The Yudjá or Juruna are an Indigenous people of Brazil. They were formerly the major tribe along the Xingu River, but are now divided into two groups, a westernized northern group near Altamira, Para near the big bend of the Xingu and a more conservative group in the Xingu Indigenous Park at the headwaters of the Xingu in Mato Grosso. The southern group lives in two villages located near the mouth of the Maritsauá-Mitau River. They fish and raise crops, such as manioc.[2]
"Yudjá" is what they call themselves and now the standard name. "Juruna" is an exonym, apparently from Lingua Geral meaning ‘black mouth’ from a kind of face paint or tattoo they formerly used. “Juruna” (Yuruna languages) is also the name of a language group.
Other spellings are Iuruna, Jaruna, Yudya, Yurúna, Juruna, Yuruna, Juruhuna, Jurûna, and Geruna.
CultureEdit
Yudjá makes carinated pots with zoomorphic figures on the rims. The pots are similar to the cambuchi caguaba of the Tupi people.[4]
They were once the major tribe along the Xingu. They encountered the Portuguese some time after 1615 and by about 1750 they had abandoned the lower Xingu. In 1686 they defeated the Portuguese and their Kuruaya allies During the rubber boom a group fled from near the town of São Félix do Xingu south to Mato Grosso. Later they worked for another rubber baron, crewing boats downriver to Altamira. When, in 1916, 22 of these men died they fled further south to what is now the Xingu Indigenous Park. Here they fought the Kamayurá and Suyá and were conquered by the Suya until the Suya were themselves defeated by a Portuguese rubber baron from downstream.
In 1989 only one member of the northern group was able to communicate in Juruna.
^"Yudjá: Introduction." Instituto Socioambiental: Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Retrieved 26 March 2012
^ abc"Jurúna." Ethnologue. 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
^"Yudjá: Cosmology e Shamanism." Instituto Socioambiental: Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Retrieved 26 March 2012
^Bonomo, Mariano; Archila, Sonia (2021). South American Contributions to World Archaeology. p. 389. ISBN9783030739980.
^ 1500 from Hemming, Red Gold,1995, p516, others from Os Povos web site. Later figures may exclude the Altamira group and there has been mixture with other tribes.
yudjá, juruna, indigenous, people, brazil, they, were, formerly, major, tribe, along, xingu, river, divided, into, groups, westernized, northern, group, near, altamira, para, near, bend, xingu, more, conservative, group, xingu, indigenous, park, headwaters, xi. The Yudja or Juruna are an Indigenous people of Brazil They were formerly the major tribe along the Xingu River but are now divided into two groups a westernized northern group near Altamira Para near the big bend of the Xingu and a more conservative group in the Xingu Indigenous Park at the headwaters of the Xingu in Mato Grosso The southern group lives in two villages located near the mouth of the Maritsaua Mitau River They fish and raise crops such as manioc 2 YudjaTotal population348 2010 1 Regions with significant populations Brazil Mato Grosso LanguagesYudja Portuguese 2 Religiontraditional tribal religion 3 Contents 1 Name 2 Culture 3 Population and history 4 Language 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksName Edit Yudja is what they call themselves and now the standard name Juruna is an exonym apparently from Lingua Geral meaning black mouth from a kind of face paint or tattoo they formerly used Juruna Yuruna languages is also the name of a language group Other spellings are Iuruna Jaruna Yudya Yuruna Juruna Yuruna Juruhuna Juruna and Geruna Culture EditYudja makes carinated pots with zoomorphic figures on the rims The pots are similar to the cambuchi caguaba of the Tupi people 4 Population and history EditPopulation estimates are 1500 7 000 1842 2 000 1884 200 1896 150 1916 52 1950 37 2001 278 5 They were once the major tribe along the Xingu They encountered the Portuguese some time after 1615 and by about 1750 they had abandoned the lower Xingu In 1686 they defeated the Portuguese and their Kuruaya allies During the rubber boom a group fled from near the town of Sao Felix do Xingu south to Mato Grosso Later they worked for another rubber baron crewing boats downriver to Altamira When in 1916 22 of these men died they fled further south to what is now the Xingu Indigenous Park Here they fought the Kamayura and Suya and were conquered by the Suya until the Suya were themselves defeated by a Portuguese rubber baron from downstream In 1989 only one member of the northern group was able to communicate in Juruna Language EditThe Yudja or Juruna language belongs to the Yuruna language family one of the Tupian languages 2 See also EditIndigenous peoples in Brazil List of indigenous peoples in BrazilReferences Edit Yudja Introduction Instituto Socioambiental Povos Indigenas no Brasil Retrieved 26 March 2012 a b c Juruna Ethnologue 2009 Retrieved 26 March 2012 Yudja Cosmology e Shamanism Instituto Socioambiental Povos Indigenas no Brasil Retrieved 26 March 2012 Bonomo Mariano Archila Sonia 2021 South American Contributions to World Archaeology p 389 ISBN 9783030739980 1500 from Hemming Red Gold 1995 p516 others from Os Povos web site Later figures may exclude the Altamira group and there has been mixture with other tribes External links EditJuruna artwork National Museum of the American Indian https pib socioambiental org en Povo Yudja Juruna English version This article related to an ethnic group in Brazil is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yudja amp oldid 1127678549, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
