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Mukařovský was professor at the Charles University of Prague. He is well known for his association with early structuralism as well as with the Prague Linguistic Circle, and for his development of the ideas of Russian formalism. Among other achievements, he applied ideas from Geneva linguist and semiotician Ferdinand de Saussure to the analysis of literary and artistic expression, systematically applying and extending the concept of linguistic function to literary works and their reception in different periods. Mukařovský had a profound influence on structuralist theory of literature, comparable to that of Roman Jakobson.
Life and work
Mukařovský studied linguistics and aesthetics at the Charles University in Prague and graduated in 1915. In 1922 he received his doctoral degree. Until 1925, he taught in Pilsen, then at a grammar school in Prague. In 1926 he was among the founders of the Prague Linguistic Circle, along with his close friend Roman Jakobson. In 1929, Mukařovský received his habilitation with the Máchův Máj. Estetická study, a work examining the romantic Czech poet Karel Hynek Mácha in the field of literary aesthetics.
In 1934, Mukařovský was appointed professor at the University of Bratislava in Slovakia. In 1938 he was appointed associate professor of aesthetics at the Charles University in Prague, which, however – like all other Czech universities – was closed by the occupying Nazis in November 1939. From 1941 to 1947 Mukařovský worked as an editor. After World War II, Mukařovský was favorable towards communism, and in 1948, the year of the communist coup d'état, Mukařovský became full professor at the reopened university in Prague. In the same year he was also elected Rector, a post he held until 1953. Due to increasing Stalinist pressure, Mukařovský recanted his prewar semiotic structuralism. In 1951 Mukařovský was appointed the director of the Institute for Czech Literature of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, and remained in that position until 1962.
Mukařovský's significance is not limited to his membership in the Prague Linguistic Circle. His ideas extended beyond the realm of linguistics into the fields of poetics and aesthetics. However, reception of his theories in the West remains limited, due in part to linguistic barriers.
Mukařovský proposed to understand the literary work as a complex form. He distinguished four basic functions of language: the representative, expressive, appellative and the "aesthetic" function (Mukařovský 1938). Karl Bühler had introduced the first three functions in the "Theory of Language" (Bühler 1934) and Mukařovský added the fourth. Emphasis on the aesthetic is also reflected in his fundamental essays on the question: What is art? In "Art as Semiotic Fact," Mukařovský emphasized two characteristics of the artwork: The autonomic function and the communicative function.
Prior to World War II, Mukařovský, along with Jakobson, was close to members of the Czech avant-garde, interesting himself particularly in the Devětsil group and the Prague surrealist group.
Works
Dějiny české literatury (1959–1961), history of Czech literature, chief editor, three volumes
Studien zur strukturalistischen Ästhetik und Poetik (1974)
On Poetic Language (1976), translated by John Burbank and Peter Steiner
The Word and Verbal Art: Selected Essays (1977), translated and edited by John Burbank and Peter Steiner
Kapitel aus der Ästhetik (1978)
Structure Sign and Function: Selected Essays (1978), translated and edited by John Burbank and Peter Steiner
Aesthetic Function, Norm and Value as Social Facts (1970), Mark E. Suino translator
May 04, 2023
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This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Jan Mukarovsky news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in German December 2009 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the German article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 9 425 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de Jan Mukarovsky see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated de Jan Mukarovsky to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Jan Mukarovsky Czech pronunciation ˈjan ˈmukar ofskiː 11 November 1891 8 February 1975 was a Czech literary linguistic and aesthetic theorist Jan MukarovskyJan Mukarovsky ca 1932Born 1891 11 11 11 November 1891Pisek BohemiaDied8 February 1975 1975 02 08 aged 83 Prague CzechoslovakiaSchoolStructuralismMain interestsLiterary theory aestheticsInfluences Ferdinand de SaussureMukarovsky was professor at the Charles University of Prague He is well known for his association with early structuralism as well as with the Prague Linguistic Circle and for his development of the ideas of Russian formalism Among other achievements he applied ideas from Geneva linguist and semiotician Ferdinand de Saussure to the analysis of literary and artistic expression systematically applying and extending the concept of linguistic function to literary works and their reception in different periods Mukarovsky had a profound influence on structuralist theory of literature comparable to that of Roman Jakobson Life and work EditMukarovsky studied linguistics and aesthetics at the Charles University in Prague and graduated in 1915 In 1922 he received his doctoral degree Until 1925 he taught in Pilsen then at a grammar school in Prague In 1926 he was among the founders of the Prague Linguistic Circle along with his close friend Roman Jakobson In 1929 Mukarovsky received his habilitation with the Machuv Maj Esteticka study a work examining the romantic Czech poet Karel Hynek Macha in the field of literary aesthetics In 1934 Mukarovsky was appointed professor at the University of Bratislava in Slovakia In 1938 he was appointed associate professor of aesthetics at the Charles University in Prague which however like all other Czech universities was closed by the occupying Nazis in November 1939 From 1941 to 1947 Mukarovsky worked as an editor After World War II Mukarovsky was favorable towards communism and in 1948 the year of the communist coup d etat Mukarovsky became full professor at the reopened university in Prague In the same year he was also elected Rector a post he held until 1953 Due to increasing Stalinist pressure Mukarovsky recanted his prewar semiotic structuralism In 1951 Mukarovsky was appointed the director of the Institute for Czech Literature of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and remained in that position until 1962 Mukarovsky s significance is not limited to his membership in the Prague Linguistic Circle His ideas extended beyond the realm of linguistics into the fields of poetics and aesthetics However reception of his theories in the West remains limited due in part to linguistic barriers Mukarovsky proposed to understand the literary work as a complex form He distinguished four basic functions of language the representative expressive appellative and the aesthetic function Mukarovsky 1938 Karl Buhler had introduced the first three functions in the Theory of Language Buhler 1934 and Mukarovsky added the fourth Emphasis on the aesthetic is also reflected in his fundamental essays on the question What is art In Art as Semiotic Fact Mukarovsky emphasized two characteristics of the artwork The autonomic function and the communicative function Prior to World War II Mukarovsky along with Jakobson was close to members of the Czech avant garde interesting himself particularly in the Devetsil group and the Prague surrealist group Works EditDejiny ceske literatury 1959 1961 history of Czech literature chief editor three volumes Studien zur strukturalistischen Asthetik und Poetik 1974 On Poetic Language 1976 translated by John Burbank and Peter Steiner The Word and Verbal Art Selected Essays 1977 translated and edited by John Burbank and Peter Steiner Kapitel aus der Asthetik 1978 Structure Sign and Function Selected Essays 1978 translated and edited by John Burbank and Peter Steiner Aesthetic Function Norm and Value as Social Facts 1970 Mark E Suino translator Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jan Mukarovsky amp oldid 1141365056, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
