This species is endemic to the Tennessee River and its larger tributaries, but it has been largely extirpated due to pollution and the construction of dams.
Habitatedit
These snails live in rapidly flowing, well-oxygenated waters of shoals and riffles of rivers, but not in slack water below shoals. The preferred water depth for this species is up to 1.5 m.
Behavioredit
These snails feed on the algal coating on rocks. Females lay between 20-100 eggs, which begin to hatch after 15 days.
Descriptionedit
The shell morphology is very variable, with some individuals totally lacking spines. For this reason it was formerly thought that many species existed within this genus.
Human relevanceedit
The shells are found abundantly in shell middens along the rivers within its range, indicating they were exploited as a food source by Native American cultures. Additionally, this snail has served as the emblem for the American Malacological Society since 1960.[4]
Referencesedit
^Bogan, A.E.; Seddon, M.B.; et al. (Mollusc Specialist Group) (1996). "Io fluvialis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T10838A3221607. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10838A3221607.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
^Lea I. (1831). Trans. Amer. phil. Soc. (N.S.) 4(1): 122.
^Holznagel E. W. & Lydeard Ch. (2000). "A Molecular Phylogeny of North American Pleuroceridae (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea) Based on Mitochondrial 16S rDNA Sequences". Journal of Molluscan Studies66(2): 233-257. doi:10.1093/mollus/66.2.233,
spiny, river, snail, spiny, river, snail, scientific, name, fluvialis, species, freshwater, snail, aquatic, mollusk, family, pleuroceridae, this, only, species, genus, this, species, endemic, live, individual, fluvialisa, live, individual, fluvialisconservatio. The spiny river snail scientific name Io fluvialis is a species of freshwater snail an aquatic mollusk in the family Pleuroceridae This is the only species in the genus Io 3 This species is endemic to the USA Spiny river snailA live individual of Io fluvialisA live individual of Io fluvialisConservation statusEndangered IUCN 2 3 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum MolluscaClass GastropodaSubclass CaenogastropodaSuperfamily CerithioideaFamily PleuroceridaeGenus IoLea 1831 2 Species I fluvialisBinomial nameIo fluvialis Say 1825 Contents 1 Ecology 1 1 Distribution 1 2 Habitat 1 3 Behavior 2 Description 3 Human relevance 4 ReferencesEcology editDistribution edit This species is endemic to the Tennessee River and its larger tributaries but it has been largely extirpated due to pollution and the construction of dams Habitat edit These snails live in rapidly flowing well oxygenated waters of shoals and riffles of rivers but not in slack water below shoals The preferred water depth for this species is up to 1 5 m Behavior edit These snails feed on the algal coating on rocks Females lay between 20 100 eggs which begin to hatch after 15 days Description editThe shell morphology is very variable with some individuals totally lacking spines For this reason it was formerly thought that many species existed within this genus Human relevance editThe shells are found abundantly in shell middens along the rivers within its range indicating they were exploited as a food source by Native American cultures Additionally this snail has served as the emblem for the American Malacological Society since 1960 4 References edit Bogan A E Seddon M B et al Mollusc Specialist Group 1996 Io fluvialis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996 e T10838A3221607 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 1996 RLTS T10838A3221607 en Retrieved 15 November 2021 Lea I 1831 Trans Amer phil Soc N S 4 1 122 Holznagel E W amp Lydeard Ch 2000 A Molecular Phylogeny of North American Pleuroceridae Gastropoda Cerithioidea Based on Mitochondrial 16S rDNA Sequences Journal of Molluscan Studies 66 2 233 257 doi 10 1093 mollus 66 2 233 abstract 1 dead link nbsp This Pleuroceridae related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Spiny river snail amp oldid 1182880422, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
