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Jackson Showalter

Jackson Whipps Showalter (February 5, 1859 in Minerva, Kentucky – February 5, 1935 in Lexington, Kentucky) was a five-time U.S. Chess Champion: 1890, 1892, 1892–1894, 1895–96 and 1906–1909.

Jackson Showalter

Chess career edit

U.S. Championship matches edit

Showalter won U.S. Championship matches against Max Judd (1891/92, +7−4=3), Albert Hodges (1894, +7−6=4), S. Lipschütz (1895, +7−4=3), Emil Kemény (1896, +7−4=4), and John Finan Barry (1896, +7−2=4). He lost championship matches to Max Judd (1890, +3−7=0), S. Lipschütz (1892, +1−7=7), Albert Hodges (1894, +3−5=1), Harry Nelson Pillsbury (twice, 1897 (+8−10=3) and 1898 (+3−7=2), and Frank Marshall (1909, +2−7=3).

Other matches edit

Other match results: William H.K. Pollock (1891, +3−2=3), Emanuel Lasker (1892/93, +2−6=2), Jacob Halpern (1893, +5−3=1), Adolf Albin (1894, +10−7=8), Dawid Janowski (four times: 1898, +2−7=4; 1899, +4−2=0 and +4−2=1; 1916, +2−7=2), Borislav Kostic (1915, +2−7=5), and Norman T. Whitaker (twice: 1916, +6−1=0 and 1918, +1−4=3).

Tournament record edit

  • Cincinnati 1888, +8−0=2, first place;
  • New York 1889, +15−17=8, ninth (Chigorin and Weiss won; the first draw in the second round did not count and had to be replayed);
  • St. Louis 1890, +11−0=1, first;
  • Chicago 1890, +13−1=0, first;
  • Lexington 1891, +5−1=0, first;
  • New York 1893 (Impromptu), +7−4=2, third (Em. Lasker won);
  • New York 1893 (N.Y.C.C.), +5−3=1, third (Pillsbury won);
  • New York (NYSCA) 1894, +3−0=1, second (Hodges won);
  • Buffalo 1894, +3−1=2, first;
  • New York 1894 (2nd City Chess Club Tournament), +5−3=2, third (Steinitz won);
  • New York (NYSCA) 1895, +3−0=1 (second, D. G. Baird won);
  • Brooklyn CC championship 1895/96, +3−1=0, withdrew after four rounds (Hermann Helms won);
  • Nuremberg 1896, +3−10=5, sixteenth (Em. Lasker won);
  • New York (NYSCA) 1898, +1−1=1, seventh (Koehler won);
  • Vienna 1898, +12−16=6, fourteenth (Tarrasch won);
  • Cologne 1898, +8−5=2, sixth (Burn won);
  • London 1899, +7−10=9, eighth (Em. Lasker won);
  • Paris 1900, +8−6=5, tenth (Em. Lasker won; the first draw did not count and had to be replayed);
  • Munich 1900, +7−7=1, seventh (Pillsbury and Schlechter won);
  • New York 1900, +6−2=2, second (Lipschütz won);
  • Cambridge Springs 1904, +4−2=9, fifth (Marshall won);
  • Excelsior (Minnesota) 1915, +9−1=0, first;
  • Tampa 1916, +3−4=2, second (W. Moorman won);
  • Chicago 1916, +14−1=2, second (Ed. Lasker won);
  • Lexington 1917, +4−3=1, second (Ed. Lasker won);
  • Chicago 1918 +4−6=1, ninth (Kostic won);
  • Cincinnati 1919, +6−3=1, fourth (Ed. Lasker won);
  • Louisville 1922, +7−2=2, fourth (Factor won);
  • Chicago 1926, +2−8=2, twelfth (Marshall won).

He also competed in the U.S. versus Great Britain international cable matches from 1896–1901, compiling a +4−1=1 record.

Assessment edit

 
Nellie Showalter, from an 1894 publication

Showalter was known as "the Kentucky Lion" after his birthplace and his hairstyle, which consisted of a thick mane down the back of his neck, and perhaps also his playing strength.[1] His wife Nellie was one of America's leading female players, who won a match against Emanuel Lasker at knight odds 5–2.[2]

A variation of the Queen's Gambit Accepted is named after him (1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3).

The famous "Capablanca Simplifying Manoeuvre" in the Orthodox Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined (1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e3 Nbd7 6.Nf3 0-0 7.Rc1 c6 8.Bd3 dxc4 9.Bxc4 Nd5) had in fact been used by Showalter in the 1890s, many years before José Raúl Capablanca played it.[3]

Showalter was inducted in the World Chess Hall of Fame on August 7, 2010. His great granddaughter, Amy Showalter, attended the ceremony and accepted the plaque on behalf of the Showalter family. The content of the induction speech was supplied by Kevin Marchese of Columbus, Ohio, who is currently writing a biography on Showalter that was slated to be delivered in late 2016. As of April 2021, the manuscript is nearly completed with aspirations to publish in early 2022.

References edit

  1. ^ David Hooper and Kenneth Whyld, The Oxford Companion to Chess (2nd ed. 1992), p. 371. ISBN 0-19-866164-9.
  2. ^ Isaak and Vladimir Linder, Emanuel Lasker: Second World Chess Champion (World Chess Champions), Kindle Edition, Russell Enterprises, 2013, ISBN 978-1888690606.
  3. ^ Hooper and Whyld, pp. 70, 371.

Further reading edit

  • Harry Golombek: Golombek's Encyclopedia of Chess, Crown Publishers 1977.

External links edit

Preceded by United States Chess Champion
1890
Succeeded by
Preceded by United States Chess Champion
1892
Succeeded by
Preceded by United States Chess Champion
1892–1894
Succeeded by
Preceded by United States Chess Champion
1895–1896
Succeeded by
Preceded by United States Chess Champion
1906–1909
Succeeded by

jackson, showalter, jackson, whipps, showalter, february, 1859, minerva, kentucky, february, 1935, lexington, kentucky, five, time, chess, champion, 1890, 1892, 1892, 1894, 1895, 1906, 1909, contents, chess, career, championship, matches, other, matches, tourn. Jackson Whipps Showalter February 5 1859 in Minerva Kentucky February 5 1935 in Lexington Kentucky was a five time U S Chess Champion 1890 1892 1892 1894 1895 96 and 1906 1909 Jackson Showalter Contents 1 Chess career 1 1 U S Championship matches 1 2 Other matches 1 3 Tournament record 2 Assessment 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksChess career editU S Championship matches edit Showalter won U S Championship matches against Max Judd 1891 92 7 4 3 Albert Hodges 1894 7 6 4 S Lipschutz 1895 7 4 3 Emil Kemeny 1896 7 4 4 and John Finan Barry 1896 7 2 4 He lost championship matches to Max Judd 1890 3 7 0 S Lipschutz 1892 1 7 7 Albert Hodges 1894 3 5 1 Harry Nelson Pillsbury twice 1897 8 10 3 and 1898 3 7 2 and Frank Marshall 1909 2 7 3 Other matches edit Other match results William H K Pollock 1891 3 2 3 Emanuel Lasker 1892 93 2 6 2 Jacob Halpern 1893 5 3 1 Adolf Albin 1894 10 7 8 Dawid Janowski four times 1898 2 7 4 1899 4 2 0 and 4 2 1 1916 2 7 2 Borislav Kostic 1915 2 7 5 and Norman T Whitaker twice 1916 6 1 0 and 1918 1 4 3 Tournament record edit Cincinnati 1888 8 0 2 first place New York 1889 15 17 8 ninth Chigorin and Weiss won the first draw in the second round did not count and had to be replayed St Louis 1890 11 0 1 first Chicago 1890 13 1 0 first Lexington 1891 5 1 0 first New York 1893 Impromptu 7 4 2 third Em Lasker won New York 1893 N Y C C 5 3 1 third Pillsbury won New York NYSCA 1894 3 0 1 second Hodges won Buffalo 1894 3 1 2 first New York 1894 2nd City Chess Club Tournament 5 3 2 third Steinitz won New York NYSCA 1895 3 0 1 second D G Baird won Brooklyn CC championship 1895 96 3 1 0 withdrew after four rounds Hermann Helms won Nuremberg 1896 3 10 5 sixteenth Em Lasker won New York NYSCA 1898 1 1 1 seventh Koehler won Vienna 1898 12 16 6 fourteenth Tarrasch won Cologne 1898 8 5 2 sixth Burn won London 1899 7 10 9 eighth Em Lasker won Paris 1900 8 6 5 tenth Em Lasker won the first draw did not count and had to be replayed Munich 1900 7 7 1 seventh Pillsbury and Schlechter won New York 1900 6 2 2 second Lipschutz won Cambridge Springs 1904 4 2 9 fifth Marshall won Excelsior Minnesota 1915 9 1 0 first Tampa 1916 3 4 2 second W Moorman won Chicago 1916 14 1 2 second Ed Lasker won Lexington 1917 4 3 1 second Ed Lasker won Chicago 1918 4 6 1 ninth Kostic won Cincinnati 1919 6 3 1 fourth Ed Lasker won Louisville 1922 7 2 2 fourth Factor won Chicago 1926 2 8 2 twelfth Marshall won He also competed in the U S versus Great Britain international cable matches from 1896 1901 compiling a 4 1 1 record Assessment editThis section uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves nbsp Nellie Showalter from an 1894 publication Showalter was known as the Kentucky Lion after his birthplace and his hairstyle which consisted of a thick mane down the back of his neck and perhaps also his playing strength 1 His wife Nellie was one of America s leading female players who won a match against Emanuel Lasker at knight odds 5 2 2 A variation of the Queen s Gambit Accepted is named after him 1 d4 d5 2 c4 dxc4 3 Nf3 Nf6 4 Nc3 The famous Capablanca Simplifying Manoeuvre in the Orthodox Variation of the Queen s Gambit Declined 1 d4 d5 2 c4 e6 3 Nc3 Nf6 4 Bg5 Be7 5 e3 Nbd7 6 Nf3 0 0 7 Rc1 c6 8 Bd3 dxc4 9 Bxc4 Nd5 had in fact been used by Showalter in the 1890s many years before Jose Raul Capablanca played it 3 Showalter was inducted in the World Chess Hall of Fame on August 7 2010 His great granddaughter Amy Showalter attended the ceremony and accepted the plaque on behalf of the Showalter family The content of the induction speech was supplied by Kevin Marchese of Columbus Ohio who is currently writing a biography on Showalter that was slated to be delivered in late 2016 As of April 2021 the manuscript is nearly completed with aspirations to publish in early 2022 References edit David Hooper and Kenneth Whyld The Oxford Companion to Chess 2nd ed 1992 p 371 ISBN 0 19 866164 9 Isaak and Vladimir Linder Emanuel Lasker Second World Chess Champion World Chess Champions Kindle Edition Russell Enterprises 2013 ISBN 978 1888690606 Hooper and Whyld pp 70 371 Further reading editHarry Golombek Golombek s Encyclopedia of Chess Crown Publishers 1977 External links editJackson Showalter player profile and games at Chessgames com Preceded byS Lipschutz United States Chess Champion1890 Succeeded byMax Judd Preceded byMax Judd United States Chess Champion1892 Succeeded byS Lipschutz Preceded byS Lipschutz United States Chess Champion1892 1894 Succeeded byAlbert Hodges Preceded byAlbert Hodges United States Chess Champion1895 1896 Succeeded byHarry Nelson Pillsbury Preceded byHarry Nelson Pillsbury United States Chess Champion1906 1909 Succeeded byFrank Marshall Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jackson Showalter amp oldid 1209715089, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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