In older literature, the common non-systematic name amyl was often used for the pentyl group. Conversely, the name pentyl was used for several five-carbon branched alkyl groups, distinguished by various prefixes. The nomenclature has now reversed, with "amyl" being more often used to refer to the terminally branched group also called isopentyl, as in amobarbital.
A cyclopentyl group is a ring with the formula -C5H9.
The name is also used for the pentyl radical, a pentyl group as an isolated molecule. This free radical is only observed in extreme conditions.[1] Its formula is often written "C 5H 11•" or "• C 5H 11" to indicate that it has one unsatisfied valence bond. Radicals like pentyl are reactive, they react with neighboring atoms or molecules (like oxygen, water, etc.)
The free radical pentyl was studied by J. Pacansky and A. Gutierrez in 1983.[1] The radical was obtained by exposing bishexanoyl peroxide trapped in frozen argon to ultraviolet light, that caused its decomposition into two carbon dioxide (CO 2) molecules and two pentyl radicals.
^ abJ. Pacansky , A. Gutierrez (1983), "Infrared spectra of the n-butyl and n-pentyl radicals". Journal of Physical Chemistry volume 87, issue 16, pages 3074–3079doi:10.1021/j100239a023
^n-pentyl nitrite, described as "a nitrite ester having n-pentyl as the alkyl group." Accessed on 2013-02-21
^Pentobarbital at CHEBI, described as "Barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups". Accessed on 2013-02-21
^Pentan-3-yl group at CHEBI. Accessed on 2013-02-21
January 01, 1970
pentyl, group, pentyl, five, carbon, alkyl, group, substituent, with, chemical, formula, c5h11, substituent, form, alkane, pentane, identifiers, number, 2672, model, jsmol, interactive, image, chemspider, 109782, pubchem, 123167, inchi, inchi, c5h11, ykey, bfk. Pentyl is a five carbon alkyl group or substituent with chemical formula C5H11 It is the substituent form of the alkane pentane Pentyl group Identifiers CAS Number 2672 01 7 3D model JSmol Interactive image ChemSpider 109782 Y PubChem CID 123167 InChI InChI 1S C5H11 c1 3 5 4 2 h1 3 5H2 2H3 YKey BFKVXNPJXXJUGQ UHFFFAOYSA N Y SMILES CH2 CCCC Properties Chemical formula C5H11 Molar mass 71 1408 g mol Except where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa Infobox references In older literature the common non systematic name amyl was often used for the pentyl group Conversely the name pentyl was used for several five carbon branched alkyl groups distinguished by various prefixes The nomenclature has now reversed with amyl being more often used to refer to the terminally branched group also called isopentyl as in amobarbital A cyclopentyl group is a ring with the formula C5H9 The name is also used for the pentyl radical a pentyl group as an isolated molecule This free radical is only observed in extreme conditions 1 Its formula is often written C5 H11 or C5 H11 to indicate that it has one unsatisfied valence bond Radicals like pentyl are reactive they react with neighboring atoms or molecules like oxygen water etc Contents 1 Older pentyl groups 2 Pentyl radical 3 Examples 4 ReferencesOlder pentyl groups editThe following names are still used sometimes Name Structure IUPAC status IUPAC recomm Examples n pentyl amyl H3 C CH2 4 pentyl 2 tert pentyl H3 C CH2 H3 C 2 C No longer recommended 3 2 methylbutan 2 yl aka 1 1 dimethylpropyl 3 4 neopentyl H3 C 3 C CH2 No longer recommended 3 2 2 dimethylpropyl 3 5 isopentyl amyl isoamyl H3 C 2 CH CH2 2 No longer recommended 3 3 methylbutyl 3 6 sec pentyl H3 C CH2 2 H3 C CH pentan 2 yl 7 or 1 methylbutyl 8 3 pentyl H3 C CH2 2 CH pentan 3 yl also known as 1 ethylpropyl 9 sec isopentyl H3 C 2 CH H3 C CH 3 methylbutan 2 yl or 1 2 dimethylpropyl active pentyl H3 C CH2 H3 C CH CH2 2 methylbutylPentyl radical editThe free radical pentyl was studied by J Pacansky and A Gutierrez in 1983 1 The radical was obtained by exposing bishexanoyl peroxide trapped in frozen argon to ultraviolet light that caused its decomposition into two carbon dioxide CO2 molecules and two pentyl radicals Examples editPentanol Pentyl pentanoate Amylamine Amyl acetate Amyl alcohol Amylmetacresol Isoamyl acetate Isoamyl alcoholReferences edit a b J Pacansky A Gutierrez 1983 Infrared spectra of the n butyl and n pentyl radicals Journal of Physical Chemistry volume 87 issue 16 pages 3074 3079doi 10 1021 j100239a023 n pentyl nitrite described as a nitrite ester having n pentyl as the alkyl group Accessed on 2013 02 21 a b c d e f Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 Blue Book Cambridge The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 p 607 doi 10 1039 9781849733069 FP001 ISBN 978 0 85404 182 4 NCBI tert pentyl alcohol in PubChem Accessed on 2013 02 21 neopentyl at CHEBI Accessed on 2013 02 21 isopentyl group at CHEBI Accessed on 2013 02 21 Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 Blue Book Cambridge The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 p 362 doi 10 1039 9781849733069 FP001 ISBN 978 0 85404 182 4 Pentobarbital at CHEBI described as Barbituric acid substituted at C 5 by ethyl and sec pentyl groups Accessed on 2013 02 21 Pentan 3 yl group at CHEBI Accessed on 2013 02 21 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pentyl group amp oldid 1221938284, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
