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John Holden Greene

November 23, 2023

John Holden Greene (1777-1850) was a noted early nineteenth century architect practicing in Providence, Rhode Island. The bulk of his work dates to the late Federal period, and is mostly in the architectural style of the same name.[1] Greene is responsible for the design of over fifty buildings built in the city between 1806 and 1830, almost half of which are still standing. [2]

John Holden Greene
BornSeptember 9, 1777
Warwick, Rhode Island
DiedSeptember 5, 1850
Providence, Rhode Island
NationalityAmerican
OccupationArchitect
House for Candace Allen, Providence, Rhode Island, 1818-19.

Life and career edit

John Holden Greene was born September 9, 1777, in Warwick, Rhode Island, to Thomas Rice and Mary (Briggs) Greene.[3] In 1794, at the age of seventeen, Greene went to Providence and apprenticed himself to housewright Caleb Ormsbee.[4] Greene completed his apprenticeship and remained in Ormsbee's employ until his death in 1807. Greene then began to work at the same trade under his own name. By 1824, he was listed in the Providence directory as an architect, rather than as carpenter or housewright.[5] He practiced as an architect until his death, but very few buildings can be positively attributed to him after 1830. This is believed to be related to his bankruptcy that resulted from the Panic of 1837 and the depression that followed.[6]

During his career, Greene had many apprentices.[4] The most prominent of these was James C. Bucklin, a successful Providence architect who was co-designer of the Providence Arcade.

Personal life edit

Greene married in 1800 to Elizabeth Beverly of Dighton, Massachusetts. They had four children who lived to adulthood.[3] Their eldest child, Albert Gorton Greene, would achieve some success in the legal profession.

Greene died September 5, 1850, in Providence. He was buried in the North Burial Ground, where his wife would join him in 1856.[3]

Influence and legacy edit

During this period, Greene was influential in introducing the L-shaped plan to domestic design. He also introduced the Gothic style to Providence with his house for Sullivan Dorr, completed in 1809.[1] The distinctive early nineteenth century Federal architecture of the city is largely attributed to Greene and his apprentices.[1] After 1830, his identified works were all designed in the Greek Revival style, though he did not become known for this style.

Though Greene's influence waned after the emergence of Greek Revival architects James C. Bucklin, Russell Warren and others, his style was revived in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as part of the larger Colonial Revival movement.

The most prominent building of this era influenced by Greene's architecture is Pendleton House of the Rhode Island School of Design Museum, designed by Edmund R. Willson and completed in 1906.[1] Willson, of the firm of Stone, Carpenter & Willson, was responsible for a number of houses in the Federal style. Norman M. Isham, who wrote a monagraph on the architect, also designed several houses besed on Greene's work including the Benjamin Aborn Jackson House in Barrington, Rhode Island, completed in 1913.[7] Architects Albert Harkness, Wallis Eastburn Howe and the firm of Jackson, Robertson & Adams were also responsible for many houses and other buildings in the style. The Federal Revival in Providence lasted from roughly 1900 to 1940.[1]

Much later, the architect Friedrich St. Florian referenced Greene's work in his design of a Postmodern house for Richard E. Edwards on Prospect Street in Providence, built in 1980-82.[8]

At least four buildings attributed to Greene have been listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places.

List of architectural works edit

Gallery of architectural works edit

See also edit

List of Brown University buildings

Notes edit

  1. ^ Greene introduced Gothic architecture to Providence with this house, using details based on the pattern books of Batty Langley.[1]
  2. ^ The architect of the building is not documented, though Rhode Island architectural historian William Jordy has argued that Greene is the most likely designer.[11] The name of Russell Warren has also been offered as a possible designer.
  3. ^ When the hotel was demolished, the facade was incorporated into the College Building, built on the site and completed in 1937 to a design by architects Jackson, Robertson & Adams.
  4. ^ When this house was demolished, the large second-floor window was salvaged and placed on Green's Arnold-Palmer House in Providence, then being restored.[20] also called the Harris-Easton House.
  5. ^ This was unique among Providence houses in that its interior rooms were arranged around an octagonal rotunda.

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w William McKenzie Woodward and Edward F. Sanderson, Providence: A Citywide Survey of Historic Resources, ed. David Chase (Providence: Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission, 1986)
  2. ^ . Brown.edu. Archived from the original on 17 October 2010. Retrieved 18 December 2011.
  3. ^ a b c Louise Brownell Clarke, The Greenes of Rhode Island, with Historical Records of English Ancestry, 1534-1902, Complied from the Mss. of Major-General George Sears Greene, U. S. V. (New York: Knickerbocker Press, 1903)
  4. ^ a b c William McKenzie Woodward, "Greene, John Holden," in
  5. ^ The Providence Directory (Providence: Brown & Danforth, 1824)
  6. ^ Frank Hurdis, "Introduction," in John Holden Greene: Carpenter-Architect of Providence, ed. Deborah Neu (Providence: Mowbray Company, 1972)
  7. ^ Benjamin Aborn Jackson House NRHP Registration Form (2008)
  8. ^ William McKenzie Woodward, PPS/AIAri Guide to Providence Architecture (Providence: Providence Preservation Society, 2003)
  9. ^ "Providence Architecture | Locations | Sullivan Dorr House". Brown.edu. Retrieved 18 December 2011.
  10. ^ "Robert S. Burroughs House, 6 Cooke Street, Providence, Providence County, RI". https://www.loc.gov/. n.d. Web.
  11. ^ a b c Jordy, William H. Buildings of Rhode Island. 2004.
  12. ^ "Providence Architecture | Locations | First Unitarian Church". Brown.edu. Retrieved 18 December 2011.
  13. ^ a b c Cady, John Hutchins. The Civic and Architectural Development of Providence, 1636-1950. 1957.
  14. ^ "William Wilkinson House, 69 College Street, Providence, Providence County, RI". https://www.loc.gov/. n.d. Web.
  15. ^ Greene, Thomas E. and Barbara A. Images of America: North Providence. 1996.
  16. ^ Pawtucket, Rhode Island: Statewide Historical Preservation Report P-PA-1 (Providence: Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission, 1978)
  17. ^ Maynard, W. Barksdale. Architecture in the United States, 1800-1850. 2002.
  18. ^ The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Rhode Island. 1881.
  19. ^ "Providence Architecture | Locations | Truman Beckwith House". Brown.edu. Retrieved 18 December 2011.
  20. ^ Arnold–Palmer House NRHP Registration Form (1972)
  21. ^ Preservation Society of Pawtucket
  22. ^ Historic and Architectural Resources of the East Side, Providence: A Preliminary Report. 1989.
  23. ^ Johnson, Elizabeth J., James L. Wheaton, and Susan L. Reed. Images of America: Pawtucket. Vol. 1. 1995.

November 23, 2023
john, holden, greene, 1777, 1850, noted, early, nineteenth, century, architect, practicing, providence, rhode, island, bulk, work, dates, late, federal, period, mostly, architectural, style, same, name, greene, responsible, design, over, fifty, buildings, buil. John Holden Greene 1777 1850 was a noted early nineteenth century architect practicing in Providence Rhode Island The bulk of his work dates to the late Federal period and is mostly in the architectural style of the same name 1 Greene is responsible for the design of over fifty buildings built in the city between 1806 and 1830 almost half of which are still standing 2 John Holden GreeneBornSeptember 9 1777Warwick Rhode IslandDiedSeptember 5 1850Providence Rhode IslandNationalityAmericanOccupationArchitectHouse for Candace Allen Providence Rhode Island 1818 19 Contents 1 Life and career 2 Personal life 3 Influence and legacy 4 List of architectural works 5 Gallery of architectural works 6 See also 7 Notes 8 ReferencesLife and career editJohn Holden Greene was born September 9 1777 in Warwick Rhode Island to Thomas Rice and Mary Briggs Greene 3 In 1794 at the age of seventeen Greene went to Providence and apprenticed himself to housewright Caleb Ormsbee 4 Greene completed his apprenticeship and remained in Ormsbee s employ until his death in 1807 Greene then began to work at the same trade under his own name By 1824 he was listed in the Providence directory as an architect rather than as carpenter or housewright 5 He practiced as an architect until his death but very few buildings can be positively attributed to him after 1830 This is believed to be related to his bankruptcy that resulted from the Panic of 1837 and the depression that followed 6 During his career Greene had many apprentices 4 The most prominent of these was James C Bucklin a successful Providence architect who was co designer of the Providence Arcade Personal life editGreene married in 1800 to Elizabeth Beverly of Dighton Massachusetts They had four children who lived to adulthood 3 Their eldest child Albert Gorton Greene would achieve some success in the legal profession Greene died September 5 1850 in Providence He was buried in the North Burial Ground where his wife would join him in 1856 3 Influence and legacy editDuring this period Greene was influential in introducing the L shaped plan to domestic design He also introduced the Gothic style to Providence with his house for Sullivan Dorr completed in 1809 1 The distinctive early nineteenth century Federal architecture of the city is largely attributed to Greene and his apprentices 1 After 1830 his identified works were all designed in the Greek Revival style though he did not become known for this style Though Greene s influence waned after the emergence of Greek Revival architects James C Bucklin Russell Warren and others his style was revived in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as part of the larger Colonial Revival movement The most prominent building of this era influenced by Greene s architecture is Pendleton House of the Rhode Island School of Design Museum designed by Edmund R Willson and completed in 1906 1 Willson of the firm of Stone Carpenter amp Willson was responsible for a number of houses in the Federal style Norman M Isham who wrote a monagraph on the architect also designed several houses besed on Greene s work including the Benjamin Aborn Jackson House in Barrington Rhode Island completed in 1913 7 Architects Albert Harkness Wallis Eastburn Howe and the firm of Jackson Robertson amp Adams were also responsible for many houses and other buildings in the style The Federal Revival in Providence lasted from roughly 1900 to 1940 1 Much later the architect Friedrich St Florian referenced Greene s work in his design of a Postmodern house for Richard E Edwards on Prospect Street in Providence built in 1980 82 8 At least four buildings attributed to Greene have been listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places List of architectural works editHouse for John Holden Greene 33 Thayer St Providence Rhode Island 1806 altered 1 House for Sullivan Dorr a 109 Benefit St Providence Rhode Island 1809 9 Episcopal Cathedral of St John 271 N Main St Providence Rhode Island 1810 House for Robert S Burrough 6 Cooke St Providence Rhode Island 1810 10 Bristol County Courthouse former b 240 High St Bristol Rhode Island 1816 18 NRHP listed 1970 11 First Unitarian Church 301 Benefit St Providence Rhode Island 1816 12 House for Benjamin Hoppin 283 Westminster St Providence Rhode Island 1816 demolished 1875 13 Independent Presbyterian Church 207 Bull St Savannah Georgia 1817 19 4 House for James Burrough 160 Power St Providence Rhode Island 1818 11 House for John Larcher Jr 282 Benefit St Providence Rhode Island 1818 20 1 House for William Wilkinson 69 College St Providence Rhode Island 1818 demolished 1954 14 House for Candace Allen 12 Benevolent St Providence Rhode Island 1819 20 NRHP listed 1973 1 Middle House Moses Brown School 250 Lloyd Ave Providence Rhode Island 1819 NRHP listed 1980 Altered 1 House for Thomas Peckham 395 Benefit St Providence Rhode Island c 1820 altered 1 House for Robert S Burrough 110 Benevolent St Providence Rhode Island 1821 altered 1905 NRHP listed 1976 House for Thomas Whitaker 67 George St Providence Rhode Island 1821 24 1 Allendale Mill 494 Woonasquatucket Ave North Providence Rhode Island 1822 NRHP listed 1973 15 House for Philip Allen 196 Nelson St Providence Rhode Island 1822 altered 1 House for John Holden Greene 150 Power St Providence Rhode Island 1822 1 Franklin House c 2 College St Providence Rhode Island 1823 24 altered 1 Granite Block 6 18 Market Sq Providence Rhode Island 1823 demolished 1 House for Jonathan Baker 67 Park Pl Pawtucket Rhode Island 1823 16 House for Stephen Waterman 181 Weybosset St Providence Rhode Island 1823 demolished 1 Roger Williams Bank Building 27 N Main St Providence Rhode Island 1823 demolished 1912 17 Comstock Block 263 271 S Main St Providence Rhode Island 1824 1 Dyer Block 199 215 Weybosset St Providence Rhode Island 1824 altered 1 18 Houses for George and William Bucklin 8 and 10 Arnold St Providence Rhode Island c 1824 1 First Universalist Church 290 Westminster St Providence Rhode Island 1825 demolished 1873 13 House for Daniel Arnold 33 Chestnut St Providence Rhode Island 1826 NRHP listed 1972 1 House for Truman Beckwith 42 College St Providence Rhode Island 1826 19 House for Edward Harris d 162 East Ave Pawtucket Rhode Island 1827 demolished 21 Dexter Asylum 235 Hope St Providence Rhode Island 1828 demolished 1966 22 House for Benoni Cooke 114 S Main St Providence Rhode Island 1828 1 House for Rufus Waterman 219 Benefit St Providence Rhode Island 1830 altered 1 House for Benjamin Harris e 59 George St Providence Rhode Island 1835 demolished 1915 13 First Baptist Church High and Summer Sts Pawtucket Rhode Island 1842 burned 1957 23 Gallery of architectural works edit nbsp Cathedral of St John Providence RI 1810 nbsp Bristol County Courthouse Bristol RI 1816 18 nbsp House for Benjamin Hoppin Providence RI 1816 nbsp First Unitarian Church Providence RI 1816 nbsp Independent Presbyterian Church Savannah Georgia 1819 nbsp Middle House Moses Brown School Providence RI 1819 nbsp House for Robert S Burrough Providence RI 1821 nbsp House for Thomas Whitaker Providence RI 1821 24 nbsp Allendale Mill North Providence Rhode Island 1822 nbsp Franklin House Providence Rhode Island 1823 24 nbsp House for Daniel Arnold Providence Rhode Island 1826 nbsp Dexter Asylum Providence Rhode Island 1828 nbsp House for Benoni Cooke Providence Rhode Island 1828See also editList of Brown University buildingsNotes edit Greene introduced Gothic architecture to Providence with this house using details based on the pattern books of Batty Langley 1 The architect of the building is not documented though Rhode Island architectural historian William Jordy has argued that Greene is the most likely designer 11 The name of Russell Warren has also been offered as a possible designer When the hotel was demolished the facade was incorporated into the College Building built on the site and completed in 1937 to a design by architects Jackson Robertson amp Adams When this house was demolished the large second floor window was salvaged and placed on Green s Arnold Palmer House in Providence then being restored 20 also called the Harris Easton House This was unique among Providence houses in that its interior rooms were arranged around an octagonal rotunda References edit a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w William McKenzie Woodward and Edward F Sanderson Providence A Citywide Survey of Historic Resources ed David Chase Providence Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission 1986 Providence Architecture Brown edu Archived from the original on 17 October 2010 Retrieved 18 December 2011 a b c Louise Brownell Clarke The Greenes of Rhode Island with Historical Records of English Ancestry 1534 1902 Complied from the Mss of Major General George Sears Greene U S V New York Knickerbocker Press 1903 a b c William McKenzie Woodward Greene John Holden in The Providence Directory Providence Brown amp Danforth 1824 Frank Hurdis Introduction in John Holden Greene Carpenter Architect of Providence ed Deborah Neu Providence Mowbray Company 1972 Benjamin Aborn Jackson House NRHP Registration Form 2008 William McKenzie Woodward PPS AIAri Guide to Providence Architecture Providence Providence Preservation Society 2003 Providence Architecture Locations Sullivan Dorr House Brown edu Retrieved 18 December 2011 Robert S Burroughs House 6 Cooke Street Providence Providence County RI https www loc gov n d Web a b c Jordy William H Buildings of Rhode Island 2004 Providence Architecture Locations First Unitarian Church Brown edu Retrieved 18 December 2011 a b c Cady John Hutchins The Civic and Architectural Development of Providence 1636 1950 1957 William Wilkinson House 69 College Street Providence Providence County RI https www loc gov n d Web Greene Thomas E and Barbara A Images of America North Providence 1996 Pawtucket Rhode Island Statewide Historical Preservation Report P PA 1 Providence Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission 1978 Maynard W Barksdale Architecture in the United States 1800 1850 2002 The Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Rhode Island 1881 Providence Architecture Locations Truman Beckwith House Brown edu Retrieved 18 December 2011 Arnold Palmer House NRHP Registration Form 1972 Preservation Society of Pawtucket Historic and Architectural Resources of the East Side Providence A Preliminary Report 1989 Johnson Elizabeth J James L Wheaton and Susan L Reed Images of America Pawtucket Vol 1 1995 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John Holden Greene amp oldid 1174134264, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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