This article's lead sectionmay be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article.(June 2016)
Benedict XIV is a name used by two closely related minor antipopes of the 15th century. The first, Bernard Garnier became antipope in 1424 and died c. 1429.[1] The second, Jean Carrier, became antipope c. 1430 and apparently left office, whether by death or resignation, by 1437.
Neither of these claimants was supported by more than a very small faction within the Church. They claimed to be the successors to Benedict XIII, one of the parties to the great Papal Schism. In 1417, the Council of Constance resolved the Schism, proclaiming Martin V the new Pope and demanding that Benedict XIII renounce his claim. Benedict XIII, however, remained at a castle in Peñíscola (kingdom of Valencia) and continued to maintain supporters. He died in 1423, but, the day before his death, he created four cardinals loyal to him, in order to ensure the Avignon line. Three of these cardinals met and elected Antipope Clement VIII. However, one of Benedict XIII's cardinals, Jean Carrier, disputed the validity of this election. Carrier, acting as the College of Cardinals by himself, elected Bernard Garnier, who took the name Pope Benedict XIV, instead.[2] Carrier was the archdeacon of Rodez, near Toulouse, and Garnier had been the sacristan of Rodez.
Garnier conducted his office secretly and was known as the "hidden pope": a letter from the Count of Armagnac to Joan of Arc indicates that only Carrier knew Benedict XIV's location. Garnier's reign as Benedict XIV ended at his death in 1429 or 1430, although he named four of his own cardinals, one of whom was named Jean Farald.
Following Garnier's death, Jean Carrier elected himself as the new pope, and also styled himself Pope Benedict XIV.[3] Carrier, however, had been captured and imprisoned by Antipope Clement VIII. Carrier finished his days in captivity in the castle of Foix.[4]
In fictionedit
Some imagine that cardinals loyal to him elected a series of increasingly marginal antipopes in 1437 and 1470. For instance, this is the scenario in the 1995 novel l'Anneau du pêcheur by the French writer Jean Raspail.[5]
antipope, benedict, confused, with, pope, benedict, this, article, lead, section, short, adequately, summarize, points, please, consider, expanding, lead, provide, accessible, overview, important, aspects, article, june, 2016, benedict, name, used, closely, re. Not to be confused with Pope Benedict XIV This article s lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article June 2016 Benedict XIV is a name used by two closely related minor antipopes of the 15th century The first Bernard Garnier became antipope in 1424 and died c 1429 1 The second Jean Carrier became antipope c 1430 and apparently left office whether by death or resignation by 1437 Contents 1 1st Benedict XIV 2 2nd Benedict XIV 3 In fiction 4 See also 5 Notes1st Benedict XIV editAntipope Benedict XIV I PredecessorAntipope Benedict XIIISuccessorMartin V as Pope Antipope Benedict Jean Carrier as Antipope Opposed toRoman claimant Martin VRival Avignon claimant Antipope Clement VIIIPersonal detailsBornBernard GarnierDied1429 1430unknownNationalityFrenchNeither of these claimants was supported by more than a very small faction within the Church They claimed to be the successors to Benedict XIII one of the parties to the great Papal Schism In 1417 the Council of Constance resolved the Schism proclaiming Martin V the new Pope and demanding that Benedict XIII renounce his claim Benedict XIII however remained at a castle in Peniscola kingdom of Valencia and continued to maintain supporters He died in 1423 but the day before his death he created four cardinals loyal to him in order to ensure the Avignon line Three of these cardinals met and elected Antipope Clement VIII However one of Benedict XIII s cardinals Jean Carrier disputed the validity of this election Carrier acting as the College of Cardinals by himself elected Bernard Garnier who took the name Pope Benedict XIV instead 2 Carrier was the archdeacon of Rodez near Toulouse and Garnier had been the sacristan of Rodez Garnier conducted his office secretly and was known as the hidden pope a letter from the Count of Armagnac to Joan of Arc indicates that only Carrier knew Benedict XIV s location Garnier s reign as Benedict XIV ended at his death in 1429 or 1430 although he named four of his own cardinals one of whom was named Jean Farald 2nd Benedict XIV editAntipope Benedict XIV II PredecessorMartin V pope Antipope Benedict XIV Bernard Garnier SuccessorMartin V as Pope Opposed toRoman claimant Martin VRival Avignon claimant Antipope Clement VIIIPersonal detailsBornJean CarrierDiedunknownFoixNationalityFrenchFollowing Garnier s death Jean Carrier elected himself as the new pope and also styled himself Pope Benedict XIV 3 Carrier however had been captured and imprisoned by Antipope Clement VIII Carrier finished his days in captivity in the castle of Foix 4 In fiction editSome imagine that cardinals loyal to him elected a series of increasingly marginal antipopes in 1437 and 1470 For instance this is the scenario in the 1995 novel l Anneau du pecheur by the French writer Jean Raspail 5 See also editPapal selection before 1059 Papal conclave since 1274 Notes edit John Julius Norwich Absolute Monarchs A History of the Papacy Random House 2011 479 John Peter Pham Heirs of the Fisherman Behind the Scenes of Papal Death and Succession Oxford University Press 2004 332 Michael J Walsh The Conclave A Sometimes Secret and Occasionally Bloody History of Papal Elections Canterbury Press 2003 106 Louis Salembier The Great Schism of the West Keegan Paul Trench Trubner amp Co 1907 357 L Anneau du pecheur Paris Albin Michel 1994 403 p ISBN 2 226 07590 9 Portals nbsp Biography nbsp Christianity nbsp Catholicism Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Antipope Benedict XIV amp oldid 1166264197, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
