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Japanese destroyer Shirayuki (1928)

January 17, 2023

For other ships with the same name, see Japanese destroyer Shirayuki.

Shirayuki (白雪, "White Snow") was the second of twenty-four Fubuki-class[1] destroyers, built for the Imperial Japanese Navy following World War I. When introduced into service, these ships were the most powerful destroyers in the world.[2] They served as first-line destroyers through the 1930s, and remained formidable weapons systems well into the Pacific War. Shirayuki was sunk in the Battle of the Bismarck Sea on 3 March 1943 while under attack by American and Australian aircraft.

Shirayuki in 1931
History
Empire of Japan
NameShirayuki
NamesakeJapanese destroyer Shirayuki (1906)
Ordered1923 Fiscal Year
BuilderYokohama Shipyards
Yard numberDestroyer No.36
Laid down19 March 1927
Launched20 March 1928
Commissioned18 December 1928
Stricken1 April 1943
FateSunk in air attack by American and Australian aircraft bombs on 3 March 1943
General characteristics
Class and type Fubuki-class destroyer
Displacement
Length
  • 111.96 m (367.3 ft) pp
  • 115.3 m (378 ft) waterline
  • 118.41 m (388.5 ft) overall
Beam10.4 m (34 ft 1 in)
Draft3.2 m (10 ft 6 in)
Propulsion
  • 4 × Kampon type boilers
  • 2 × Kampon Type Ro geared turbines
  • 2 × shafts at 50,000 ihp (37,000 kW)
Speed38 knots (44 mph; 70 km/h)
Range5,000 nmi (9,300 km) at 14 knots (26 km/h)
Complement219
Armament
Service record
Operations:
Hirohito mounted on the stallion Shirayuki, after whom the destroyer was named

History

Construction of the advanced Fubuki-class destroyers was authorized as part of the Imperial Japanese Navy's expansion program from fiscal 1923, intended to give Japan a qualitative edge with the world's most modern ships.[3] The Fubuki class had performance that was a quantum leap over previous destroyer designs, so much so that they were designated Special Type destroyers (特型, Tokugata). The large size, powerful engines, high speed, large radius of action and unprecedented armament gave these destroyers the firepower similar to many light cruisers in other navies.[4] Shirayuki, built at the Yokohama Shipyards was laid down on 19 March 1927, launched on 20 March 1928 and commissioned on 18 December 1928.[5] Originally assigned hull designation "Destroyer No. 36", she was completed as Shirayuki, after Emperor Shōwa's favorite white stallion.

Operational history

On completion, Shirayuki was assigned to Destroyer Division 11 under the IJN 2nd Fleet. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, Shirayuki was assigned to patrols of the southern China coast, and participated in the Invasion of French Indochina in 1940.

World War II history

At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, Shirayuki was assigned to Destroyer Division 11 of Desron 3 of the IJN 1st Fleet, and had deployed from Kure Naval District to the port of Samah on Hainan Island. From 4 December 1941 through February 1942, Shirayuki covered the landings of Japanese troops in Malaya, Anambas Islands and "Operation B" (the invasion of British Borneo). On 27 January, Shirayuki and her convoy were attacked by the destroyers HMS Thanet and HMAS Vampire about 80 nautical miles (148 km) north of Singapore in the Battle off Endau, and her torpedoes are credited with helping sink Thanet.[6]

In February 1942, Shirayuki was part of the escort for the heavy cruiser Chōkai during "Operation L" (the invasion of Banka and Palembang in the Netherlands East Indies), and was credited with sinking or capturing four transports attempting to flee from Singapore.

Shirayuki was subsequently assigned to "Operation J" (the invasion of Java), and was in the Battle of Sunda Strait on 1 March, assisting in the sinking of the Australian cruiser HMAS Perth and the American cruiser USS Houston.[7] Shirayuki took a shell hit direct to her bridge during the battle, killing one crewman and injuring 11 others.

In early March, Shirayuki escorted a troop convoy from Singapore to Burma, and participated in "Operation D", the invasion of the Andaman Islands on 23 March. During the Indian Ocean raids, Shirayuki was assigned to patrols out of Port Blair. From 13–22 April, Shirayuki returned via Singapore and Camranh Bay to Kure Naval Arsenal, for maintenance.[8]

On 4–5 June, Shirayuki participated in the Battle of Midway as part of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto's main fleet. In July 1942, Shirayuki sailed from Amami-Oshima to Mako Guard District, Singapore, Sabang and Mergui for a projected second Indian Ocean raid. The operation was cancelled due to the Guadalcanal campaign, and she was ordered to Truk and Rabaul instead. From August through November, Shirayuki was used for numerous "Tokyo Express" high speed transport missions in the Solomon Islands. On 12 October, she rescued the survivors of her sister ship Murakumo, which had been torpedoed.

On 14–15 November, Shirayuki was involved in the Second Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. She was initially attached to Admiral Kurita’s support force, and then joined Admiral Kondo’s emergency bombardment force. Together with the light cruiser Nagara, Shirayuki assisted in sinking two of the four American destroyers involved (USS Preston and USS Walke) mortally wounding USS Benham (which was scuttled after the battle), and severely damaged USS Gwin, causing heavy American losses in the first phase of the battle.[9]

Shirayuki returned briefly to Kure at the end of the year, as escort for the aircraft carrier Hiyo.

In January 1943, Shirayuki returned to the Solomon Islands as part of a major reinforcement convoy from Shanghai, arriving with Rear Admiral Shintarō Hashimoto at Shortland Island at the end of January, and serving as the admiral’s flagship during the evacuation of Guadalcanal in February. Shirayuki was reassigned to the IJN 8th Fleet on 25 February .

During the Battle of the Bismarck Sea on 1–4 March, Shirayuki was flagship for Rear Admiral Masatomi Kimura, leading a troop convoy from Rabaul to Lae. In an Allied air attack on 3 March, a skip-bomb exploded in her aft magazine, severing her stern, and killing 32 crewmen. Shirayuki sank 55 nautical miles (102 km) southeast of Finschhafen at position 07°15′S 148°30′E / 7.250°S 148.500°E / -7.250; 148.500Coordinates: 07°15′S 148°30′E / 7.250°S 148.500°E / -7.250; 148.500. The survivors, who included Admiral Kimura and her captain Commander Sugawara were rescued by Shikinami.[10]

On 1 April 1943, Shirayuki was removed from the navy list.[11]

Notes

  1. ^ Nelson. Japanese-English Character Dictionary. page 644
  2. ^ Globalsecurity.org. "IJN Fubuki class destroyers".
  3. ^ Fitzsimons, Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare p.1040
  4. ^ Peattie & Evans, Kaigun pages 221–222.
  5. ^ Nishidah, Hiroshi (2002). "Fubuki class 1st class destroyers". Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy. Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 1 March 2009.
  6. ^ Brown. Warship Losses of World War Two
  7. ^ Muir, Dan Order of Battle – The Battle of the Sunda Strait 1942
  8. ^ Nevitt, Allyn D. (1997). "IJN Shirayuki: Tabular Record of Movement". Long Lancers. Combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  9. ^ Hammel. Guadalcanal: Decision at Sea.
  10. ^ Brown. Warship Losses of World War II
  11. ^ Nishidah, Hiroshi (2002). "Fubuki class destroyers". Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy. Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 1 March 2009.

References

  • Brown, David (1990). Warship Losses of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-914-X.
  • D'Albas, Andrieu (1965). Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II. Devin-Adair Pub. ISBN 0-8159-5302-X.
  • Hammel, Eric (1988). Guadalcanal: Decision at Sea : The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Nov. 13–15, 1942. (CA): Pacifica Press. ISBN 0-517-56952-3.
  • Howarth, Stephen (1983). The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895–1945. Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-11402-8.
  • Jentsura, Hansgeorg (1976). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869–1945. US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-893-X.
  • Nelson, Andrew N. (1967). Japanese–English Character Dictionary. Tuttle. ISBN 0-8048-0408-7.
  • Watts, Anthony J (1967). Japanese Warships of World War II. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-3850-9189-3.
  • Whitley, M J (2000). Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Arms and Armour Press. ISBN 1-85409-521-8.

External links

  • Nevitt, Allyn D. (1997). "IJN Shirayuki: Tabular Record of Movement". Long Lancers. Combinedfleet.com.
  • Nishidah, Hiroshi (2002). "Fubuki class destroyers". Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy. Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 1 March 2009.
  • Globalsecurity.org. "IJN Fubuki class destroyers".

January 17, 2023
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For other ships with the same name see Japanese destroyer Shirayuki Shirayuki 白雪 White Snow was the second of twenty four Fubuki class 1 destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy following World War I When introduced into service these ships were the most powerful destroyers in the world 2 They served as first line destroyers through the 1930s and remained formidable weapons systems well into the Pacific War Shirayuki was sunk in the Battle of the Bismarck Sea on 3 March 1943 while under attack by American and Australian aircraft Shirayuki in 1931HistoryEmpire of JapanNameShirayukiNamesakeJapanese destroyer Shirayuki 1906 Ordered1923 Fiscal YearBuilderYokohama ShipyardsYard numberDestroyer No 36Laid down19 March 1927Launched20 March 1928Commissioned18 December 1928Stricken1 April 1943FateSunk in air attack by American and Australian aircraft bombs on 3 March 1943General characteristicsClass and typeFubuki class destroyerDisplacement1 750 long tons 1 780 t standard 2 050 long tons 2 080 t re builtLength111 96 m 367 3 ft pp 115 3 m 378 ft waterline 118 41 m 388 5 ft overallBeam10 4 m 34 ft 1 in Draft3 2 m 10 ft 6 in Propulsion4 Kampon type boilers 2 Kampon Type Ro geared turbines 2 shafts at 50 000 ihp 37 000 kW Speed38 knots 44 mph 70 km h Range5 000 nmi 9 300 km at 14 knots 26 km h Complement219Armament6 Type 3 127 mm 50 caliber naval guns 3 2 up to 22 Type 96 25 mm AT AA Guns up to 10 13 mm AA guns 9 610 mm 24 in torpedo tubes 36 depth chargesService recordOperations Second Sino Japanese War Battle of Malaya Battle of Midway Indian Ocean raid Solomon Islands campaignHirohito mounted on the stallion Shirayuki after whom the destroyer was named Contents 1 History 2 Operational history 2 1 World War II history 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksHistory EditConstruction of the advanced Fubuki class destroyers was authorized as part of the Imperial Japanese Navy s expansion program from fiscal 1923 intended to give Japan a qualitative edge with the world s most modern ships 3 The Fubuki class had performance that was a quantum leap over previous destroyer designs so much so that they were designated Special Type destroyers 特型 Tokugata The large size powerful engines high speed large radius of action and unprecedented armament gave these destroyers the firepower similar to many light cruisers in other navies 4 Shirayuki built at the Yokohama Shipyards was laid down on 19 March 1927 launched on 20 March 1928 and commissioned on 18 December 1928 5 Originally assigned hull designation Destroyer No 36 she was completed as Shirayuki after Emperor Shōwa s favorite white stallion Operational history EditOn completion Shirayuki was assigned to Destroyer Division 11 under the IJN 2nd Fleet During the Second Sino Japanese War Shirayuki was assigned to patrols of the southern China coast and participated in the Invasion of French Indochina in 1940 World War II history Edit At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor Shirayuki was assigned to Destroyer Division 11 of Desron 3 of the IJN 1st Fleet and had deployed from Kure Naval District to the port of Samah on Hainan Island From 4 December 1941 through February 1942 Shirayuki covered the landings of Japanese troops in Malaya Anambas Islands and Operation B the invasion of British Borneo On 27 January Shirayuki and her convoy were attacked by the destroyers HMS Thanet and HMAS Vampire about 80 nautical miles 148 km north of Singapore in the Battle off Endau and her torpedoes are credited with helping sink Thanet 6 In February 1942 Shirayuki was part of the escort for the heavy cruiser Chōkai during Operation L the invasion of Banka and Palembang in the Netherlands East Indies and was credited with sinking or capturing four transports attempting to flee from Singapore Shirayuki was subsequently assigned to Operation J the invasion of Java and was in the Battle of Sunda Strait on 1 March assisting in the sinking of the Australian cruiser HMAS Perth and the American cruiser USS Houston 7 Shirayuki took a shell hit direct to her bridge during the battle killing one crewman and injuring 11 others In early March Shirayuki escorted a troop convoy from Singapore to Burma and participated in Operation D the invasion of the Andaman Islands on 23 March During the Indian Ocean raids Shirayuki was assigned to patrols out of Port Blair From 13 22 April Shirayuki returned via Singapore and Camranh Bay to Kure Naval Arsenal for maintenance 8 On 4 5 June Shirayuki participated in the Battle of Midway as part of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto s main fleet In July 1942 Shirayuki sailed from Amami Oshima to Mako Guard District Singapore Sabang and Mergui for a projected second Indian Ocean raid The operation was cancelled due to the Guadalcanal campaign and she was ordered to Truk and Rabaul instead From August through November Shirayuki was used for numerous Tokyo Express high speed transport missions in the Solomon Islands On 12 October she rescued the survivors of her sister ship Murakumo which had been torpedoed On 14 15 November Shirayuki was involved in the Second Naval Battle of Guadalcanal She was initially attached to Admiral Kurita s support force and then joined Admiral Kondo s emergency bombardment force Together with the light cruiser Nagara Shirayuki assisted in sinking two of the four American destroyers involved USS Preston and USS Walke mortally wounding USS Benham which was scuttled after the battle and severely damaged USS Gwin causing heavy American losses in the first phase of the battle 9 Shirayuki returned briefly to Kure at the end of the year as escort for the aircraft carrier Hiyo In January 1943 Shirayuki returned to the Solomon Islands as part of a major reinforcement convoy from Shanghai arriving with Rear Admiral Shintarō Hashimoto at Shortland Island at the end of January and serving as the admiral s flagship during the evacuation of Guadalcanal in February Shirayuki was reassigned to the IJN 8th Fleet on 25 February During the Battle of the Bismarck Sea on 1 4 March Shirayuki was flagship for Rear Admiral Masatomi Kimura leading a troop convoy from Rabaul to Lae In an Allied air attack on 3 March a skip bomb exploded in her aft magazine severing her stern and killing 32 crewmen Shirayuki sank 55 nautical miles 102 km southeast of Finschhafen at position 07 15 S 148 30 E 7 250 S 148 500 E 7 250 148 500 Coordinates 07 15 S 148 30 E 7 250 S 148 500 E 7 250 148 500 The survivors who included Admiral Kimura and her captain Commander Sugawara were rescued by Shikinami 10 On 1 April 1943 Shirayuki was removed from the navy list 11 Notes Edit Nelson Japanese English Character Dictionary page 644 Globalsecurity org IJN Fubuki class destroyers Fitzsimons Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare p 1040 Peattie amp Evans Kaigun pages 221 222 Nishidah Hiroshi 2002 Fubuki class 1st class destroyers Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy Archived from the original on 11 July 2012 Retrieved 1 March 2009 Brown Warship Losses of World War Two Muir Dan Order of Battle The Battle of the Sunda Strait 1942 Nevitt Allyn D 1997 IJN Shirayuki Tabular Record of Movement Long Lancers Combinedfleet com Retrieved 24 July 2016 Hammel Guadalcanal Decision at Sea Brown Warship Losses of World War II Nishidah Hiroshi 2002 Fubuki class destroyers Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy Archived from the original on 11 July 2012 Retrieved 1 March 2009 References EditBrown David 1990 Warship Losses of World War Two Naval Institute Press ISBN 1 55750 914 X D Albas Andrieu 1965 Death of a Navy Japanese Naval Action in World War II Devin Adair Pub ISBN 0 8159 5302 X Hammel Eric 1988 Guadalcanal Decision at Sea The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal Nov 13 15 1942 CA Pacifica Press ISBN 0 517 56952 3 Howarth Stephen 1983 The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy 1895 1945 Atheneum ISBN 0 689 11402 8 Jentsura Hansgeorg 1976 Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy 1869 1945 US Naval Institute Press ISBN 0 87021 893 X Nelson Andrew N 1967 Japanese English Character Dictionary Tuttle ISBN 0 8048 0408 7 Watts Anthony J 1967 Japanese Warships of World War II Doubleday ISBN 978 0 3850 9189 3 Whitley M J 2000 Destroyers of World War Two An International Encyclopedia London Arms and Armour Press ISBN 1 85409 521 8 External links EditNevitt Allyn D 1997 IJN Shirayuki Tabular Record of Movement Long Lancers Combinedfleet com Nishidah Hiroshi 2002 Fubuki class destroyers Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy Archived from the original on 11 July 2012 Retrieved 1 March 2009 Globalsecurity org IJN Fubuki class destroyers Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Japanese destroyer Shirayuki 1928 amp oldid 1088522762, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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