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Jefferson Highway

December 25, 2023

This article is about the highway from New Orleans to Winnipeg. For the highway in Oregon, see Jefferson Highway (Oregon).

The Jefferson Highway was an automobile highway stretching through the central United States from New Orleans, Louisiana, to Winnipeg, Manitoba in Canada. The Jefferson Highway was replaced with the new numbered US Highway system in the late 1920s. Portions of the highway are still named Jefferson Highway, for example: the portions that run through Jefferson Parish, Louisiana; East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana; Lee's Summit, Missouri; Osseo, Minnesota; and Wadena, Minnesota.

Jefferson Highway

Major junctions
FromNew Orleans, Louisiana
ToWinnipeg, Manitoba
Location
CountryUnited States
Highway system

It was built in the 1910s as part of the National Auto Trail system.

Named for President Thomas Jefferson, inspired by the east–west Lincoln Highway, it was nicknamed the "Palm to Pine Highway", for the varying types of trees found at either end.

History edit

 
1917 Obelisk marking southern end of Jefferson Highway, on the corner of St. Charles & Common Streets in the New Orleans Central Business District

The southern terminus of the Jefferson Highway was in New Orleans, Louisiana at the intersection of St. Charles Avenue and Common Street.[1] It is marked by a six-foot tall Georgia granite obelisk donated by the New Orleans chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. The obelisk was installed on April 15, 1918,[2] and it was formally dedicated the following January.[3]

The original route (finalized in December 1916)[4] on today's roads is as follows:

  • Louisiana
    • New Orleans to Kenner:
      • From the southern terminus at Common Street, the Jefferson Highway followed St. Charles Avenue, Canal Street, City Park Avenue, and Metairie Road into Jefferson Parish.
      • Leaving New Orleans, the Jefferson Highway followed Metairie Road, Shrewsbury Road, and Jefferson Highway to Kenner. This route is covered by LA 611-9, LA 3261, LA 611-3, US 90, and LA 48. (The section of road that is called "Jefferson Highway" between Shrewsbury Road and the New Orleans city limits at South Claiborne Avenue was not part of the original route, as it did not exist until 1928.)[5]
    • Kenner to Geismar:
    • Geismar to Baton Rouge:
      • From Geismar to Baton Rouge, the route followed LA 73 and is still known as (Old) Jefferson Highway.
      • The original routing through downtown Baton Rouge followed Claycut Road, LA 427 (South Acadian Thruway), LA 73 (Government Street), 19th Street, and North Street to the former Mississippi River ferry landing to Port Allen.
    • Port Allen to Alexandria:
    • Alexandria to Pineville:
      • US 71 (Jefferson Hwy. or MacArthur Dr.), Lee Street, Main Street, and Murray Street through Alexandria.
      • The Jefferson Highway crossed the Red River on a now-demolished bridge at the foot of Murray Street into Pineville.
      • US 165-BUS (Main Street and Military Highway), LA 180 (Jefferson Highway), and US 71 (Shreveport Highway) through Pineville.
    • Pineville to Nachitoches:
      • US 71 and LA 3225 (Shreveport Highway). (Stainaker Street is a small, severed portion of the original route near the junction of US 71 and LA 3225.)
      • US 71, LA 492, and LA 8 to Colfax. (Numerous curves were straightened along this route sometime after 1956 and exist as small pieces of road such as: Old US 71, Walker Gravel Pit Road, and Parker Street west of LA 3225; Old US 71 and Rocky Lane at Rock Hill; and Old Jefferson Highway just south of Colfax.)
      • LA 158 and US 71 to just south of Montgomery, following Old Jefferson Highway into town and leaving via North Jefferson Highway.
      • US 71 and LA 1225 to Clarence.
      • LA 6 to Natchitoches.
    • Natchitoches to Shreveport:
    • Shreveport to Texas state line:
      • US 171, Mansfield Road, and US 79-US 80 (Greenwood Road) to I-20 at Flournoy.
      • Westbrook Road, LA 511 (West 70th Street), US 79-80 (Greenwood Road) to Greenwood.
      • US 80 (Texas Avenue) across the state line toward Waskom, Texas.

When Louisiana numbered its state highways in 1921, the entire length of the Jefferson Highway through Louisiana was designated as State Route 1. This route was in effect until the 1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering. When the U.S. Highway System was designated in 1926, the Jefferson Highway was split into four U.S. Highways in Louisiana: US 61 from New Orleans to Baton Rouge (before it was re-routed onto the Airline Highway), US 71 from Baton Rouge to Clarence, US 171 from Mansfield to Shreveport, and US 80 from Shreveport west into Texas. The section between Natchitoches and Mansfield was not included in the U.S. Highway System.

Cities along the route edit

 
The JH near Leon, Iowa, in 1917

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ [The Times-Picayune, 17 December 1916]
  2. ^ [The New Orleans Item, 16 April 1918]
  3. ^ [The Times-Picayune, 15 January 1919]
  4. ^ [The Times-Picayune, 17 December 1916]
  5. ^ [The Times-Picayune, 30 July 1928]

External links edit

  • Jefferson Highway Map
  • Jefferson Highway Association
  • The Jefferson Highway Route in Oklahoma
  • Palm to Pine
  • (Section of Iowa Lincoln Highway Association newsletter Summer/Fall 2000)
  • (Powers Museum, Carthage, Missouri)
  • , filed with the Minnesota Department of Highways on August 9, 1917
  • Jefferson Highway, newspaper article on the route, hosted by Iowa Department of Transportation

December 25, 2023
jefferson, highway, this, article, about, highway, from, orleans, winnipeg, highway, oregon, oregon, automobile, highway, stretching, through, central, united, states, from, orleans, louisiana, winnipeg, manitoba, canada, replaced, with, numbered, highway, sys. This article is about the highway from New Orleans to Winnipeg For the highway in Oregon see Jefferson Highway Oregon The Jefferson Highway was an automobile highway stretching through the central United States from New Orleans Louisiana to Winnipeg Manitoba in Canada The Jefferson Highway was replaced with the new numbered US Highway system in the late 1920s Portions of the highway are still named Jefferson Highway for example the portions that run through Jefferson Parish Louisiana East Baton Rouge Parish Louisiana Lee s Summit Missouri Osseo Minnesota and Wadena Minnesota Jefferson HighwayMajor junctionsFromNew Orleans LouisianaToWinnipeg ManitobaLocationCountryUnited StatesHighway systemAuto trailsIt was built in the 1910s as part of the National Auto Trail system Named for President Thomas Jefferson inspired by the east west Lincoln Highway it was nicknamed the Palm to Pine Highway for the varying types of trees found at either end Contents 1 History 2 Cities along the route 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory edit nbsp 1917 Obelisk marking southern end of Jefferson Highway on the corner of St Charles amp Common Streets in the New Orleans Central Business DistrictThe southern terminus of the Jefferson Highway was in New Orleans Louisiana at the intersection of St Charles Avenue and Common Street 1 It is marked by a six foot tall Georgia granite obelisk donated by the New Orleans chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution The obelisk was installed on April 15 1918 2 and it was formally dedicated the following January 3 The original route finalized in December 1916 4 on today s roads is as follows Louisiana New Orleans to Kenner From the southern terminus at Common Street the Jefferson Highway followed St Charles Avenue Canal Street City Park Avenue and Metairie Road into Jefferson Parish Leaving New Orleans the Jefferson Highway followed Metairie Road Shrewsbury Road and Jefferson Highway to Kenner This route is covered by LA 611 9 LA 3261 LA 611 3 US 90 and LA 48 The section of road that is called Jefferson Highway between Shrewsbury Road and the New Orleans city limits at South Claiborne Avenue was not part of the original route as it did not exist until 1928 5 Kenner to Geismar From Kenner to Geismar the Jefferson Highway followed alongside the east bank levee of the Mississippi River which due to various sections of levee being relocated during the 1920s and 1930s is often a significant distance removed from the modern River Road Also a two mile section between Norco and Montz was eliminated in 1935 when the parallel U S 61 Bonnet Carre Spillway Bridge carrying Airline Highway across the Bonnet Carre Spillway was opened However the route is approximated by LA 48 to Norco River Road to Montz LA 628 to LaPlace LA 44 to Burnside LA 942 to Darrow and LA 75 to Geismar Portions of the River Road at Reserve and Gramercy are still known as Jefferson Highway Geismar to Baton Rouge From Geismar to Baton Rouge the route followed LA 73 and is still known as Old Jefferson Highway The original routing through downtown Baton Rouge followed Claycut Road LA 427 South Acadian Thruway LA 73 Government Street 19th Street and North Street to the former Mississippi River ferry landing to Port Allen Port Allen to Alexandria LA 987 Court Street North Jefferson Avenue and LA 986 Rosedale Road through Port Allen LA 76 to Rosedale LA 77 to Ravenswood LA 10 to Red Cross The Jefferson Highway crossed the Atchafalaya River by ferry to Melville and continued on LA 10 to Lebeau US 71 to Bunkie LA 1177 and US 71 to Cheneyville There is a short section of old Jefferson Highway off US 71 in Cheneyville US 71 and LA 456 to Lamourie Part of LA 456 at Lecompte is known as Jefferson Highway LA 470 US 71 167 briefly and Old Baton Rouge Highway to Alexandria Alexandria to Pineville US 71 Jefferson Hwy or MacArthur Dr Lee Street Main Street and Murray Street through Alexandria The Jefferson Highway crossed the Red River on a now demolished bridge at the foot of Murray Street into Pineville US 165 BUS Main Street and Military Highway LA 180 Jefferson Highway and US 71 Shreveport Highway through Pineville Pineville to Nachitoches US 71 and LA 3225 Shreveport Highway Stainaker Street is a small severed portion of the original route near the junction of US 71 and LA 3225 US 71 LA 492 and LA 8 to Colfax Numerous curves were straightened along this route sometime after 1956 and exist as small pieces of road such as Old US 71 Walker Gravel Pit Road and Parker Street west of LA 3225 Old US 71 and Rocky Lane at Rock Hill and Old Jefferson Highway just south of Colfax LA 158 and US 71 to just south of Montgomery following Old Jefferson Highway into town and leaving via North Jefferson Highway US 71 and LA 1225 to Clarence LA 6 to Natchitoches Natchitoches to Shreveport LA 6 via LA 3278 to Robeline Several curves have been straightened between I 49 and Robeline two of which exist as Old LA 6 and Johnny Floyd Road LA 120 to Belmont LA 175 via Old Jefferson Road north of Pelican to Mansfield following Old Jefferson Highway into town US 171 to Shreveport via Old Jefferson Road through Stonewall and Old Mansfield Road through Keithville Shreveport to Texas state line US 171 Mansfield Road and US 79 US 80 Greenwood Road to I 20 at Flournoy Westbrook Road LA 511 West 70th Street US 79 80 Greenwood Road to Greenwood US 80 Texas Avenue across the state line toward Waskom Texas When Louisiana numbered its state highways in 1921 the entire length of the Jefferson Highway through Louisiana was designated as State Route 1 This route was in effect until the 1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering When the U S Highway System was designated in 1926 the Jefferson Highway was split into four U S Highways in Louisiana US 61 from New Orleans to Baton Rouge before it was re routed onto the Airline Highway US 71 from Baton Rouge to Clarence US 171 from Mansfield to Shreveport and US 80 from Shreveport west into Texas The section between Natchitoches and Mansfield was not included in the U S Highway System Cities along the route edit nbsp The JH near Leon Iowa in 1917New Orleans Louisiana Alexandria Louisiana Bunkie Louisiana Shreveport Louisiana Bonham Texas Marshall Texas Mount Pleasant Texas Caddo Oklahoma McAlester Oklahoma Eufaula Oklahoma Checotah Oklahoma Muskogee Oklahoma Pryor Creek Oklahoma Vinita Oklahoma Miami Oklahoma Joplin Missouri Nevada Missouri Baxter Springs Kansas Pittsburg Kansas Frontenac Kansas Fort Scott Kansas Paola Kansas Overland Park Kansas Harrisonville Missouri Lee s Summit Missouri Kansas City Missouri Cameron Missouri Saint Joseph Missouri Lamoni Iowa Leon Iowa Osceola Iowa Indianola Iowa Des Moines Iowa Colo Iowa Mason City Iowa Albert Lea Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota St Cloud Minnesota Bemidji Minnesota Thief River Falls MinnesotaSee also editUnited States Highway system Jefferson Lines an intercity bus company operated service from Texas to Winnipeg and takes its name from the old Jefferson Highway As of October 7 2010 the Winnipeg Grand Forks section was terminated Manitoba Highway 75References edit The Times Picayune 17 December 1916 The New Orleans Item 16 April 1918 The Times Picayune 15 January 1919 The Times Picayune 17 December 1916 The Times Picayune 30 July 1928 External links editJefferson Highway Map Jefferson Highway Association The Jefferson Highway Route in Oklahoma Palm to Pine Welcome to the Jefferson Highway Section of Iowa Lincoln Highway Association newsletter Summer Fall 2000 More on the Jefferson Highway Powers Museum Carthage Missouri Jefferson Highway legal description within Minnesota filed with the Minnesota Department of Highways on August 9 1917 Jefferson Highway newspaper article on the route hosted by Iowa Department of TransportationPortals nbsp History nbsp Canada nbsp Roads nbsp U S Roads Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jefferson Highway amp oldid 1175886101, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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