Garland was born in Virginia to Hudson Martin and Elizabeth Penn (née Phillips) Garland. His mother was the grandniece of William Penn. One of his brothers was James Garland.[1] He joined the U.S. Army during the War of 1812 and by 1813 was a first lieutenant. He served throughout the war in the 35th Infantry and was transferred to the 3rd Infantry at the war's close. He stayed in the army serving in the quartermaster's department. He fought under General William J. Worth in the Seminole Wars in northern and central Florida.
Garland joined Winfield Scott's army and, for the second time in his career, he was serving under William Worth, who was now his division commander. Garland fought at the battles of Veracruz, Battle of Cerro Gordo, Contreras and Churubusco. For his distinguished services in the last two battles, he was appointed brevet brigadier general of regulars. He led his brigade at the Battle of Molino del Rey and in the attack on Chapultepec. He had survived the war thus far without any serious injury, but when he marched his brigade into fallen Mexico City, he was hit in the chest by a Mexican sharpshooter and severely wounded.
Utah War and Civil Waredit
He recovered and returned to duty in the army, being made colonel of the 8th U.S. Infantry. In 1848 James Longstreet married Garland's daughter and named his firstborn son John Garland Longstreet in honor of his father-in-law. Garland was in command of a military district that dealt with the Utah War in 1857–58. He was still on active duty in the Regular Army when the American Civil War broke out in 1861. He stayed loyal to the Union, despite being from Virginia and his close ties with James Longstreet, who soon became a prominent Confederate general. His services to the North were short lived however, as he died on June 5, 1861, in New York City while still on active duty.
^Early, Ruth Hairston (1927). Campbell chronicles and family sketches, embracing the history of Campbell County, Virginia. Lynchburg, VA: J. P. Bell Company. p. 414. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
^Grant, by Jean Edward Smith, Simon & Schuster, 2001, Location 926 Kindle Edition
^"Local Matters". Daily National Intelligencer. June 10, 1861. p. 3.
^"Oak Hill Cemetery, Georgetown, D.C. (North Hill) - Lot 171" (PDF). oakhillcemeterydc.org. (PDF) from the original on March 2, 2022.
^. San Luis Valley Museum Association. Archived from the original on July 18, 2013. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
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December 15, 2023
john, garland, general, other, people, with, same, name, john, garland, disambiguation, john, garland, november, 1793, june, 1861, american, general, regular, army, long, distinguished, career, spanning, fifty, years, service, during, 1812, seminole, wars, mex. For other people with the same name see John Garland disambiguation John Garland November 15 1793 June 5 1861 was an American general in the Regular Army who had a long and distinguished career spanning fifty years of service during the War of 1812 Seminole Wars Mexican American War Utah War and very briefly into the American Civil War John GarlandBornNovember 15 1793 1793 11 15 VirginiaDiedJune 5 1861 1861 06 06 aged 67 New York City New York U S Place of burialOak Hill CemeteryGeorgetown Washington D C AllegianceUnited States of AmericaUnionService wbr branchUnited States ArmyUnion ArmyYears of service1813 1861RankColonel Bvt Brigadier GeneralCommands held8th U S InfantryBattles warsWar of 1812 Seminole Wars Mexican American War Battle of Palo Alto Battle of Resaca de la Palma Battle of Monterrey Siege of Vera Cruz Battle of Cerro Gordo Battle of Contreras Battle of Churubusco Battle of Molino del Rey Battle of Chapultepec American Civil War Contents 1 Early life and career 2 Mexico 2 1 Northern Mexico 2 2 Central Mexico 3 Utah War and Civil War 4 Honors 5 References 6 External linksEarly life and career editGarland was born in Virginia to Hudson Martin and Elizabeth Penn nee Phillips Garland His mother was the grandniece of William Penn One of his brothers was James Garland 1 He joined the U S Army during the War of 1812 and by 1813 was a first lieutenant He served throughout the war in the 35th Infantry and was transferred to the 3rd Infantry at the war s close He stayed in the army serving in the quartermaster s department He fought under General William J Worth in the Seminole Wars in northern and central Florida Mexico editNorthern Mexico edit Garland was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the 4th U S Infantry on May 7 1839 He fought under Zachary Taylor at the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma During this time he commanded a second lieutenant U S Grant 2 For services in these two battles he was brevetted to full colonel and commanded a brigade of regulars in David E Twiggs division of the Army of Occupation At the Battle of Monterrey Garland temporarily led the division in the initial attack on the city as General Twiggs had taken an overdose of a laxative before the battle Central Mexico edit Garland joined Winfield Scott s army and for the second time in his career he was serving under William Worth who was now his division commander Garland fought at the battles of Veracruz Battle of Cerro Gordo Contreras and Churubusco For his distinguished services in the last two battles he was appointed brevet brigadier general of regulars He led his brigade at the Battle of Molino del Rey and in the attack on Chapultepec He had survived the war thus far without any serious injury but when he marched his brigade into fallen Mexico City he was hit in the chest by a Mexican sharpshooter and severely wounded Utah War and Civil War editHe recovered and returned to duty in the army being made colonel of the 8th U S Infantry In 1848 James Longstreet married Garland s daughter and named his firstborn son John Garland Longstreet in honor of his father in law Garland was in command of a military district that dealt with the Utah War in 1857 58 He was still on active duty in the Regular Army when the American Civil War broke out in 1861 He stayed loyal to the Union despite being from Virginia and his close ties with James Longstreet who soon became a prominent Confederate general His services to the North were short lived however as he died on June 5 1861 in New York City while still on active duty Garland was interred at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington D C 3 4 His nephew Samuel Garland Jr served as a Confederate general and was killed at the Battle of South Mountain in 1862 Honors editFort Garland in Colorado was named for him 5 References editEicher John H and Eicher David J Civil War High Commands Stanford University Press 2001 ISBN 0 8047 3641 3 Early Ruth Hairston 1927 Campbell chronicles and family sketches embracing the history of Campbell County Virginia Lynchburg VA J P Bell Company p 414 Retrieved December 9 2016 Grant by Jean Edward Smith Simon amp Schuster 2001 Location 926 Kindle Edition Local Matters Daily National Intelligencer June 10 1861 p 3 Oak Hill Cemetery Georgetown D C North Hill Lot 171 PDF oakhillcemeterydc org Archived PDF from the original on March 2 2022 The Story of Fort Garland 1858 1883 San Luis Valley Museum Association Archived from the original on July 18 2013 Retrieved December 9 2016 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to John Garland general Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John Garland general amp oldid 1189150483, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
