Jam Feruzuddin Al-Maroof Jam Unar bin Babinah (Sindhi: ڄام انڙ) was the first ruler of the Samma dynasty, which ruled Sindh and parts of Punjab from 1335–1520 C.E.
It was in 752 A.H. (1351 C.E.) that Jám Unar son of Babinah was proclaimed the ruler of Sind. In a very short time, Jám Unar was sufficiently strong enough to attack Sehwán. Ratan, a Hindu, was at that time the governor of the region, on behalf of the king of Dehlí. He came out to meet Jám Unar and defeated him in a battle, but the next day Jám Unar returned to fight with redoubled force. He defeated Ratan, who accidentally fell from his horse and into the hands of his enemy, who cut off his head with a blow. The fort of Sehwán was then soon taken.
Upon returning to his capital, Jám Unar began to lead a luxurious life. One day while he was drunk, information was received of some rising at a short distance. The Jám deputed his agent Káhah son of Tamáchí to put down the rebellion. As Káhah himself was in an intoxicated state, he was soon taken prisoner by the mob. Jám Unar was so busy in his profligacies that he had no time to think of his agent’s release. Naturally, Káhah was much annoyed at his master’s want of sympathy. He managed to effect an escape, and leaving the side of Jám Unar for good, came to Bakhar and joined Alí Sháh and Malak Feróz Tartars. Bringing them to Bahrámpur got Jám Unar killed. Some say that Alí Sháh and Malak Feróz had already started from Bakhar to be avenged on Jám Unar for his taking the fort of Sehwán and killing Malak Ratan. After 3 days, however, the Sammahs killed Káhah and Malak Feróz. Alí Sháh had already gone back to Bakhar.
Jám Unar reigned for 3 years and 6 months. He was succeeded by his brother Júnah.
Origin and Establishment
According to Chachnama, Samma was a branch of Lohana tribe.[1] Ala al-Din Khiljl (1296-1316) mounted a number of campaigns in the region battling the Sumra princes whose cycle of capitulation/rebellion could be charted exactly to the perceived military stress on the metropole. Yet, the Delhi Sultans and their governor rarely resorted to invading Sumra held ter- ritories - relying, instead, on alliances with tribal elite and local power strug- gles. Against the Sumras, Khiljl advanced the cause of the Lohana tribe of Samma. The conflict guaranteed a rolling supply of princes and tribal chiefs wanting alliances with the center. The tussle for dominance between the Sumras and the Samma lasted until the reign of Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351- 1388), when the Jam emirs of Samma were finally able to end Sumra dominance, taking over lower Sindh.[2]
^Elliot, Henry M. (1867). The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians: The Muhammadan Period Vol. I - page - 362. Trubner & Co., London.
^Ahmed, Manan (2008). The many histories of Muhammad b. Qasim: Narrating the Muslim conquest of Sindh - page - 99. The University of Chicago.
This article includes content derived from "History of Sind - translated from Persian books" by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg (1853-1929), published in Karachi in 1902 and now in the public domain.
January 07, 2023
unar, feruzuddin, maroof, babinah, sindhi, ڄام, انڙ, first, ruler, samma, dynasty, which, ruled, sindh, parts, punjab, from, 1335, 1520, ڄام, انڙsultan, sindhreign1336, 1339successorjam, junanbornferuz, shahdied1339namesjam, feruz, shah, unar, babinahhousesamm. Jam Feruzuddin Al Maroof Jam Unar bin Babinah Sindhi ڄام انڙ was the first ruler of the Samma dynasty which ruled Sindh and parts of Punjab from 1335 1520 C E Jam Unar ڄام انڙSultan of SindhReign1336 1339SuccessorJam JunanBornFeruz ShahDied1339NamesJam Feruz Shah Unar bin BabinahHouseSammaDynastySamma DynastyFatherBabinahReligionIslamSultans of SindhSamma Dynasty History of Delhi Sultanate by M H SyedJam Unar 1336 1339 Jam Junan 1339 1352 Jam Banhabina 1352 1367 Jam Tamachi 1367 1379 Jam Salahuddin 1379 1389 Jam Nizamuddin I 1389 1391 Jam Ali Sher 1391 1398 Jam Karn 1398 Jam Fath Khan 1398 1414 Jam Tughluq 1414 1442 Jam Mubarak 1442 Jam Sikandar 1442 1444 Jam Raidhan 1444 1453 Jam Sanjar 1453 1461 Jam Nizamuddin II 1461 1508 Jam Feruzudin 1508 1527 History EditIt was in 752 A H 1351 C E that Jam Unar son of Babinah was proclaimed the ruler of Sind In a very short time Jam Unar was sufficiently strong enough to attack Sehwan Ratan a Hindu was at that time the governor of the region on behalf of the king of Dehli He came out to meet Jam Unar and defeated him in a battle but the next day Jam Unar returned to fight with redoubled force He defeated Ratan who accidentally fell from his horse and into the hands of his enemy who cut off his head with a blow The fort of Sehwan was then soon taken Upon returning to his capital Jam Unar began to lead a luxurious life One day while he was drunk information was received of some rising at a short distance The Jam deputed his agent Kahah son of Tamachi to put down the rebellion As Kahah himself was in an intoxicated state he was soon taken prisoner by the mob Jam Unar was so busy in his profligacies that he had no time to think of his agent s release Naturally Kahah was much annoyed at his master s want of sympathy He managed to effect an escape and leaving the side of Jam Unar for good came to Bakhar and joined Ali Shah and Malak Feroz Tartars Bringing them to Bahrampur got Jam Unar killed Some say that Ali Shah and Malak Feroz had already started from Bakhar to be avenged on Jam Unar for his taking the fort of Sehwan and killing Malak Ratan After 3 days however the Sammahs killed Kahah and Malak Feroz Ali Shah had already gone back to Bakhar Jam Unar reigned for 3 years and 6 months He was succeeded by his brother Junah Origin and Establishment EditAccording to Chachnama Samma was a branch of Lohana tribe 1 Ala al Din Khiljl 1296 1316 mounted a number of campaigns in the region battling the Sumra princes whose cycle of capitulation rebellion could be charted exactly to the perceived military stress on the metropole Yet the Delhi Sultans and their governor rarely resorted to invading Sumra held ter ritories relying instead on alliances with tribal elite and local power strug gles Against the Sumras Khiljl advanced the cause of the Lohana tribe of Samma The conflict guaranteed a rolling supply of princes and tribal chiefs wanting alliances with the center The tussle for dominance between the Sumras and the Samma lasted until the reign of Firuz Shah Tughluq 1351 1388 when the Jam emirs of Samma were finally able to end Sumra dominance taking over lower Sindh 2 Jam UnarSamma DynastyPreceded byNot applicable Sultan of Sindh1335 1339 Succeeded byJam SalahuddinReferences EditA History of Sind Volume II Translated from Persian Books by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg chpt 14 Elliot Henry M 1867 The History of India as Told by Its Own Historians The Muhammadan Period Vol I page 362 Trubner amp Co London Ahmed Manan 2008 The many histories of Muhammad b Qasim Narrating the Muslim conquest of Sindh page 99 The University of Chicago This article includes content derived from History of Sind translated from Persian books by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg 1853 1929 published in Karachi in 1902 and now in the public domain Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jam Unar amp oldid 1131126521, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
