This article is about the New Zealand politician. For the Vermont politician and businessman, see Joseph D. Hatch. For the bellfounder, see Joseph Hatch (bellfounder).
Joseph Hatch (c. 1837 – 2 September 1928) was a New Zealand politician who is best remembered for the harvesting of penguins and elephant seals for their oil on the sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island from 1890 to 1919. Around two million penguins were killed over nearly three decades. His company, J. Hatch & Co., was based in Invercargill, New Zealand, and then Hobart, Tasmania, where he is buried.
Hatch was born in London, England, in 1837 or 1838, and was a qualified chemist (pharmacist). In 1862 en route from Melbourne to Invercargill he saw the island with multitudes of penguins and sea elephants. He settled in Invercargill where he opened a pharmacy.
In Invercargill, he became a Councillor in 1876. He was Mayor of Invercargill in 1877–1878.[1] He was the Member of Parliament for Invercargill from 1884 to 1887, when he was defeated by a previous holder of the position, Henry Feldwick.[2] His oil factor trade was controversial even then, although he was an entertaining speaker and debater. He stood in the Invercargill electorate once more in the 1893 election but was defeated by the incumbent, James Whyte Kelly.[3]
Oil tradeedit
The Dunedin firm of Elder and Co had pioneered the sea elephant oiling industry on Macquarie Island from 1878 to 1884. Hatch's gang started with sea elephant bulls in 1887, but in 1889 with fewer bulls and the Norwegian development of a steam-pressure digestor which could extract oil from meat and bone as well as blubber and from smaller animals like penguins, Hatch realised the financial potential from harvesting the penguins on Macquarie Island. Of the four species of penguin on the island (rockhopper, king, royal and gentoo) the royal penguin was mainly used. Eventually, oiling plants were established at Lusitania Bay, South East Bay, The Nuggets, Hasselborough Bay and Bauer Bay.
Hatch had a legal dispute with his captain, Jacob Eckhoff, over his ship, and there were three shipwrecks around the island (Gratitude, 1898; Clyde and Jessie Nichol 1910) with 20 deaths. The New Zealand Government was restricting the seal killing season from 1875, although Macquarie Island was unclaimed. By 1919 objections culminated in perhaps the first-ever international campaign to preserve wildlife, with Antarctic explorers like Douglas Mawson, Frank Hurley and Apsley Cherry-Garrard, supported by H. G. Wells in his story The Undying Fire and Baron Walter Rothschild.
Hatch had supporters in New Zealand as well, including his fellow Southland politician Sir Joseph Ward and the Tasmanian state government in Australia. He got a seven-year oiling lease from the Tasmanian state government in 1905, and in 1912 the headquarters was moved to Hobart, Tasmania. In 1915, a new company, Southern Isles Exploitation Co., was established but by 1919 the Tasmanian government would extend the lease only for a year. In 1922 Hatch was a Nationalist candidate for the state seat of Denison, but he was not elected.[4] By 1926, the company had collapsed, and Hatch lost his properties in Invercargill and Hobart.
Family and deathedit
He married Sarah Annie Wilson in Melbourne, Australia, in 1869. They had three daughters and four sons. Hatch died in 1928, aged 91.
Referencesedit
^. Invercargill City Council. Archived from the original on 9 August 2010. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
^Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. p. 203. OCLC 154283103.
^"The General Election, 1893". National Library. 1894. p. 3. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
^"Mr. Hatch at New Town". The Mercury. 26 May 1922.
Further readingedit
Chapple, Geoff (July–August 2005). "Harvest of Souls: the Oil Baron of Invercargill". New Zealand Geographic (74): 40–53.
De La Mere, A. J. (1990). Joseph Hatch and the loss of the Kakanui. Invercargill Licensing Trust/Craig Printing. ISBN0-473-01043-7.
Yska, Redmer (2001). An Errand of Mercy: Captain Jacob Eckhoff and the loss of the Kakanui. Wellington: Banshee Books. ISBN0-473-07699-3.
External linksedit
Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
Joseph Hatch and the Oiling Industry (Pdf document)
joseph, hatch, this, article, about, zealand, politician, vermont, politician, businessman, joseph, hatch, bellfounder, bellfounder, 1837, september, 1928, zealand, politician, best, remembered, harvesting, penguins, elephant, seals, their, antarctic, macquari. This article is about the New Zealand politician For the Vermont politician and businessman see Joseph D Hatch For the bellfounder see Joseph Hatch bellfounder Joseph Hatch c 1837 2 September 1928 was a New Zealand politician who is best remembered for the harvesting of penguins and elephant seals for their oil on the sub Antarctic Macquarie Island from 1890 to 1919 Around two million penguins were killed over nearly three decades His company J Hatch amp Co was based in Invercargill New Zealand and then Hobart Tasmania where he is buried Joseph HatchMember of the New Zealand Parliament for InvercargillIn office 1884 1887Personal detailsBorn1837London EnglandDied 1928 09 02 2 September 1928Tasmania AustraliaNationalityNew ZealandPolitical partyIndependentOccupationPolitician businessmanKnown forHarvesting penguins and elephant seals for their oil Contents 1 Early life 2 Political career 3 Oil trade 4 Family and death 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksEarly life editHatch was born in London England in 1837 or 1838 and was a qualified chemist pharmacist In 1862 en route from Melbourne to Invercargill he saw the island with multitudes of penguins and sea elephants He settled in Invercargill where he opened a pharmacy Political career editNew Zealand Parliament Years Term Electorate Party1884 1887 9th Invercargill IndependentIn Invercargill he became a Councillor in 1876 He was Mayor of Invercargill in 1877 1878 1 He was the Member of Parliament for Invercargill from 1884 to 1887 when he was defeated by a previous holder of the position Henry Feldwick 2 His oil factor trade was controversial even then although he was an entertaining speaker and debater He stood in the Invercargill electorate once more in the 1893 election but was defeated by the incumbent James Whyte Kelly 3 Oil trade editThe Dunedin firm of Elder and Co had pioneered the sea elephant oiling industry on Macquarie Island from 1878 to 1884 Hatch s gang started with sea elephant bulls in 1887 but in 1889 with fewer bulls and the Norwegian development of a steam pressure digestor which could extract oil from meat and bone as well as blubber and from smaller animals like penguins Hatch realised the financial potential from harvesting the penguins on Macquarie Island Of the four species of penguin on the island rockhopper king royal and gentoo the royal penguin was mainly used Eventually oiling plants were established at Lusitania Bay South East Bay The Nuggets Hasselborough Bay and Bauer Bay Hatch had a legal dispute with his captain Jacob Eckhoff over his ship and there were three shipwrecks around the island Gratitude 1898 Clyde and Jessie Nichol 1910 with 20 deaths The New Zealand Government was restricting the seal killing season from 1875 although Macquarie Island was unclaimed By 1919 objections culminated in perhaps the first ever international campaign to preserve wildlife with Antarctic explorers like Douglas Mawson Frank Hurley and Apsley Cherry Garrard supported by H G Wells in his story The Undying Fire and Baron Walter Rothschild Hatch had supporters in New Zealand as well including his fellow Southland politician Sir Joseph Ward and the Tasmanian state government in Australia He got a seven year oiling lease from the Tasmanian state government in 1905 and in 1912 the headquarters was moved to Hobart Tasmania In 1915 a new company Southern Isles Exploitation Co was established but by 1919 the Tasmanian government would extend the lease only for a year In 1922 Hatch was a Nationalist candidate for the state seat of Denison but he was not elected 4 By 1926 the company had collapsed and Hatch lost his properties in Invercargill and Hobart Family and death editHe married Sarah Annie Wilson in Melbourne Australia in 1869 They had three daughters and four sons Hatch died in 1928 aged 91 References edit Mayors down the years Invercargill City Council Archived from the original on 9 August 2010 Retrieved 18 October 2010 Wilson James Oakley 1985 First ed published 1913 New Zealand Parliamentary Record 1840 1984 4th ed Wellington V R Ward Govt Printer p 203 OCLC 154283103 The General Election 1893 National Library 1894 p 3 Retrieved 19 November 2013 Mr Hatch at New Town The Mercury 26 May 1922 Further reading editChapple Geoff July August 2005 Harvest of Souls the Oil Baron of Invercargill New Zealand Geographic 74 40 53 De La Mere A J 1990 Joseph Hatch and the loss of the Kakanui Invercargill Licensing Trust Craig Printing ISBN 0 473 01043 7 Yska Redmer 2001 An Errand of Mercy Captain Jacob Eckhoff and the loss of the Kakanui Wellington Banshee Books ISBN 0 473 07699 3 External links editDictionary of New Zealand Biography Harvest of Souls from New Zealand Geographic Joseph Hatch and the Oiling Industry Pdf document Labels for Elephant Seal Harness Oil Pdf document Political officesPreceded byJohn Cuthbertson Mayor of Invercargill1877 1878 Succeeded byGeorge LumsdenNew Zealand ParliamentPreceded byHenry Feldwick Member of Parliament for Invercargill1884 1887 Succeeded byHenry Feldwick Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Joseph Hatch amp oldid 1193707836, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
