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Ivan Yakubovsky

October 20, 2023

Ivan Ignatyevich Yakubovsky (Russian: Ива́н Игна́тьевич Якубо́вский; 7 January 1912[1] – 30 November 1976) was a Marshal of the Soviet Union, twice made a Hero of the Soviet Union and serving as commander-in-chief of the Warsaw Pact from 1967 to 1976.

Ivan Ignatyevich Yakubovsky
Yakubovsky in 1945
Native name
Ива́н Игна́тьевич Якубо́вский
Born(1912-01-07)7 January 1912
Zaitsava, Mogilev Governorate, Russian Empire (present-day Horki District, Mogilev Region, Belarus)
Died30 November 1976(1976-11-30) (aged 64)
Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Buried
Kremlin Wall Necropolis
Allegiance Soviet Union
Warsaw Pact
Service/branchArmy
Years of service1932–1976
RankMarshal of the Soviet Union (1967-1976)
Commands held
Battles/warsWorld War II
AwardsHero of the Soviet Union (twice)
Signature

Life Edit

Early life Edit

Born as the sixth child of a peasant family of Belarusian[2] ethnicity in the Mogilev Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Belarus), he was employed in their village and graduated from a rural school. From 1930 he worked as section-secretary on the Makaryevsky village council, then at a plant. He graduated from two courses at the Orsha School in 1932.

Military service Edit

Pre-war Edit

Enlisting in the Red Army in 1932, he graduated from the Mikhail Kalinin Belarusian Association Military School in Minsk in 1934, aiming to serve as a training platoon commander in the 27th Omsk Red Banner Rifle Division (Vitebsk).

In 1935 he graduated from training courses in Leningrad, before serving in the Belorussian Military District as a platoon commander, company commander, battalion chief of staff and training battalion commander of various armoured units. Commanding a tank company in the Red Army's September 1939 Polish campaign as part of the troops on the Belorussian front, he also served in the 1939–40 Winter War.

World War II Edit

Yakubovsky entered the war in its early days on the western border as commander of a tank battalion, fighting heroically in the most difficult defensive battles in Belarus. His unit was one of the last defenders of a doomed Minsk, crushing an advanced enemy motorcycle convoy with their tanks in the city streets. From January 1942 he commanded a tank regiment of the 121st tank brigade on the USSR's western front, becoming Deputy Commander of the 121st tank brigade[3] (January 1942) then Commander (March 1942) of the 91st Tank Brigade and participating in the Barvinkivske-Lozova offensive. He distinguished himself in the defensive battles in the Donets Basin in the summer of 1942 and in the defensive and offensive phases of the Battle of Stalingrad, fighting on the Southern, Southwestern, Stalingrad and Don fronts and rising to colonel on 30 November 1942.

In spring 1943 the brigade was transferred to the Central Front, joining the 3rd Guards Tank Army, in which he fought right up until VE Day. Heading the brigade, he fought heroically on the Voronezh, Bryansk, Central, 1st Ukrainian fronts, in the battle of Kursk in the Orel region, in the Battle of the Dnieper and in the liberation of Kiev and Fastiv. For his heroism at Fastiv, where his unit destroyed 30 enemy tanks in a single day, Yakubovsky was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.[4] In spring 1944, at the head of his tank brigade, Col Yakubovsky successfully operated in Proskurovo-Chernivtsi offensive.

In June 1944 he became deputy commander of 6th Guards Tank Corps within 3rd Guards Tank Army. He participated in the Lvov–Sandomierz Offensive, in the battles defending and expanding the Sandomierz bridgehead, in the Vistula–Oder Offensive in January 1945. In these operations, he commanded the advanced corps troops, at their point of impact with the German tank units. For heroic actions in the Lvov-Sandomierz operation Colonel Yakubovsky was again ranked as a Hero of the Soviet Union, by decree of 23 September 1944. From April 1945 he was deputy commander of the 7th Guards Tank Corps within 3rd Guards Tank Army, participating in the Berlin and Prague operations and rising to Major-General of Tank Troops (20 April 1945).

Cold War Edit

 
Yakubovsky, far left, with East German politicians and officers, 1960.

After the war, he continued to serve as deputy commander of the tank corps in the Leningrad Military District. In 1948 he graduated from the General Staff Academy. In March 1948 he became Commander of the Armored Division in the Belorussian Military District then in April 1952 became commander of armoured and mechanized forces in the Carpathian Military District. Rising to Lieutenant-General of Tank Forces (3.05.1953), he commanded a Tank Army (December 1953 to April 1957) then a mechanized army (from April 1957).

In July 1957 he became First Deputy Commander of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, later being promoted to Colonel-General (18.08.1958). In April 1960 he was appointed Commander of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, being in post in the midst of the Berlin Crisis of 1961, when the threat of armed conflict in Europe dramatically escalated. During the crisis, in August 1961, Ivan Konev, Commander in Chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, was appointed Marshal of the Soviet Union and Yakubovsky was transferred to the post of his first deputy, while continuing to manage the daily operations of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. After stabilizing the situation in April 1962, Army General Yakubovsky again returned to the post of Commander of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. In January 1965 he was made Commander of the Kiev Military District.

On 12 April 1967 he was made First Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR (simultaneously with the appointment of Andrei Grechko as Minister of Defense) and Marshal of the Soviet Union, whilst from July that year he contiguously held the post of supreme commander of the forces of the Warsaw Pact.[citation needed] In this capacity, he directed military preparations for the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968.[citation needed]

Death Edit

Yakubovsky died of cancer on 30 November, 1976 at the age of 64, and his ashes was buried at the Kremlin Wall Necropolis.

Awards Edit

Soviet awards
Foreign awards

Commemorations Edit

Kiev Higher Tank Engineering College was named after him in 1977 and streets have been named after him in Kiev, Minsk, Fastiv and his birthplace of Gorki.

Memoirs Edit

  • Земля в огне (Earth on fire); Moscow, 1975;
  • За прочный мир на земле (For a lasting peace on earth); Moscow, 1975

Notes Edit

  1. ^ Old style: 25 December 1911
  2. ^ Герои страны
  3. ^ 121st Tank Brigade of the Armed Forces of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War.
  4. ^ Указ Президиума Верховного Совета СССР «О присвоении звания Героя Советского Союза генералам, офицерскому, сержантскому и рядовому составу Красной Армии» от 10 января 1944 года // Ведомости Верховного Совета Союза Советских Социалистических Республик : газета. — 1944. — 19 января (№ 3 (263)). — С. 1

External links Edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ivan Yakubovsky.

October 20, 2023
ivan, yakubovsky, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, december, 2012, learn, when, remove, this, template, message. This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations December 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ivan Ignatyevich Yakubovsky Russian Iva n Igna tevich Yakubo vskij 7 January 1912 1 30 November 1976 was a Marshal of the Soviet Union twice made a Hero of the Soviet Union and serving as commander in chief of the Warsaw Pact from 1967 to 1976 Ivan Ignatyevich YakubovskyYakubovsky in 1945Native nameIva n Igna tevich Yakubo vskijBorn 1912 01 07 7 January 1912Zaitsava Mogilev Governorate Russian Empire present day Horki District Mogilev Region Belarus Died30 November 1976 1976 11 30 aged 64 Moscow Russian SFSR Soviet UnionBuriedKremlin Wall NecropolisAllegiance Soviet UnionWarsaw PactService wbr branchArmyYears of service1932 1976RankMarshal of the Soviet Union 1967 1976 Commands held91st Separate Tank Brigade Soviet Forces Germany Kiev Military District Allied Forces of the Warsaw PactBattles warsWorld War IIAwardsHero of the Soviet Union twice Signature Contents 1 Life 1 1 Early life 1 2 Military service 1 2 1 Pre war 1 2 2 World War II 1 2 3 Cold War 1 3 Death 2 Awards 3 Commemorations 4 Memoirs 5 Notes 6 External linksLife EditEarly life Edit Born as the sixth child of a peasant family of Belarusian 2 ethnicity in the Mogilev Governorate of the Russian Empire present day Belarus he was employed in their village and graduated from a rural school From 1930 he worked as section secretary on the Makaryevsky village council then at a plant He graduated from two courses at the Orsha School in 1932 Military service Edit Pre war Edit Enlisting in the Red Army in 1932 he graduated from the Mikhail Kalinin Belarusian Association Military School in Minsk in 1934 aiming to serve as a training platoon commander in the 27th Omsk Red Banner Rifle Division Vitebsk In 1935 he graduated from training courses in Leningrad before serving in the Belorussian Military District as a platoon commander company commander battalion chief of staff and training battalion commander of various armoured units Commanding a tank company in the Red Army s September 1939 Polish campaign as part of the troops on the Belorussian front he also served in the 1939 40 Winter War World War II Edit Yakubovsky entered the war in its early days on the western border as commander of a tank battalion fighting heroically in the most difficult defensive battles in Belarus His unit was one of the last defenders of a doomed Minsk crushing an advanced enemy motorcycle convoy with their tanks in the city streets From January 1942 he commanded a tank regiment of the 121st tank brigade on the USSR s western front becoming Deputy Commander of the 121st tank brigade 3 January 1942 then Commander March 1942 of the 91st Tank Brigade and participating in the Barvinkivske Lozova offensive He distinguished himself in the defensive battles in the Donets Basin in the summer of 1942 and in the defensive and offensive phases of the Battle of Stalingrad fighting on the Southern Southwestern Stalingrad and Don fronts and rising to colonel on 30 November 1942 In spring 1943 the brigade was transferred to the Central Front joining the 3rd Guards Tank Army in which he fought right up until VE Day Heading the brigade he fought heroically on the Voronezh Bryansk Central 1st Ukrainian fronts in the battle of Kursk in the Orel region in the Battle of the Dnieper and in the liberation of Kiev and Fastiv For his heroism at Fastiv where his unit destroyed 30 enemy tanks in a single day Yakubovsky was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union 4 In spring 1944 at the head of his tank brigade Col Yakubovsky successfully operated in Proskurovo Chernivtsi offensive In June 1944 he became deputy commander of 6th Guards Tank Corps within 3rd Guards Tank Army He participated in the Lvov Sandomierz Offensive in the battles defending and expanding the Sandomierz bridgehead in the Vistula Oder Offensive in January 1945 In these operations he commanded the advanced corps troops at their point of impact with the German tank units For heroic actions in the Lvov Sandomierz operation Colonel Yakubovsky was again ranked as a Hero of the Soviet Union by decree of 23 September 1944 From April 1945 he was deputy commander of the 7th Guards Tank Corps within 3rd Guards Tank Army participating in the Berlin and Prague operations and rising to Major General of Tank Troops 20 April 1945 Cold War Edit nbsp Yakubovsky far left with East German politicians and officers 1960 After the war he continued to serve as deputy commander of the tank corps in the Leningrad Military District In 1948 he graduated from the General Staff Academy In March 1948 he became Commander of the Armored Division in the Belorussian Military District then in April 1952 became commander of armoured and mechanized forces in the Carpathian Military District Rising to Lieutenant General of Tank Forces 3 05 1953 he commanded a Tank Army December 1953 to April 1957 then a mechanized army from April 1957 In July 1957 he became First Deputy Commander of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany later being promoted to Colonel General 18 08 1958 In April 1960 he was appointed Commander of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany being in post in the midst of the Berlin Crisis of 1961 when the threat of armed conflict in Europe dramatically escalated During the crisis in August 1961 Ivan Konev Commander in Chief of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany was appointed Marshal of the Soviet Union and Yakubovsky was transferred to the post of his first deputy while continuing to manage the daily operations of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany After stabilizing the situation in April 1962 Army General Yakubovsky again returned to the post of Commander of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany In January 1965 he was made Commander of the Kiev Military District On 12 April 1967 he was made First Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR simultaneously with the appointment of Andrei Grechko as Minister of Defense and Marshal of the Soviet Union whilst from July that year he contiguously held the post of supreme commander of the forces of the Warsaw Pact citation needed In this capacity he directed military preparations for the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968 citation needed Death Edit Yakubovsky died of cancer on 30 November 1976 at the age of 64 and his ashes was buried at the Kremlin Wall Necropolis Awards EditSoviet awardsTwice Hero of the Soviet Union 10 January 1944 23 September 1944 Four Orders of Lenin 10 January 1944 6 January 1962 22 February 1968 6 January 1972 Order of the Red Banner four times 21 July 1942 14 February 1943 30 August 1944 21 August 1953 Two awards of the Order of Suvorov 2nd degree 6 April 1945 31 May 1945 Order of the Patriotic War 1st class 21 August 1943 Order of the Red Star 6 November 1947 Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR 3rd degree 30 April 1975 Honorary weapon with the State Emblem of the USSR 22 February 1968 Medal for Combat Service Jubilee Medal In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary since the Birth of Vladimir Il ich Lenin Medal For the Defence of Moscow Medal For the Defence of Stalingrad Medal For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941 1945 Jubilee Medal Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941 1945 Jubilee Medal Thirty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941 1945 Medal For the Capture of Berlin Medal For the Liberation of Prague Medal Veteran of the Armed Forces of the USSR Jubilee Medal 30 Years of the Soviet Army and Navy Jubilee Medal 40 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR Jubilee Medal 50 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR Foreign awardsHero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic 28 April 1970 Order of Klement Gottwald Czechoslovakia Order of Karl Marx East Germany 1970 Cross of Grunwald 1st class Poland Commander with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta Poland Commemorations EditKiev Higher Tank Engineering College was named after him in 1977 and streets have been named after him in Kiev Minsk Fastiv and his birthplace of Gorki Memoirs EditZemlya v ogne Earth on fire Moscow 1975 Za prochnyj mir na zemle For a lasting peace on earth Moscow 1975Notes Edit Old style 25 December 1911 Geroi strany 121st Tank Brigade of the Armed Forces of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War Ukaz Prezidiuma Verhovnogo Soveta SSSR O prisvoenii zvaniya Geroya Sovetskogo Soyuza generalam oficerskomu serzhantskomu i ryadovomu sostavu Krasnoj Armii ot 10 yanvarya 1944 goda Vedomosti Verhovnogo Soveta Soyuza Sovetskih Socialisticheskih Respublik gazeta 1944 19 yanvarya 3 263 S 1External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ivan Yakubovsky Ivan Yakubovsky at Find a GraveMilitary officesPreceded byAndrei Grechko Supreme Commander of the Unified Armed Forces of the Warsaw Treaty Organization1967 1976 Succeeded byViktor Kulikov Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ivan Yakubovsky amp oldid 1148475736, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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