A jeep train usually refers to a line of coupled railway vehicles hauled by a jeep fitted with railway wagon wheels instead of normal road wheels. World War II jeeps were converted from road vehicles into steel-wheeled rail switchers, shunters, light locomotives, speeders or draisines.[2] The phrase was also used for supply trains consisting of jeeps and for columns of jeeps linked together and pulled through bad ground by tractors. Not all primary sources will use this phrase in the same way. Colloquially, the term jeepomotive has been used on several occasions.[3][4][5][6]
US Demonstration run on a 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) track at Eagle Farm Aerodrome in Brisbane, Australia on 30 June 1943. A Jeep fitted with rail wheels could easily pull 10 tons.[7]
Adapting automobiles as gasoline railcars is recorded as early as 1912[8] and early publicity on Jeeps mentioned their potential use as an inspection car.[9] The USAAF in Australia used flanged-wheel jeeps as switchers in 1943, which led to testing as road-switchers for future operations in New Guinea. Perhaps the first large-scale use of jeep as locomotive was in the CBI theatre.[10] Eleven days after the Normandy landing, jeep speeders were in use on the continent, surveying lines for use or repair.[11] Postwar, jeep speeders were used as inspection cars, and jeep trains used for light service, including recreation. The Jeep train at Lewis and Clark Caverns claimed to be the shortest jeep railway.[12] Over time, hi-rail vehicles pushed dedicated speeders out of railroads; civilian jeeps were often used.
Australiaedit
In Borneo in 1945, Australian soldiers converted jeeps to run on rails in order to compensate for the lack of locomotives on a narrow gauge railway line.[13]
United Kingdomedit
The United Kingdom used railworthy Jeeps during World War II especially in France, Germany, and Burma. Jeep trains were used extensively during the Malayan Emergency.
Franceedit
French forces used rail jeeps – "jeep draisines" – including armoured rail jeeps, in Indochina, and later in the Algerian war.
Loads and speedsedit
A jeep, designed to draw 1,000 lb (450 kg) on the road, could pull much greater loads on rails thanks to the lower rolling resistance of rail vehicles. During Australian military operations in Borneo, jeeps hauled goods wagons with a payload of four tons of sand. In the Philippines, a jeep train hauled a total weight of 52 tons over a route 19 miles (31 km) long at a speed of 20 mph (32 km/h).
^Truck 1/4 Ton 4x4 GS, jeep: Australian Army Military History Section.
^Nevington War Museum: USA - Jeep Variants - Railway Jeeps.
^Aboard the Jeepomotive Express. Australian servicemen using the jeep railway in Sabah, 1945. Photo: Geelong Advertiser. Reproduced in Light Railways, No 135, January 1997, page 16.
^Like the tiny but powerful ant, the "jeepomotive" carries, pushes or pulls many times its own weight. The makers set the haulage maximum at 1,000 pounds, but "jeepomotives" have been known to draw a three-ton truck laden with four tons of sand on this system. Squadron leader Jack Liberty of Perth, WA, adapted the Jeep by designing special attachment to the wheels of Japanese motor transports and by modifying the standard Jeep axle to take these wheels and track the one-metre gauge. Officially the average speed of the Jeep-train has been set at fifteen miles per hour but army drivers always seem to run to time in spite of any delays on the route. North Borneo. 1945-08-01.
^Jeeptrain: "Jeep engine of one of the strangest railways in the world—in Borneo, between Jesselton, Beauford, and Melalap, covering 116 miles of one-metre gauge. Fighter-bombers and retreating Japs took heavy toll of locomotives and rolling stock, and an RAAF engineer designed a substitute locomotive, producing the 'jeepomotive.'" The Mercury, 3 September 1945. In: The University of Dayton Alumnus, January 1945.University of Dayton Magazine, 1 January 1945, page 7.
^Class Notes: "1940— Maj. Earl Wiley has the task of re-establishing railroad operations on Luzon. Instead of the conventional locomotive Earl converted a jeep into a "Jeepomotive" as the motive power of the narrow gauge railroad to Manila."
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A jeep train usually refers to a line of coupled railway vehicles hauled by a jeep fitted with railway wagon wheels instead of normal road wheels World War II jeeps were converted from road vehicles into steel wheeled rail switchers shunters light locomotives speeders or draisines 2 The phrase was also used for supply trains consisting of jeeps and for columns of jeeps linked together and pulled through bad ground by tractors Not all primary sources will use this phrase in the same way Colloquially the term jeepomotive has been used on several occasions 3 4 5 6 A Jeep train at the Australian War Memorial 1 Contents 1 History 1 1 United States 1 2 Australia 1 3 United Kingdom 1 4 France 2 Loads and speeds 3 Military use 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory editUnited States edit nbsp US Demonstration run on a 3 ft 6 in 1 067 mm track at Eagle Farm Aerodrome in Brisbane Australia on 30 June 1943 A Jeep fitted with rail wheels could easily pull 10 tons 7 Adapting automobiles as gasoline railcars is recorded as early as 1912 8 and early publicity on Jeeps mentioned their potential use as an inspection car 9 The USAAF in Australia used flanged wheel jeeps as switchers in 1943 which led to testing as road switchers for future operations in New Guinea Perhaps the first large scale use of jeep as locomotive was in the CBI theatre 10 Eleven days after the Normandy landing jeep speeders were in use on the continent surveying lines for use or repair 11 Postwar jeep speeders were used as inspection cars and jeep trains used for light service including recreation The Jeep train at Lewis and Clark Caverns claimed to be the shortest jeep railway 12 Over time hi rail vehicles pushed dedicated speeders out of railroads civilian jeeps were often used Australia edit In Borneo in 1945 Australian soldiers converted jeeps to run on rails in order to compensate for the lack of locomotives on a narrow gauge railway line 13 United Kingdom edit The United Kingdom used railworthy Jeeps during World War II especially in France Germany and Burma Jeep trains were used extensively during the Malayan Emergency France edit French forces used rail jeeps jeep draisines including armoured rail jeeps in Indochina and later in the Algerian war Loads and speeds editA jeep designed to draw 1 000 lb 450 kg on the road could pull much greater loads on rails thanks to the lower rolling resistance of rail vehicles During Australian military operations in Borneo jeeps hauled goods wagons with a payload of four tons of sand In the Philippines a jeep train hauled a total weight of 52 tons over a route 19 miles 31 km long at a speed of 20 mph 32 km h Military use edit nbsp Membukut Special in Beaufort Borneo 1945 nbsp Double heading on a long jeep train nbsp American jeep train in Burma nbsp Jeep train on a portable turntable in Kimanis Borneo nbsp General Wootten crosses the Bongowan river nbsp Kinarut station on the Jesselton to Papar railway nbsp British Jeep in France 1945 nbsp British jeeps between Myitkyina and Mogaung Burma 1944 nbsp British jeeps south of Mandalay Burma 1945See also editRoad rail vehicleReferences edit Truck 1 4 Ton 4x4 GS jeep Australian Army Military History Section Nevington War Museum USA Jeep Variants Railway Jeeps Aboard the Jeepomotive Express Australian servicemen using the jeep railway in Sabah 1945 Photo Geelong Advertiser Reproduced in Light Railways No 135 January 1997 page 16 Like the tiny but powerful ant the jeepomotive carries pushes or pulls many times its own weight The makers set the haulage maximum at 1 000 pounds but jeepomotives have been known to draw a three ton truck laden with four tons of sand on this system Squadron leader Jack Liberty of Perth WA adapted the Jeep by designing special attachment to the wheels of Japanese motor transports and by modifying the standard Jeep axle to take these wheels and track the one metre gauge Officially the average speed of the Jeep train has been set at fifteen miles per hour but army drivers always seem to run to time in spite of any delays on the route North Borneo 1945 08 01 Jeeptrain Jeep engine of one of the strangest railways in the world in Borneo between Jesselton Beauford and Melalap covering 116 miles of one metre gauge Fighter bombers and retreating Japs took heavy toll of locomotives and rolling stock and an RAAF engineer designed a substitute locomotive producing the jeepomotive The Mercury 3 September 1945 In The University of Dayton Alumnus January 1945 University of Dayton Magazine 1 January 1945 page 7 Class Notes 1940 Maj Earl Wiley has the task of re establishing railroad operations on Luzon Instead of the conventional locomotive Earl converted a jeep into a Jeepomotive as the motive power of the narrow gauge railroad to Manila Testing in Australia Highest Voltage Transmission System in the World Electrical World 59 16 846 April 20 1912 Retrieved 15 July 2015 Magazines Hearst November 1942 Miracle on Wheels Popular Mechanics 82 Boyd Sinclair Running On Time In a Timeless Land An elephant can be a locomotive and a tiger sometimes stopped a train Newell Clayton R Railroaders in Olive Drab The Military Railway Service in World War II PDF Retrieved 11 August 2015 Lewis and Clark caverns state park Park management plan public review draft 2000 Australian War Memorial Reference No OG3138 External links edit nbsp Media related to Rail Jeep at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jeep train amp oldid 1221423840, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
