fbpx
Wikipedia

Jamón

Jamón (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈmon], pl. jamones) is a kind of dry-cured ham produced in Spain. It is one of the most globally recognized food items of Spanish cuisine.[1][2] It is also regularly a component of tapas.[3][4]

Jamón
Jamón
Alternative namesJamón serrano
CourseTapas, appetizer
Place of originSpain
Serving temperatureRoom temperature
Main ingredientsHam
VariationsJamón Ibérico
  •   Media: Jamón

Most jamón is commonly called jamón serrano in Spain.[5]

Jamón is the Spanish word for ham.[5] As such, other ham products produced or consumed in Spanish-speaking countries may also be called by this name.

Description edit

Jamón is typically consumed in slices, either manually carved from a pig's hind leg held on a jamonero stand using a sharp thin slicing knife, or cut from the deboned meat with a meat slicer. It is also regularly consumed in any shape in small portions.

As a product, jamón is similar to Portuguese presunto and to Italian prosciutto, but the production differs by a longer curing phase (up to 18 months), giving a dryer texture, deeper color and stronger flavour.

A whole jamón leg is considerably cheaper by weight than its sliced counterpart because it includes the bone and non-edible fat. Once the external fat layers are removed and the meat is exposed, the product must be consumed as soon as possible since a progressive drying and deteriorating process starts. This is not an issue for restaurateurs and retailers, since they go through product much faster than an individual.[6] Home users will typically choose sliced product, be it freshly cut from a deli stand, commercially pre-packaged or vacuum preserved. Jamón is safe to consume as long as the leg is kept in a dry and cool environment and out of direct sunlight, but it must be kept refrigerated once cut away from the leg.[7][8]

Jamón may also be smoked in some regions, where it is used mostly for personal consumption. This form of ham is common in the southern areas of Castile and León as well as in parts of Extremadura. Such a jamón has a harder texture and a smoky-salty flavour.

Though widely available in Spain (even if on the expensive side) and accessible in some countries of the European Union, import duties and trade or food safety restrictions applied to foreign meat products[9] in international markets may raise prices substantially while creating scarcity, often making jamón a prohibitively expensive product for other countries to import.

There are two main commercial labels for jamón, based on the pig breed and protected designations:

Jamón serrano edit

The term jamón serrano ("serrano ham", meaning ham from the sierra, or mountain range) is regularly applied as an umbrella culinary term for all dry-cured jamón produced in Spain,[10] as opposed to jamón de York, which is cooked whole on the bone.[11]

It is most precisely applied, though, to jamón produced from white and/or non-Ibérico breeds of pig. This is the most commonly produced and consumed range of jamón in Spain.[12] The majority of jamones serranos are produced from a landrace breed of white pigs or from commercial breeds such as Duroc. Jamón serrano, described variously as jamón reserva, jamón curado, and jamón extra or any generic jamón nomenclature, is produced from compound-fed white pigs.[citation needed]

Jamón serrano has TSG (Traditional Speciality Guaranteed) status in the EU and the UK.[13] The TSG certification attests that a particular food product objectively possesses specific characteristics that differentiate it from all others in its category and that its raw materials, composition, or method of production have been consistent for a minimum of 30 years.[14]

Production edit

Fresh hams are trimmed and cleaned, then stacked and covered with salt for about two weeks to draw off excess moisture and preserve the meat from spoiling. The salt is then washed off, and the hams are hung to dry for about six months. Finally, the hams are hung in a cool, dry place for six to 18 months, depending on the climate, as well as the size and type of ham being cured. The drying sheds (secaderos) are usually built at higher elevations, which is why the ham is called “mountain ham”.[15]

Jamón ibérico edit

 
Retail jamón ibérico in Barcelona

Pork products made from Iberian-breed pigs receive the ibérico/a denomination. As such, jamón ibérico is the dry-cured jamón produced from livestock of these breeds. Ibérico encompasses some of the most expensive ham produced in the world,[16][17] and its fatty marbled texture has made it very popular as a delicacy, with a hard to fulfill global demand[18] comparable to that of kobe beef.[citation needed]

Since jamón ibérico production and export is limited, buyer should beware and not fall victim of bait-and-switch or quality fraud similar to that of olive oil, since it has been estimated that a sizable portion of both local market and exports are not actually ibérico. Spain regulation defines trade labeling for all ibérico products.[19]

European Union protected designation of origin edit

 
Traditional jamon marketed in Barcelona.

Under the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union (EU), certain well-established meat products, including some local jamón and jamón producers, are covered by a protected designation of origin (PDO) or protected geographical indication (PGI):

Paleta edit

The paleta de cerdo or paletilla[20][21] is a product similar to jamón; it is made from the front leg of a pig, instead of the hind leg used for jamón, cured using the same process and consumed in the same way. Since whole legs are sold by weight and paletillas are lighter, they are often marketed towards home consumption.[6]

A paletilla may be described or marketed as Ibérica when produced from the same livestock as jamón ibérico.[citation needed]

 
A paletilla from Jabugo, Huelva

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Yeomans, Jon (2016-10-04). "14 Spanish dishes everyone should try". CNN Travel. Retrieved 2019-10-30.
  2. ^ "What to Know About Cooking Methods and Ingredients in Spanish Cuisine". The Spruce Eats. Retrieved 2019-10-30.
  3. ^ Casas, P. (1985). Introduction. In Tapas, the little dishes of Spain (xv) [Introduction]. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  4. ^ "Spanish tomato bread with jamón Serrano". BBC Good Food. Retrieved 2019-10-30.
  5. ^ a b ASALE, RAE-. "jamón". «Diccionario de la lengua española» - Edición del Tricentenario (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-10-30.
  6. ^ a b "Cómo elegir el mejor jamón o paleta | OCU". www.ocu.org (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2019-10-30.
  7. ^ "Conservación del jamón". Guía Jamón (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-10-30.
  8. ^ "¿Cuánto dura la comida en la nevera?". El Comidista (in Spanish). 2016-07-12. Retrieved 2019-10-30.
  9. ^ "US Customs tosses out $100 worth of gourmet ham couple brought back from Spain". Los Angeles Times. 2015-06-17. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  10. ^ ASALE, RAE-. "jamón". «Diccionario de la lengua española» - Edición del Tricentenario (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-10-30.
  11. ^ Dubroca Galin, Danielle; Flores Garcia, Ángela; Meunier, Valérie Collin; Delbarge, Marc (2010). "In praise of effective export terminology". In Thelen, Marcel; Steurs, Frieda (eds.). Terminology in Everyday Life. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 163. ISBN 978-90-272-2337-1.
  12. ^ "INFORME DEL CONSUMO ALIMENTARIO EN ESPAÑA 2018" (PDF). Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación: 185.
  13. ^ EC PDO/PGI/TSG List
  14. ^ Tosato, Andrea (2013). "The Protection of Traditional Foods in the EU: Traditional Specialities Guaranteed". European Law Journal. 19 (4): 545–576. doi:10.1111/eulj.12040.
  15. ^ Bernstein, Michelle; Friedman, Andrew (2008). Cuisine À Latina: Fresh Tastes and a World of Flavors from Michy's Miami Kitchen. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-618-86750-9.
  16. ^ Smillie, Susan (2010-01-18). "World's most expensive ham?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  17. ^ Limón, Raúl (2016-03-07). "The world's most expensive ham is from Huelva and costs €4,100 a leg". El País. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  18. ^ Burgen, Stephen (2017-11-26). "Spaniards face ham shortage as Chinese market gets taste for jamón ibérico". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  19. ^ Núñez, Leticia (2014-02-02). "Que no te engañen con el jamón: la nueva ley que regula el ibérico se queda 'coja'". Vozpópuli (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  20. ^ ASALE, RAE-. "paleta". «Diccionario de la lengua española» - Edición del Tricentenario (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-10-30.
  21. ^ ASALE, RAE-. "paletilla". «Diccionario de la lengua española» - Edición del Tricentenario (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-10-30.

jamón, this, article, about, kind, cured, spanish, spanish, film, spanish, pronunciation, xaˈmon, jamones, kind, cured, produced, spain, most, globally, recognized, food, items, spanish, cuisine, also, regularly, component, tapas, alternative, names, serranoco. This article is about a kind of dry cured Spanish ham For the Spanish film see Jamon Jamon Jamon Spanish pronunciation xaˈmon pl jamones is a kind of dry cured ham produced in Spain It is one of the most globally recognized food items of Spanish cuisine 1 2 It is also regularly a component of tapas 3 4 JamonJamonAlternative namesJamon serranoCourseTapas appetizerPlace of originSpainServing temperatureRoom temperatureMain ingredientsHamVariationsJamon Iberico Media JamonMost jamon is commonly called jamon serrano in Spain 5 Jamon is the Spanish word for ham 5 As such other ham products produced or consumed in Spanish speaking countries may also be called by this name Contents 1 Description 2 Jamon serrano 2 1 Production 3 Jamon iberico 4 European Union protected designation of origin 5 Paleta 6 See also 7 ReferencesDescription editJamon is typically consumed in slices either manually carved from a pig s hind leg held on a jamonero stand using a sharp thin slicing knife or cut from the deboned meat with a meat slicer It is also regularly consumed in any shape in small portions As a product jamon is similar to Portuguese presunto and to Italian prosciutto but the production differs by a longer curing phase up to 18 months giving a dryer texture deeper color and stronger flavour A whole jamon leg is considerably cheaper by weight than its sliced counterpart because it includes the bone and non edible fat Once the external fat layers are removed and the meat is exposed the product must be consumed as soon as possible since a progressive drying and deteriorating process starts This is not an issue for restaurateurs and retailers since they go through product much faster than an individual 6 Home users will typically choose sliced product be it freshly cut from a deli stand commercially pre packaged or vacuum preserved Jamon is safe to consume as long as the leg is kept in a dry and cool environment and out of direct sunlight but it must be kept refrigerated once cut away from the leg 7 8 Jamon may also be smoked in some regions where it is used mostly for personal consumption This form of ham is common in the southern areas of Castile and Leon as well as in parts of Extremadura Such a jamon has a harder texture and a smoky salty flavour Though widely available in Spain even if on the expensive side and accessible in some countries of the European Union import duties and trade or food safety restrictions applied to foreign meat products 9 in international markets may raise prices substantially while creating scarcity often making jamon a prohibitively expensive product for other countries to import There are two main commercial labels for jamon based on the pig breed and protected designations Jamon iberico is made from the black Iberian pig and may be consumed internationally as a delicacy Jamon serrano meaning sierra ham includes most other varieties nbsp Jamon iberico nbsp A jamon serrano leg from Teruel in a cutting standJamon serrano editThe term jamon serrano serrano ham meaning ham from the sierra or mountain range is regularly applied as an umbrella culinary term for all dry cured jamon produced in Spain 10 as opposed to jamon de York which is cooked whole on the bone 11 It is most precisely applied though to jamon produced from white and or non Iberico breeds of pig This is the most commonly produced and consumed range of jamon in Spain 12 The majority of jamones serranos are produced from a landrace breed of white pigs or from commercial breeds such as Duroc Jamon serrano described variously as jamon reserva jamon curado and jamon extra or any generic jamon nomenclature is produced from compound fed white pigs citation needed Jamon serrano has TSG Traditional Speciality Guaranteed status in the EU and the UK 13 The TSG certification attests that a particular food product objectively possesses specific characteristics that differentiate it from all others in its category and that its raw materials composition or method of production have been consistent for a minimum of 30 years 14 Production edit Fresh hams are trimmed and cleaned then stacked and covered with salt for about two weeks to draw off excess moisture and preserve the meat from spoiling The salt is then washed off and the hams are hung to dry for about six months Finally the hams are hung in a cool dry place for six to 18 months depending on the climate as well as the size and type of ham being cured The drying sheds secaderos are usually built at higher elevations which is why the ham is called mountain ham 15 Jamon iberico editMain article Jamon iberico nbsp Retail jamon iberico in BarcelonaPork products made from Iberian breed pigs receive the iberico a denomination As such jamon iberico is the dry cured jamon produced from livestock of these breeds Iberico encompasses some of the most expensive ham produced in the world 16 17 and its fatty marbled texture has made it very popular as a delicacy with a hard to fulfill global demand 18 comparable to that of kobe beef citation needed Since jamon iberico production and export is limited buyer should beware and not fall victim of bait and switch or quality fraud similar to that of olive oil since it has been estimated that a sizable portion of both local market and exports are not actually iberico Spain regulation defines trade labeling for all iberico products 19 European Union protected designation of origin editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed August 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message nbsp Traditional jamon marketed in Barcelona Under the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union EU certain well established meat products including some local jamon and jamon producers are covered by a protected designation of origin PDO or protected geographical indication PGI Jamon de Teruel has PDO status Jamon de Los Pedroches has PDO status Jamon Dehesa de Extremadura has PDO status Jamon de Guijuelo has PDO status Jamon de Huelva has PDO status Jamon de Trevelez has PGI status Paleta editThe paleta de cerdo or paletilla 20 21 is a product similar to jamon it is made from the front leg of a pig instead of the hind leg used for jamon cured using the same process and consumed in the same way Since whole legs are sold by weight and paletillas are lighter they are often marketed towards home consumption 6 A paletilla may be described or marketed as Iberica when produced from the same livestock as jamon iberico citation needed nbsp A paletilla from Jabugo HuelvaSee also edit nbsp Food portalCuring food preservation Ham Lacon Gallego List of hams List of dried foods Spanish cuisineReferences edit Yeomans Jon 2016 10 04 14 Spanish dishes everyone should try CNN Travel Retrieved 2019 10 30 What to Know About Cooking Methods and Ingredients in Spanish Cuisine The Spruce Eats Retrieved 2019 10 30 Casas P 1985 Introduction In Tapas the little dishes of Spain xv Introduction New York Alfred A Knopf Spanish tomato bread with jamon Serrano BBC Good Food Retrieved 2019 10 30 a b ASALE RAE jamon Diccionario de la lengua espanola Edicion del Tricentenario in Spanish Retrieved 2019 10 30 a b Como elegir el mejor jamon o paleta OCU www ocu org in European Spanish Retrieved 2019 10 30 Conservacion del jamon Guia Jamon in Spanish Retrieved 2019 10 30 Cuanto dura la comida en la nevera El Comidista in Spanish 2016 07 12 Retrieved 2019 10 30 US Customs tosses out 100 worth of gourmet ham couple brought back from Spain Los Angeles Times 2015 06 17 Retrieved 2019 10 31 ASALE RAE jamon Diccionario de la lengua espanola Edicion del Tricentenario in Spanish Retrieved 2019 10 30 Dubroca Galin Danielle Flores Garcia Angela Meunier Valerie Collin Delbarge Marc 2010 In praise of effective export terminology In Thelen Marcel Steurs Frieda eds Terminology in Everyday Life John Benjamins Publishing p 163 ISBN 978 90 272 2337 1 INFORME DEL CONSUMO ALIMENTARIO EN ESPANA 2018 PDF Ministerio de Agricultura Pesca y Alimentacion 185 EC PDO PGI TSG List Tosato Andrea 2013 The Protection of Traditional Foods in the EU Traditional Specialities Guaranteed European Law Journal 19 4 545 576 doi 10 1111 eulj 12040 Bernstein Michelle Friedman Andrew 2008 Cuisine A Latina Fresh Tastes and a World of Flavors from Michy s Miami Kitchen Houghton Mifflin Harcourt p 4 ISBN 978 0 618 86750 9 Smillie Susan 2010 01 18 World s most expensive ham The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 2019 10 31 Limon Raul 2016 03 07 The world s most expensive ham is from Huelva and costs 4 100 a leg El Pais ISSN 1134 6582 Retrieved 2019 10 31 Burgen Stephen 2017 11 26 Spaniards face ham shortage as Chinese market gets taste for jamon iberico The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 2019 10 31 Nunez Leticia 2014 02 02 Que no te enganen con el jamon la nueva ley que regula el iberico se queda coja Vozpopuli in European Spanish Retrieved 2019 10 31 ASALE RAE paleta Diccionario de la lengua espanola Edicion del Tricentenario in Spanish Retrieved 2019 10 30 ASALE RAE paletilla Diccionario de la lengua espanola Edicion del Tricentenario in Spanish Retrieved 2019 10 30 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jamon Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jamon amp oldid 1197231894, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.