The Pnar, also known as Jaiñtia, are a sub-tribal group of the Khasi people in Meghalaya, India.[4] The Pnar people are matrilineal. They speak the Pnar Language, which belongs to the Austro-Asiatic language family and is very similar to the Khasi language. The Pnar people are natives of West Jaintia Hills and East Jaintia Hills District of Meghalaya, India. They call themselves as "Ki Khun Hynñiew Trep" (Children of 7-hut). Their main festivals are Behdeinkhlam, Chad Sukra, Chad Pastieh and Laho Dance.
The name "Pnar" is an endonym, while "Jaiñtia" and "Synteng" are exonyms.[4] The word "Jaiñtia" is derived from the name of a former kingdom, the Jaintia Kingdom, whose rulers were Syntengs. One theory says that the word "Jaiñtia" is ultimately derived from the name of the shrine of Jayanti Devi or Jainteswari, an incarnation of the Hindu goddess Durga. Another theory says that the name is derived via Synteng from Sutnga, a former settlement; the myth of Jayanti Devi was probably created after the Hinduisation of the Jaintia kingdom.[4]
Historyedit
As with all sub-tribes of the Khasi tribe, the Pnar sub-tribals have no recorded history of their own. However, they are mentioned in the Buranji chronicles of Assam and the British records.[5]
Like all the other sub-tribes of the Khasi tribe, the Pnar people also claim descent from Ki Hynñiew Trep [ seven 'huts'(derived from - ïing 'Trep') or seven families ]. The rulers of the medieval Jaintia Kingdom belonged to the Synteng community.[4] The Kingdom was annexed by the British East India Company in 1835, and merged into the Assam province. The Jaintia Hills district was established in the region after the establishment of the Meghalaya state in independent India, in 1972. There are Pnar people in the Jaintiapur upazila, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
Religionedit
The original tribal religion of the Pnars is known as Niamtre.[6] The Pnar tribals believe that their religion is God-given (not founded by man) and comes to this world by God's decree. The three cardinal principles dictated by God are kamai yei hok, tipbru tipblai and tipkur tipkha. They signify right living and practice based on right livelihood; fulfillment of duties towards fellow men to reach God; and showing respect to the members of one's father's and mother's clans. Therefore, Niamtre stresses equal weight to be given to fellow humans to attain God realisation.
Religious wise out of 4 lakh Jaintias, around 2.4 lakh (60% of the ethnic population) professed Christian faith of various denominations particularly (Protestant and Catholic) & rest remaining 1.6 lakh (40% of ethnic population) practice their original tribal religion called "Ka Niamtre".[7]
Referencesedit
^"District Census Meghalaya - Jaintia Hills" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011.
^"District Census Meghalaya - Jaintia Hills" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011.
^Laloo Betty (20 July 2016). "Reconstructing the early Jaintia state through oral traditions". University. hdl:10603/217208.
^ abcdSoumen Sen (2004). Khasi-Jaintia folklore: context, discourse, and history. NFSC. p. 56. ISBN978-81-901481-3-9. Retrieved 2 December 2011.
^Hamlet Bareh (2001). Encyclopaedia of North-East India: Meghalaya. Mittal Publications. p. 307. ISBN978-81-7099-791-7.
pnar, people, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, march, 2020, . This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Pnar people news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Pnar also known as Jaintia are a sub tribal group of the Khasi people in Meghalaya India 4 The Pnar people are matrilineal They speak the Pnar Language which belongs to the Austro Asiatic language family and is very similar to the Khasi language The Pnar people are natives of West Jaintia Hills and East Jaintia Hills District of Meghalaya India They call themselves as Ki Khun Hynniew Trep Children of 7 hut Their main festivals are Behdeinkhlam Chad Sukra Chad Pastieh and Laho Dance Pnar Jaintia or Synteng Total population395 124 1 2011 Regions with significant populationsMeghalaya India393 124 2 2011 Assam India2 169 2011 LanguagesPnarReligionChristianity 60 amp Niamtre 40 3 Related ethnic groupsKhasi people Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 Religion 4 ReferencesEtymology editThe name Pnar is an endonym while Jaintia and Synteng are exonyms 4 The word Jaintia is derived from the name of a former kingdom the Jaintia Kingdom whose rulers were Syntengs One theory says that the word Jaintia is ultimately derived from the name of the shrine of Jayanti Devi or Jainteswari an incarnation of the Hindu goddess Durga Another theory says that the name is derived via Synteng from Sutnga a former settlement the myth of Jayanti Devi was probably created after the Hinduisation of the Jaintia kingdom 4 History editAs with all sub tribes of the Khasi tribe the Pnar sub tribals have no recorded history of their own However they are mentioned in the Buranji chronicles of Assam and the British records 5 Like all the other sub tribes of the Khasi tribe the Pnar people also claim descent from Ki Hynniew Trep seven huts derived from iing Trep or seven families The rulers of the medieval Jaintia Kingdom belonged to the Synteng community 4 The Kingdom was annexed by the British East India Company in 1835 and merged into the Assam province The Jaintia Hills district was established in the region after the establishment of the Meghalaya state in independent India in 1972 There are Pnar people in the Jaintiapur upazila Sylhet Bangladesh Religion editThe original tribal religion of the Pnars is known as Niamtre 6 The Pnar tribals believe that their religion is God given not founded by man and comes to this world by God s decree The three cardinal principles dictated by God are kamai yei hok tipbru tipblai and tipkur tipkha They signify right living and practice based on right livelihood fulfillment of duties towards fellow men to reach God and showing respect to the members of one s father s and mother s clans Therefore Niamtre stresses equal weight to be given to fellow humans to attain God realisation Religious wise out of 4 lakh Jaintias around 2 4 lakh 60 of the ethnic population professed Christian faith of various denominations particularly Protestant and Catholic amp rest remaining 1 6 lakh 40 of ethnic population practice their original tribal religion called Ka Niamtre 7 References edit District Census Meghalaya Jaintia Hills PDF censusindia gov in Office of the Registrar General amp Census Commissioner India 2011 District Census Meghalaya Jaintia Hills PDF censusindia gov in Office of the Registrar General amp Census Commissioner India 2011 Laloo Betty 20 July 2016 Reconstructing the early Jaintia state through oral traditions University hdl 10603 217208 a b c d Soumen Sen 2004 Khasi Jaintia folklore context discourse and history NFSC p 56 ISBN 978 81 901481 3 9 Retrieved 2 December 2011 Hamlet Bareh 2001 Encyclopaedia of North East India Meghalaya Mittal Publications p 307 ISBN 978 81 7099 791 7 Kumar Suresh Singh Anthropological Survey of India 1994 People of India Meghalaya Anthropological Survey of India p 12 ISBN 978 81 7046 123 4 blog cpsindia org 2016 10 religion data of census 2011 xxx st html Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pnar people amp oldid 1186846462, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
