Integrated care, also known as integrated health, coordinated care, comprehensive care, seamless care, interprofessional care or transmural care, is a worldwide trend in health care reforms and new organizational arrangements focusing on more coordinated and integrated forms of care provision. Integrated care may be seen as a response to the fragmented delivery of health and social services being an acknowledged problem in many health systems.[1][2][3] This model of care is working towards moving away from a siloed and referral-based format of care to a team-based model.
The integrated care literature distinguishes between different ways and degrees of working together and three central terms in this respect are autonomy, co-ordination, and integration. While autonomy refers to the one end of a continuum with least co-operation, integration (the combination of parts into a working whole by overlapping services) refers to the end with most co-operation and co-ordination (the relation of parts) to a point in between.[2]
Distinction is also made between horizontal integration (linking similar levels of care like multiprofessional teams) and vertical integration (linking different levels of care like primary, secondary, and tertiary care).[2]
Continuity of care is closely related to integrated care and emphasizes the patient's perspective through the system of health and social services, providing valuable lessons for the integration of systems. Continuity of care is often subdivided into three components:
continuity of information (by shared records),
continuity across the secondary-primary care interface (discharge planning from specialist to generalist care), and
provider continuity (seeing the same professional each time, with value added if there is a therapeutic, trusting relationship).[2]
Integrated care seems particularly important to service provision to the elderly, as elderly patients often become chronically ill and subject to co-morbidities and so have a special need of continuous care.[3]
The NHS Long Term Plan, and many other documents advocating integration, claim that it will produce reductions in costs or emergency admissions to hospital but there is no convincing evidence to support this.[4]
Collaborative careedit
Collaborative care is a related healthcare philosophy and movement that has many names, models, and definitions that often includes the provision of mental-health, behavioral-health and substance-use services in primary care. Common derivatives of the name collaborative care include integrated care, primary care behavioral health, integrated primary care, and shared care.
Focus on treating the whole person and whole family.
There are various national associations committed to collaborative care such as the Collaborative Family Healthcare Association.
Contrast to merging rolesedit
The proper integrating of care does not mean the merging of roles. It remains uneconomical to make a physician serve as a nurse. Besides, the opposite approach is strictly prohibited by accreditation and certification schemes. The mix of staff for the various roles is maintained to enable a profitable integration in caring.
Essential for the implementation of the integrated care programme is a framework that guides the process. In Ireland, the Health Service Executive (HSE) is implementing an integrated care programme according to a 10-Step Framework. This Framework is created along the recommendation of the .[8]
^Kodner, DL & Spreeuwenberg, C (2002): Integrated care: meaning, logic, applications, and implications – a discussion paper. International Journal of Integrated Care 2014-02-01 at the Wayback Machine, Vol. 2, 14. Nov. 2002
^ abcdGröne, O & Garcia-Barbero, M (2002): Trends in Integrated Care – Reflections on Conceptual Issues. World Health Organization, Copenhagen, 2002, EUR/02/5037864
^ abKai Leichsenring (September 2004). "Developing integrated health and social care services for older persons in Europe". International Journal of Integrated Care. 4 (3): e10. doi:10.5334/ijic.107. PMC1393267. PMID 16773149.
^Georghiou, Theo (31 January 2019). "Little evidence that integrated care initiatives deliver". Health Service Journal. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
^Butler M, Kane RL, McAlpine D, Kathol, RG, Fu SS, Hagedorn H, Wilt TJ. Integration of Mental Health/Substance Abuse and Primary Care No. 173 (Prepared by the Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-02-0009.) AHRQ Publication No. 09-E003. Rockville, MD. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. October 2008.
^Amal N. Trivedi & Regina C. Grebla (June 2011). "Quality and equity of care in the Veterans Affairs health-care system and in Medicare Advantage health plans". Medical Care. 49 (6): 560–568. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e31820fb0f6. PMID 21422951. S2CID 23926259.
^Lawrence, David (2005). Building a Better Delivery System: A New Engineering/Health Care Partnership — Bridging the Quality Chasm(PDF). Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences. p. 99. ISBN0-309-65406-8.
^Edwards, Elaine (2017). "Health Service Executive paid consulting firm €2.2m in 2016". The Irish Times.
January 01, 1970
integrated, care, been, suggested, that, collaborative, care, merged, into, this, article, discuss, proposed, since, march, 2024, also, known, integrated, health, coordinated, care, comprehensive, care, seamless, care, interprofessional, care, transmural, care. It has been suggested that Collaborative Care be merged into this article Discuss Proposed since March 2024 Integrated care also known as integrated health coordinated care comprehensive care seamless care interprofessional care or transmural care is a worldwide trend in health care reforms and new organizational arrangements focusing on more coordinated and integrated forms of care provision Integrated care may be seen as a response to the fragmented delivery of health and social services being an acknowledged problem in many health systems 1 2 3 This model of care is working towards moving away from a siloed and referral based format of care to a team based model Contents 1 Central concepts 2 Collaborative care 2 1 Contrast to merging roles 3 Examples 4 See also 5 ReferencesCentral concepts editThe integrated care literature distinguishes between different ways and degrees of working together and three central terms in this respect are autonomy co ordination and integration While autonomy refers to the one end of a continuum with least co operation integration the combination of parts into a working whole by overlapping services refers to the end with most co operation and co ordination the relation of parts to a point in between 2 Distinction is also made between horizontal integration linking similar levels of care like multiprofessional teams and vertical integration linking different levels of care like primary secondary and tertiary care 2 Continuity of care is closely related to integrated care and emphasizes the patient s perspective through the system of health and social services providing valuable lessons for the integration of systems Continuity of care is often subdivided into three components continuity of information by shared records continuity across the secondary primary care interface discharge planning from specialist to generalist care and provider continuity seeing the same professional each time with value added if there is a therapeutic trusting relationship 2 Integrated care seems particularly important to service provision to the elderly as elderly patients often become chronically ill and subject to co morbidities and so have a special need of continuous care 3 The NHS Long Term Plan and many other documents advocating integration claim that it will produce reductions in costs or emergency admissions to hospital but there is no convincing evidence to support this 4 Collaborative care editCollaborative care is a related healthcare philosophy and movement that has many names models and definitions that often includes the provision of mental health behavioral health and substance use services in primary care Common derivatives of the name collaborative care include integrated care primary care behavioral health integrated primary care and shared care The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality AHRQ published an overview of many different models as well as research that supports them 5 These are the key features of collaborative care models Integration of mental health professionals in primary care medical settings Close collaboration between mental health and medical nursing providers Focus on treating the whole person and whole family There are various national associations committed to collaborative care such as the Collaborative Family Healthcare Association Contrast to merging roles edit The proper integrating of care does not mean the merging of roles It remains uneconomical to make a physician serve as a nurse Besides the opposite approach is strictly prohibited by accreditation and certification schemes The mix of staff for the various roles is maintained to enable a profitable integration in caring Examples editThe United States Department of Veterans Affairs is the largest integrated care delivery system in the US 6 Kaiser Permanente and the Mayo Clinic are the two largest private systems in the US 7 Essential for the implementation of the integrated care programme is a framework that guides the process In Ireland the Health Service Executive HSE is implementing an integrated care programme according to a 10 Step Framework This Framework is created along the recommendation of the WHO 8 See also editCase management disambiguation Shared care Team nursing Integrated care systemReferences edit Kodner DL amp Spreeuwenberg C 2002 Integrated care meaning logic applications and implications a discussion paper International Journal of Integrated CareArchived 2014 02 01 at the Wayback Machine Vol 2 14 Nov 2002 a b c d Grone O amp Garcia Barbero M 2002 Trends in Integrated Care Reflections on Conceptual Issues World Health Organization Copenhagen 2002 EUR 02 5037864 a b Kai Leichsenring September 2004 Developing integrated health and social care services for older persons in Europe International Journal of Integrated Care 4 3 e10 doi 10 5334 ijic 107 PMC 1393267 PMID 16773149 Georghiou Theo 31 January 2019 Little evidence that integrated care initiatives deliver Health Service Journal Retrieved 5 March 2019 Butler M Kane RL McAlpine D Kathol RG Fu SS Hagedorn H Wilt TJ Integration of Mental Health Substance Abuse and Primary Care No 173 Prepared by the Minnesota Evidence based Practice Center under Contract No 290 02 0009 AHRQ Publication No 09 E003 Rockville MD Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality October 2008 Amal N Trivedi amp Regina C Grebla June 2011 Quality and equity of care in the Veterans Affairs health care system and in Medicare Advantage health plans Medical Care 49 6 560 568 doi 10 1097 MLR 0b013e31820fb0f6 PMID 21422951 S2CID 23926259 Lawrence David 2005 Building a Better Delivery System A New Engineering Health Care Partnership Bridging the Quality Chasm PDF Washington DC National Academy of Sciences p 99 ISBN 0 309 65406 8 Edwards Elaine 2017 Health Service Executive paid consulting firm 2 2m in 2016 The Irish Times Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Integrated care amp oldid 1214412302, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
