Jakob Schegk (also known as Jakob Degen, Johann Jacob Brucker Schegk, Jakob Schegk the elder, Schegkius, and Scheckius; 6 June 1511 – 9 May 1587) was a polymath German Aristotelian philosopher and academic physician.
Born Jakob Degen in Schorndorf, son of the citizen Bernhard Degen, he adopted the name Schegk/Schegkius which he used his entire adult life. A prodigy in classical languages, having studied with Johann Reuchlin’s student Johann Thomas in Schorndorf, Schegk made rapid progress upon enrolling at the University of Tübingen in 1527, taking his M.A. in 1529. He was received by the university senate and began lectures in philosophy and classics while only twenty. He remained in Tübingen for his entire career.[1]
Academic careeredit
He took over the administration of the Tübinger Stift giving him the opportunity to develop a competence in theology. He likewise studied law prior to turning his attention to medicine in the 1530s. He took a doctorate in medicine in 1539 after studying with Leonhard Fuchs and Michael Rucker. He remained on the arts faculty until joining the medical faculty in 1553. Nevertheless, his philosophical expertise was too great to go untapped, and the university gave him the unusual dual commission to hold lectures in both medicine and Aristotle from 1564 onwards. His poor eyesight hampered his mobility, and he became totally blind by 1577. He nevertheless continued his academic career. In philosophy, he was a leading German Lutheran Aristotelian and was regarded as one of the greatest philosophical authorities of his age.[2] He died at Tübingen.
While somewhat neglected by modern scholarship, his numerous commentaries upon the Aristotelian corpus are highly regarded, especially his De demonstratione libri XV. He engaged a long running dispute against the Italian Aristotelian philosopher Simone Simoni. A committed Aristotelian, he resolutely opposed the philosophical innovations of Petrus Ramus.[3] He likewise was involved in a dialogue with Thomas Erastus concerning the ubiquity of Christ's physical body in the Lord's Supper.[4]
Prominent students included Nicolaus Taurellus and Andreas Planer, and Schegk exercised a more distant influence on the French Paracelsian Joseph Duchesne Quercetanus. Recent studies have demonstrated his long lasting impact on early modern medical theory.[5] Hans Weber dubbed him “the father and pioneer of Protestant Scholasticism.”[6]
Worksedit
Antisimonius, quo refelluntur supra trecentos errores Simonii ... Eivsdem Iacobi Schegkii Apologeticus, oppositus calumniae G. Genebrardi, Parisiensis Theologi. Tübingen: Georg Gruppenbach, 1573 (VD 16 S 2464).
Antilogia Jacobi Schegkii Schorndorffensis, qua refellit XXVII Propositiones Servetianae Haereseos Tübingen: Ulrich Morhart, 1568 (VD16 S 2463).
De Vna Persona & duabus Naturis Christi: Sententia Iacobi Schegkij D. Medici Et Philosophi Clarissimi, Professoris Scholae Tubingensis ex fundamentis quidem Scripturae Sacrae, analysi autem Philosophica, & piè & eruditè explicata. Frankfurt: Peter Braubach, 1565 (VD16 S 2493).
Hyperaspistes Responsi, ad quatuor Epistolas Petri Rami contra se aeditas Tübingen: Ulrich Morhart, 1570 (VD16 S 2478).
Organi Aristotelei Pars prima eaq[ue] analytica. Basel: Eusebius Episcopius, 1577 (VD16 S 2483).
Tractationum physicarum et medicarum tomus unus. Frankfurt: Johann Wechel, 1585 (VD16 S 2492).
Notesedit
^Arthur Richter, "Degen, Jakob“ in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, herausgegeben von der Historischen Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Band 5 (1877), pp. 21–22, Digitale Volltext-Ausgabe in Wikisource, URL: [1] (Version vom 6. April 2011, 02:41 Uhr UTC)
^Arthur Richter, "Degen, Jakob“ in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie.
^Howard Hotson, Commonplace Learning: Ramism and its German Ramifications, 1543–1630 (2007) pp. 22, 102.
^Charles D. Gunnoe, Thomas Erastus and the Palatinate: A Renaissance Physician in the Second Reformation (Leiden: Brill, 2011), pp. 155-158.
^Hiro Hirai, "The Invisible Hand of God in Seeds: Jacob Schegk’s Theory of Plastic Faculty," Early Science and Medicine 12 (2007) 377-404.
^Quoted in James Hinz, "Jacob Schegk," Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation (Oxford, 1996), vol. 4, p. 2.
Referencesedit
Günter Frank, Die Vernunft des Gottesgedankens: Religionsphilosophische Studien zur frühen Neuzeit. Stuttgart, Bad Cannstatt, 2003 (Quaestiones ; 13). [Johann Jacob Brucker Schegk]
James Hinz, "Jacob Schegk," Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation (Oxford, 1996), vol. 4, p. 2. ISBN0-19-506493-3
Hiro Hirai, "The Invisible Hand of God in Seeds: Jacob Schegk’s Theory of Plastic Faculty," Early Science and Medicine 12 (2007): 377-404.
Hiro Hirai, "Jacob Schegk on the Plastic Faculty and the Origins of Souls" in Medical humanism and natural philosophy: Renaissance debates on matter, life, and the soul (Leiden: Brill, 2011), 81-103.
Sachiko Kusukawa, "Lutheran uses of Aristotle: a comparison between Jacob Schegk and Philip Melanchthon." In Philosophy in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999), pp. 169–205.
Albert Moll, "Jakob Degen und Oswald Gabelkover," in Medicinisches Correspondenzblatt des Württembergischen Ärztlichen Veriens 26 (1856): 81-85, 89-92, 97-103
Arthur Richter (1877), "Degen, Jakob (Philosoph)", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 5, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 21–22
Christoph Sigwart, Jakob Schegk. Ein Bild aus der Geschichte der Universität Tübingen im 16. Jahrhundert. In Staatsanzeiger, Beilage 1883, pp. 65–79
Christoph Sigwart, “Jacob Schegk, Professor der Philosophie und Medizin. In Kleine Schriften, I, 256-291 (Freiburg, 1889).
External linksedit
Biography in Melchior Adam's Vitae Germanorum Medicorum
Schegk biography at the Galileo Project
Woodcut portrait of Schegk
January 01, 1970
jakob, schegk, also, known, jakob, degen, johann, jacob, brucker, schegk, elder, schegkius, scheckius, june, 1511, 1587, polymath, german, aristotelian, philosopher, academic, physician, engraving, jost, ammanborn6, june, 1511schorndorf, duchy, württembergdied. Jakob Schegk also known as Jakob Degen Johann Jacob Brucker Schegk Jakob Schegk the elder Schegkius and Scheckius 6 June 1511 9 May 1587 was a polymath German Aristotelian philosopher and academic physician Jakob SchegkEngraving of Jakob Schegk by Jost AmmanBorn6 June 1511Schorndorf Duchy of WurttembergDied9 May 1587Tubingen Duchy of WurttembergEraRenaissance philosophyRegionWestern philosophySchoolAristotelianismMain interestsMetaphysics medicine theology Contents 1 Origins and education 2 Academic career 3 Works 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksOrigins and education editBorn Jakob Degen in Schorndorf son of the citizen Bernhard Degen he adopted the name Schegk Schegkius which he used his entire adult life A prodigy in classical languages having studied with Johann Reuchlin s student Johann Thomas in Schorndorf Schegk made rapid progress upon enrolling at the University of Tubingen in 1527 taking his M A in 1529 He was received by the university senate and began lectures in philosophy and classics while only twenty He remained in Tubingen for his entire career 1 Academic career editHe took over the administration of the Tubinger Stift giving him the opportunity to develop a competence in theology He likewise studied law prior to turning his attention to medicine in the 1530s He took a doctorate in medicine in 1539 after studying with Leonhard Fuchs and Michael Rucker He remained on the arts faculty until joining the medical faculty in 1553 Nevertheless his philosophical expertise was too great to go untapped and the university gave him the unusual dual commission to hold lectures in both medicine and Aristotle from 1564 onwards His poor eyesight hampered his mobility and he became totally blind by 1577 He nevertheless continued his academic career In philosophy he was a leading German Lutheran Aristotelian and was regarded as one of the greatest philosophical authorities of his age 2 He died at Tubingen While somewhat neglected by modern scholarship his numerous commentaries upon the Aristotelian corpus are highly regarded especially his De demonstratione libri XV He engaged a long running dispute against the Italian Aristotelian philosopher Simone Simoni A committed Aristotelian he resolutely opposed the philosophical innovations of Petrus Ramus 3 He likewise was involved in a dialogue with Thomas Erastus concerning the ubiquity of Christ s physical body in the Lord s Supper 4 Prominent students included Nicolaus Taurellus and Andreas Planer and Schegk exercised a more distant influence on the French Paracelsian Joseph Duchesne Quercetanus Recent studies have demonstrated his long lasting impact on early modern medical theory 5 Hans Weber dubbed him the father and pioneer of Protestant Scholasticism 6 Works editAntisimonius quo refelluntur supra trecentos errores Simonii Eivsdem Iacobi Schegkii Apologeticus oppositus calumniae G Genebrardi Parisiensis Theologi Tubingen Georg Gruppenbach 1573 VD 16 S 2464 Antilogia Jacobi Schegkii Schorndorffensis qua refellit XXVII Propositiones Servetianae Haereseos Tubingen Ulrich Morhart 1568 VD16 S 2463 De demonstratione libri XV Basel Johannes Oporinus et al 1564 VD 16 S 2475 De Vna Persona amp duabus Naturis Christi Sententia Iacobi Schegkij D Medici Et Philosophi Clarissimi Professoris Scholae Tubingensis ex fundamentis quidem Scripturae Sacrae analysi autem Philosophica amp pie amp erudite explicata Frankfurt Peter Braubach 1565 VD16 S 2493 Hyperaspistes Responsi ad quatuor Epistolas Petri Rami contra se aeditas Tubingen Ulrich Morhart 1570 VD16 S 2478 Organi Aristotelei Pars prima eaq ue analytica Basel Eusebius Episcopius 1577 VD16 S 2483 Tractationum physicarum et medicarum tomus unus Frankfurt Johann Wechel 1585 VD16 S 2492 Notes edit Arthur Richter Degen Jakob in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie herausgegeben von der Historischen Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Band 5 1877 pp 21 22 Digitale Volltext Ausgabe in Wikisource URL 1 Version vom 6 April 2011 02 41 Uhr UTC Arthur Richter Degen Jakob in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Howard Hotson Commonplace Learning Ramism and its German Ramifications 1543 1630 2007 pp 22 102 Charles D Gunnoe Thomas Erastus and the Palatinate A Renaissance Physician in the Second Reformation Leiden Brill 2011 pp 155 158 Hiro Hirai The Invisible Hand of God in Seeds Jacob Schegk s Theory of Plastic Faculty Early Science and Medicine 12 2007 377 404 Quoted in James Hinz Jacob Schegk Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation Oxford 1996 vol 4 p 2 References editGunter Frank Die Vernunft des Gottesgedankens Religionsphilosophische Studien zur fruhen Neuzeit Stuttgart Bad Cannstatt 2003 Quaestiones 13 Johann Jacob Brucker Schegk James Hinz Jacob Schegk Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation Oxford 1996 vol 4 p 2 ISBN 0 19 506493 3 Hiro Hirai The Invisible Hand of God in Seeds Jacob Schegk s Theory of Plastic Faculty Early Science and Medicine 12 2007 377 404 Hiro Hirai Jacob Schegk on the Plastic Faculty and the Origins of Souls in Medical humanism and natural philosophy Renaissance debates on matter life and the soul Leiden Brill 2011 81 103 Sachiko Kusukawa Lutheran uses of Aristotle a comparison between Jacob Schegk and Philip Melanchthon In Philosophy in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries Aldershot Ashgate 1999 pp 169 205 Albert Moll Jakob Degen und Oswald Gabelkover in Medicinisches Correspondenzblatt des Wurttembergischen Arztlichen Veriens 26 1856 81 85 89 92 97 103 Arthur Richter 1877 Degen Jakob Philosoph Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie in German vol 5 Leipzig Duncker amp Humblot pp 21 22 Christoph Sigwart Jakob Schegk Ein Bild aus der Geschichte der Universitat Tubingen im 16 Jahrhundert In Staatsanzeiger Beilage 1883 pp 65 79 Christoph Sigwart Jacob Schegk Professor der Philosophie und Medizin In Kleine Schriften I 256 291 Freiburg 1889 External links editBiography in Melchior Adam s Vitae Germanorum Medicorum Schegk biography at the Galileo Project Woodcut portrait of Schegk Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jakob Schegk amp oldid 1209230429, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
