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Ivan Mane Jarnović

May 03, 2024

Ivan Mane Jarnović (Italian: Giovanni Mane Giornovichi; 26 October 1747 – 23 November 1804) was a violinist and composer during the 18th century, often said to have been Italian but whose family was of Ragusan (today in Croatia) origin. There is no evidence that he ever lived in the Croatian lands to which both his paternal and maternal lineages have been traced.[1] He later appears to have held French citizenship,[2] escaping to England during the revolution. His career spanned Europe as he performed and/or sojourned in almost all major centres including Paris, Berlin, Warsaw, St Petersburg, Vienna, Stockholm, Basel, London, Dublin, amongst others. It appears he was a pupil of Antonio Lolli and he was an acquaintance of Joseph Haydn, with whom he shared concert programmes in London.

Ivan Mane Jarnović
Born(1747-10-26)26 October 1747
Died23 November 1804(1804-11-23) (aged 57)
St Petersburg, Russia
GenresClassical
Occupation(s)Composer, violinist
Years active1770–1804

Jarnović was reputedly born at sea en route from Dubrovnik to Palermo, Sicily (or was possibly born in Palermo), where he was baptised in the church San Antonio Abate on 29 October 1747.[3][4] He died in St Petersburg, Russia on 23 November 1804.

Biographical gaps edit

Whole periods of his life - his youth and other interludes - remain unaccounted for, while details as to his origins and identity have proven to be elusive. There are plausible arguments to suggest that his family was from Croatia, possibly from the Karlovac-Delnice region.[5] Highlighting a further riddle concerning his identity, Schneider and Tuksar both point out that Jarnovic's (or Giornovichi's) first names, Giovanni Mane, do not appear in any literature about him until 36 years after his death, namely in Schilling's Enzyclopadie of 1840. These names become the form most usually cited in encyclopaedic and biographical works from then onwards, often rendered today in their Croatian form as Ivan Mane Jarnović. It is "quite incredible," Tuksar has remarked, "that one of the leading musicians of 18th century Europe could have lived for 64 years without his name and surname ever being given anywhere, not even in his printed works, in their full and proper form." Besides Jarnović, several variations in the rendition of his surname also occur: Jarnowick, Jarnovick, Jarnovichi, Jarnowicz, Garnovik, Giarnovicki, Giernovichi, Giornivichi. It seems likely that shifts in the spelling and pronunciation of his name occurred according to the country in which he was living or performing or publishing his works at any given time.

At least one source does exist which indicates his first and last names, namely a register entry recording the baptism of Jarnović's daughter Sophia, in London, in 1795. The same document throws light on yet another area of uncertainty - that of Jarnović's family. Whereas little was previously known of the fate of his daughters "Mimi" and "Sofie", something of their lives and subsequent history is now on record.[6]

Debut in Paris, 1773 edit

Jarnović made a "sensational" debut in Paris, at a Concert Spirituel on 25 March 1773, and appeared in three successive concerts in which he was billed as the "fameux violoniste". He was for some years "all the rage in that capital". The Mercure de France described his playing as brilliant, finished and mannered, at the same time that it was sensitive and animated; he was "celebre" for the "beau fini" and "l'elegance et l'expression" of his playing. There is reference to at least five concert performances in 1775, five in 1776 and one in 1777, in addition to private concerts in many Parisian salons. In December 1775 he had "amazed" his audience and "seemed to surpass himself in his new violin concerto and in the little airs varies that he played following it".[7] The Mercure de France later described the Polish violinist Felix Janiewicz as his student on the latter's appearance at a Concert Spirituel.

Positions held in Prussia and Russia and extensive travels across Europe edit

In addition to other appointments, he appeared from 1779 to 1783 in the service of the Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia. On 14 May 1783 he was granted a three-year contract, in St Petersburg, in the service of Catherine II, Empress of Russia. Hereafter he returned westwards, performing, among other places, in Vienna and Paris. He resided in England from 1790 to 1796, "and there met with much success". Principally he performed in London but also in Bath, Edinburgh and in Dublin, before returning to the concert platforms of Europe, performing in Hamburg, Berlin and elsewhere in Germany between 1797 and 1802. A correspondent for the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung reported that "since my last letter there have been three concerts here of very diverse nature. The first and indisputably one of the most superior ones of the entire winter, was given on March 21 by Herr Giornowich ... one admires in the two violin concertos composed by him the beauty and novelty of the ideas just as much as the dexterity, power and extraordinary subtlety in the playing."[8][9]

Towards the end of 1802 he travelled to St Petersburg where he lived the two remaining years of his life.

Works edit

Jarnović composed about 50 chamber instrumental pieces, 22 violin concertos (17 preserved), and is known for having introduced the romanza as a slow movement into the structure of the violin concerto.

The violin concertos and other works have been studied in detail by Vjera Katalinić.[10]

The hymn-tune ST ASAPH is attributed to Jarnović, usually under the surname Giornivichi.[11] It was published in Robert Smith's Sacred Music in Edinburgh in 1825, and may be an arrangement of a work of Jarnović made at that time.[12]

Pupils and influence edit

While in England, one of Jarnović’s several pupils was the young Mulatto prodigy George Bridgetower, for whom Beethoven subsequently composed the Kreutzer Sonata.

Jarnović’s influence in terms of musical forms and performance is discussed by Katalinić[13] and Milligan.[14]

Fictional depictions of his life edit

Jarnović's life is fancifully described in a novel, Jarnović by G. Desnoisterres (pub. le Brisoys, Paris 1844), and in a collection Scènes de la vie d'artiste by P. Smith ("Une leçon de Jarnović" - pub. Paris, 1844).

Bicentennial in St Petersburg edit

A bicentennial seminar and concert in honour of Jarnović was convened and hosted by the St Petersburg Union of Composers on 23–24 November 2004. Participants included Professor Vladimir Gurevich and other local musicologists and performers, together with Jarnović specialists Vjera Katalinić[15] and Stanislav Tuksar from Zagreb, and by a descendant of one of Jarnović's daughters who travelled from Kimberley in South Africa.[16]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Katalinić, Vjera. 2006. Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovića: Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18. stoljeću. Zagreb: Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo
  2. ^ Katalinić, Vjera. 2006. Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovića: Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18. stoljeću. Zagreb: Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo
  3. ^ Katalinić, Vjera. 2006. Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovića: Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18. stoljeću. Zagreb: Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo
  4. ^ Tuksar, S. 1980. The question of Jarnović's identity: archive work in progress. In Tuksar, S. (ed) Ivan Mane Jarnović: a Croatian composer II. Zagreb, 1980, pp. 119-130
  5. ^ Tuksar, S. 1980. The question of Jarnović's identity: archive work in progress. In Tuksar, S. (ed) Ivan Mane Jarnović: a Croatian composer II. Zagreb, 1980, pp. 119-130
  6. ^ Morris, D. 2004. The daughters of Jarnović: a preliminary note. Arti Musices (Zagreb) 35:31-45.
  7. ^ Details and contemporary citations in Nunamaker, Norman Kirt. 1968. The virtuoso violin concerto before Paganini: the concertos of Lolli, Giornovichi and Woldemar. PhD thesis, Indiana University.
  8. ^ Cited by Nunamaker, Norman Kirt. 1968. The virtuoso violin concerto before Paganini: the concertos of Lolli, Giornovichi and Woldemar. PhD thesis, Indiana University
  9. ^ Milligan, Thomas B. 1983. The concerto and London's musical culture in the late eighteenth century. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press
  10. ^ Katalinić, Vjera. 2006. Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovića: Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18. stoljeću. Zagreb: Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo
  11. ^ "Tune: ST. ASAPH (Giornovichi)". Hymnary.org. Retrieved 2021-11-22.
  12. ^ Smith, Robert Archibald (1825). Sacred Music, consisting of the Tunes, Sanctusses, Doxologies, Thanksgivings,&c., sung in St. George's Church, Edinburgh. Edited by R. A. Smith. R. Purdie.
  13. ^ Katalinić, Vjera. 2006. Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovića: Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18. stoljeću. Zagreb: Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo
  14. ^ Milligan, Thomas B. 1983. The concerto and London's musical culture in the late eighteenth century. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press
  15. ^ Katalinić, Vjera. 2006. Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovića: Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18. stoljeću. Zagreb: Hrvatsko Muzikološko Društvo
  16. ^ Ivan Jarnović/Giornovichi Bicentenary - Account of a journey to St Petersburg, November 2004

External links edit

May 03, 2024
ivan, mane, jarnović, italian, giovanni, mane, giornovichi, october, 1747, november, 1804, violinist, composer, during, 18th, century, often, said, have, been, italian, whose, family, ragusan, today, croatia, origin, there, evidence, that, ever, lived, croatia. Ivan Mane Jarnovic Italian Giovanni Mane Giornovichi 26 October 1747 23 November 1804 was a violinist and composer during the 18th century often said to have been Italian but whose family was of Ragusan today in Croatia origin There is no evidence that he ever lived in the Croatian lands to which both his paternal and maternal lineages have been traced 1 He later appears to have held French citizenship 2 escaping to England during the revolution His career spanned Europe as he performed and or sojourned in almost all major centres including Paris Berlin Warsaw St Petersburg Vienna Stockholm Basel London Dublin amongst others It appears he was a pupil of Antonio Lolli and he was an acquaintance of Joseph Haydn with whom he shared concert programmes in London Ivan Mane JarnovicBorn 1747 10 26 26 October 1747Died23 November 1804 1804 11 23 aged 57 St Petersburg RussiaGenresClassicalOccupation s Composer violinistYears active1770 1804 Jarnovic was reputedly born at sea en route from Dubrovnik to Palermo Sicily or was possibly born in Palermo where he was baptised in the church San Antonio Abate on 29 October 1747 3 4 He died in St Petersburg Russia on 23 November 1804 Contents 1 Biographical gaps 2 Debut in Paris 1773 3 Positions held in Prussia and Russia and extensive travels across Europe 4 Works 5 Pupils and influence 6 Fictional depictions of his life 7 Bicentennial in St Petersburg 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksBiographical gaps editWhole periods of his life his youth and other interludes remain unaccounted for while details as to his origins and identity have proven to be elusive There are plausible arguments to suggest that his family was from Croatia possibly from the Karlovac Delnice region 5 Highlighting a further riddle concerning his identity Schneider and Tuksar both point out that Jarnovic s or Giornovichi s first names Giovanni Mane do not appear in any literature about him until 36 years after his death namely in Schilling s Enzyclopadie of 1840 These names become the form most usually cited in encyclopaedic and biographical works from then onwards often rendered today in their Croatian form as Ivan Mane Jarnovic It is quite incredible Tuksar has remarked that one of the leading musicians of 18th century Europe could have lived for 64 years without his name and surname ever being given anywhere not even in his printed works in their full and proper form Besides Jarnovic several variations in the rendition of his surname also occur Jarnowick Jarnovick Jarnovichi Jarnowicz Garnovik Giarnovicki Giernovichi Giornivichi It seems likely that shifts in the spelling and pronunciation of his name occurred according to the country in which he was living or performing or publishing his works at any given time At least one source does exist which indicates his first and last names namely a register entry recording the baptism of Jarnovic s daughter Sophia in London in 1795 The same document throws light on yet another area of uncertainty that of Jarnovic s family Whereas little was previously known of the fate of his daughters Mimi and Sofie something of their lives and subsequent history is now on record 6 Debut in Paris 1773 editJarnovic made a sensational debut in Paris at a Concert Spirituel on 25 March 1773 and appeared in three successive concerts in which he was billed as the fameux violoniste He was for some years all the rage in that capital The Mercure de France described his playing as brilliant finished and mannered at the same time that it was sensitive and animated he was celebre for the beau fini and l elegance et l expression of his playing There is reference to at least five concert performances in 1775 five in 1776 and one in 1777 in addition to private concerts in many Parisian salons In December 1775 he had amazed his audience and seemed to surpass himself in his new violin concerto and in the little airs varies that he played following it 7 The Mercure de France later described the Polish violinist Felix Janiewicz as his student on the latter s appearance at a Concert Spirituel Positions held in Prussia and Russia and extensive travels across Europe editIn addition to other appointments he appeared from 1779 to 1783 in the service of the Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia On 14 May 1783 he was granted a three year contract in St Petersburg in the service of Catherine II Empress of Russia Hereafter he returned westwards performing among other places in Vienna and Paris He resided in England from 1790 to 1796 and there met with much success Principally he performed in London but also in Bath Edinburgh and in Dublin before returning to the concert platforms of Europe performing in Hamburg Berlin and elsewhere in Germany between 1797 and 1802 A correspondent for the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung reported that since my last letter there have been three concerts here of very diverse nature The first and indisputably one of the most superior ones of the entire winter was given on March 21 by Herr Giornowich one admires in the two violin concertos composed by him the beauty and novelty of the ideas just as much as the dexterity power and extraordinary subtlety in the playing 8 9 Towards the end of 1802 he travelled to St Petersburg where he lived the two remaining years of his life Works editJarnovic composed about 50 chamber instrumental pieces 22 violin concertos 17 preserved and is known for having introduced the romanza as a slow movement into the structure of the violin concerto The violin concertos and other works have been studied in detail by Vjera Katalinic 10 The hymn tune ST ASAPH is attributed to Jarnovic usually under the surname Giornivichi 11 It was published in Robert Smith s Sacred Music in Edinburgh in 1825 and may be an arrangement of a work of Jarnovic made at that time 12 Pupils and influence editWhile in England one of Jarnovic s several pupils was the young Mulatto prodigy George Bridgetower for whom Beethoven subsequently composed the Kreutzer Sonata Jarnovic s influence in terms of musical forms and performance is discussed by Katalinic 13 and Milligan 14 Fictional depictions of his life editJarnovic s life is fancifully described in a novel Jarnovic by G Desnoisterres pub le Brisoys Paris 1844 and in a collection Scenes de la vie d artiste by P Smith Une lecon de Jarnovic pub Paris 1844 Bicentennial in St Petersburg editA bicentennial seminar and concert in honour of Jarnovic was convened and hosted by the St Petersburg Union of Composers on 23 24 November 2004 Participants included Professor Vladimir Gurevich and other local musicologists and performers together with Jarnovic specialists Vjera Katalinic 15 and Stanislav Tuksar from Zagreb and by a descendant of one of Jarnovic s daughters who travelled from Kimberley in South Africa 16 See also editList of notable RagusansReferences edit Katalinic Vjera 2006 Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovica Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18 stoljecu Zagreb Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo Katalinic Vjera 2006 Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovica Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18 stoljecu Zagreb Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo Katalinic Vjera 2006 Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovica Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18 stoljecu Zagreb Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo Tuksar S 1980 The question of Jarnovic s identity archive work in progress In Tuksar S ed Ivan Mane Jarnovic a Croatian composer II Zagreb 1980 pp 119 130 Tuksar S 1980 The question of Jarnovic s identity archive work in progress In Tuksar S ed Ivan Mane Jarnovic a Croatian composer II Zagreb 1980 pp 119 130 Morris D 2004 The daughters of Jarnovic a preliminary note Arti Musices Zagreb 35 31 45 Details and contemporary citations in Nunamaker Norman Kirt 1968 The virtuoso violin concerto before Paganini the concertos of Lolli Giornovichi and Woldemar PhD thesis Indiana University Cited by Nunamaker Norman Kirt 1968 The virtuoso violin concerto before Paganini the concertos of Lolli Giornovichi and Woldemar PhD thesis Indiana University Milligan Thomas B 1983 The concerto and London s musical culture in the late eighteenth century Ann Arbor UMI Research Press Katalinic Vjera 2006 Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovica Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18 stoljecu Zagreb Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo Tune ST ASAPH Giornovichi Hymnary org Retrieved 2021 11 22 Smith Robert Archibald 1825 Sacred Music consisting of the Tunes Sanctusses Doxologies Thanksgivings amp c sung in St George s Church Edinburgh Edited by R A Smith R Purdie Katalinic Vjera 2006 Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovica Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18 stoljecu Zagreb Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo Milligan Thomas B 1983 The concerto and London s musical culture in the late eighteenth century Ann Arbor UMI Research Press Katalinic Vjera 2006 Violonski koncerti Ivana Jarnovica Glazbeni aspekt i drustveni kontekst njihova uspjeha u 18 stoljecu Zagreb Hrvatsko Muzikolosko Drustvo Ivan Jarnovic Giornovichi Bicentenary Account of a journey to St Petersburg November 2004External links editIVAN MANE JARNOVIC Biography Movies with Kresimir Marmilic on YouTube Ivan Jarnovic Bicentenary Account of a journey to St Petersburg November 2004 The daughters of Jarnovic Free scores by Ivan Mane Jarnovic at the International Music Score Library Project IMSLP Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ivan Mane Jarnovic amp oldid 1216770776, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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