the chamber of deputies; but after the Second Restoration he found it necessary to quit his native land.[1]

Having taken up his residence at Brussels, in 1818 Jacotot was nominated teacher of the French language at the University of Louvain, where he systematized the educational principles which he had already practised successfully in France.[1]

Teaching method

His emancipatory or panecastic (French: panécastique "everything in each" from Greek πᾶν and ἕκαστον) method was not only adopted in several institutions in Belgium, but also met with some approval in France, England, Germany, and Russia. It was based on three principles:

  1. all men have equal intelligence;
  2. every man has received from God the faculty of being able to instruct himself;
  3. everything is in everything.[1]

Regarding the first principle, he maintained that it is only in the will to use their intelligence that men differ. His own process, depending on the third principle, was to give a student learning a language for the first time a short passage of a few lines, and to encourage the pupil to study first the words, then the letters, then the grammar, then the meaning, until a single paragraph became the occasion for learning an entire literature.[1] A book that he often used as a source material for learning was Les Aventures de Télémaque.[2] After the revolution of 1830 Jacotot returned to France, and he died in Paris on 30 July 1840.

Jacotot described his system in Enseignement universel (universal education), langue maternelle (Louvain and Dijon, 1823)—which passed through several editions—and in various other works; and he also advocated his views in the Journal de l’émancipation intellectuelle and elsewhere. For a complete list of his works and fuller details regarding his career, see Biographie de J. Jacotot, by Achille Guillard (Paris, 1860).[1]

Jacotot’s educational doctrines became popular in England through the interest taken by British educationalist Joseph Payne in a study of his work, called A Compendious Exposition of the Principles and Practice of Professor Jacotot’s Celebrated System of Education (1830). [3]

Jacotot's career and principles are also described by Jacques Rancière in The Ignorant Schoolmaster: Five Lessons in Intellectual Emancipation (Stanford University Press, 1991).

Publications

  • Enseignement universel, Langue maternelle (1823)
  • Musique, dessin et peinture (1824)
  • Mathématiques (1827)
  • Langues étrangères (1828)
  • Droit et philosophie panécastiques (1837)

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainChisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Jacotot, Joseph". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 121–122.
  2. ^ Bray, Patrick M., ed. (23 March 2017). Understanding Rancière, Understanding Modernism. ISBN 978-1-501-31137-6.
  3. ^ Howatt, A.P.R (3 June 2004). A History of English Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-194-42185-0. Retrieved 12 February 2022.

joseph, jacotot, this, article, relies, largely, entirely, single, source, relevant, discussion, found, talk, page, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, citations, additional, sources, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, febru. This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Joseph Jacotot news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2012 Joseph or Jean Joseph Jacotot 4 March 1770 30 July 1840 was a French teacher and educational philosopher creator of the method of intellectual emancipation Joseph JacototBorn 1770 03 04 4 March 1770Dijon FranceDied 1840 07 30 30 July 1840Paris FranceNationalityFrenchOccupation s Educationist teacher Contents 1 Life 2 Teaching method 3 Publications 4 ReferencesLife EditJacotot was born at Dijon on 4 March 1770 He was educated at the university of Dijon where in his nineteenth year he was made a professor of Latin after which he studied law became a lawyer and at the same time devoted a large amount of his attention to mathematics 1 In 1788 he organized a federation of the youth of Dijon for the defence of the principles of the Revolution and in 1792 with the rank of captain he set out to take part in the campaign of Belgium where he conducted himself with bravery and distinction After filling the office of secretary of the commission d organisation du mouvement des armees in 1794 he became deputy of the director of the Ecole Polytechnique Upon the founding of the central schools at Dijon he was appointed to the chair of the method or instruction of science There he made his first experiments in his emancipatory method of teaching When the central schools were replaced by other educational institutions Jacotot occupied the chairs of mathematics and of Roman law until the overthrow of the empire In 1815 he was elected a representative to the chamber of deputies but after the Second Restoration he found it necessary to quit his native land 1 Having taken up his residence at Brussels in 1818 Jacotot was nominated teacher of the French language at the University of Louvain where he systematized the educational principles which he had already practised successfully in France 1 Teaching method EditHis emancipatory or panecastic French panecastique everything in each from Greek pᾶn and ἕkaston method was not only adopted in several institutions in Belgium but also met with some approval in France England Germany and Russia It was based on three principles all men have equal intelligence every man has received from God the faculty of being able to instruct himself everything is in everything 1 Regarding the first principle he maintained that it is only in the will to use their intelligence that men differ His own process depending on the third principle was to give a student learning a language for the first time a short passage of a few lines and to encourage the pupil to study first the words then the letters then the grammar then the meaning until a single paragraph became the occasion for learning an entire literature 1 A book that he often used as a source material for learning was Les Aventures de Telemaque 2 After the revolution of 1830 Jacotot returned to France and he died in Paris on 30 July 1840 Jacotot described his system in Enseignement universel universal education langue maternelle Louvain and Dijon 1823 which passed through several editions and in various other works and he also advocated his views in the Journal de l emancipation intellectuelle and elsewhere For a complete list of his works and fuller details regarding his career see Biographie de J Jacotot by Achille Guillard Paris 1860 1 Jacotot s educational doctrines became popular in England through the interest taken by British educationalist Joseph Payne in a study of his work called A Compendious Exposition of the Principles and Practice of Professor Jacotot s Celebrated System of Education 1830 3 Jacotot s career and principles are also described by Jacques Ranciere in The Ignorant Schoolmaster Five Lessons in Intellectual Emancipation Stanford University Press 1991 Publications EditEnseignement universel Langue maternelle 1823 Musique dessin et peinture 1824 Mathematiques 1827 Langues etrangeres 1828 Droit et philosophie panecastiques 1837 References Edit a b c d e f One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Jacotot Joseph Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 15 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 121 122 Bray Patrick M ed 23 March 2017 Understanding Ranciere Understanding Modernism ISBN 978 1 501 31137 6 Howatt A P R 3 June 2004 A History of English Language Teaching Oxford Oxford University Press p 170 ISBN 978 0 194 42185 0 Retrieved 12 February 2022 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Joseph Jacotot Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Joseph Jacotot amp oldid 1081158102, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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