Infrared photodissociation (IRPD) spectroscopy uses infrared radiation to break bonds in, often ionic, molecules (photodissociation), within a mass spectrometer.[1] In combination with post-ionization, this technique can also be used for neutral species. IRPD spectroscopy has been shown to use electron ionization, corona discharge, and electrospray ionization to obtain spectra of volatile and nonvolatile compounds.[2][3] Ionized gases trapped in a mass spectrometer can be studied without the need of a solvent as in infrared spectroscopy.[4]
Scientists began to wonder about the energetic of cluster formation early in the 19th century. Henry Eyring developed the activated-complex theory describing kinetics of reactions.[5] Interest in studying the weak interactions of molecules and ions(e.g. van der Waals) in clusters encouraged gas phase spectroscopy, in 1962 D.H. Rank studied weak interactions in the gas phase using traditional infrared spectroscopy.[6] D.S. Bomse used IRPD with an ICR to study isotopic compounds in 1980 at California Institute of Technology.[7] Spectroscopy for weak bonding clusters was limited by low cluster concentration and the variety of accessible cluster states.[8] Cluster states vary in part due to frequent collisions with other species, to reduce collisions in gas phase IRPD forms clusters in low pressure ion traps (e.g. FT-ICR). Nitrogen and water were one of the first complexes studied with the aid of a mass spectrometer by A. Good at University of Alberta in the 1960s.[9][3]
Instrumentationedit
Photodissociation is used to detect electromagnetic activity of ions, compounds, and clusters when spectroscopy cannot be directly applied. Low concentrations of analyte can be one inhibiting factor to spectroscopy esp. in the gas phase.[4] Mass spectrometers, time-of-flight and ion cyclotron resonance have been used to study hydrated ion clusters.[10] Instruments are able to use ESI to effectively form hydrated ion clusters. Laser ablation and corona discharge have also been used to form ion clusters. Complexes are directed through a mass spectrometer where they are irradiated with infrared light, Nd:YAG laser.[10]
Applicationedit
Infrared photodissociation spectroscopy maintains a powerful capability to study bond energies of coordination complexes. IRPD can measure varying bond energies of compounds, including dative bonds and coordination energies of molecular clusters.[1][3] Structural information about analytes can acquired by using mass selectivity and interpreting fragmentation. The spectroscopic information usually resembles that of linear infrared spectra and can be used to obtain detailed structural information of gas-phase species, in case of metal complexes, insights into ligand coordination, bond activations and successive reactions can be obtained.[11]
Referencesedit
^ abLepetit, Christine; Maraval, Valérie; Canac, Yves; Chauvin, Remi (2016-02-01). "On the nature of the dative bond: Coordination to metals and beyond. The carbon case". Coordination Chemistry Reviews. Perspectives in Coordination Chemistry on the Occasion of the 40th anniversary of the LCC-CNRS, Toulouse, France. 308, Part 2: 59–75. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2015.07.018.
^Oh, Han-Bin; Lin, Cheng; Hwang, Harold Y.; Zhai, Huili; Breuker, Kathrin; Zabrouskov, Vladimir; Carpenter, Barry K.; McLafferty, Fred W. (2005-03-01). "Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of Electrosprayed Ions in a Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometer". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 127 (11): 4076–4083. doi:10.1021/ja040136n. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 15771545.
^ abcNiedner-Schatteburg, Gereon; Bondybey, Vladimir E. (2000). "FT-ICR Studies of Solvation Effects in Ionic Water Cluster Reactions". Chemical Reviews. 100 (11): 4059–4086. doi:10.1021/cr990065o. PMID 11749340.
^ abWalker, Nicholas R.; Walters, Richard S.; Duncan, Michael A. (2005-11-22). "Frontiers in the infrared spectroscopy of gas phase metal ion complexes". New Journal of Chemistry. 29 (12): 1495. doi:10.1039/B510678H. ISSN 1369-9261.
^McQuarrie, Donald (1997). Physical Chemistry : a molecular approach. Sausalito, CA: University Science Books. p. 1165. ISBN978-0935702996.
^Rank, D. H. (1962-12-01). "Absorption Spectra of Hydrogen‐Halide—Rare Gas Mixtures". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 37 (11): 2511–2515. Bibcode:1962JChPh..37.2511R. doi:10.1063/1.1733048. ISSN 0021-9606.
^Bomse, D.S. (January 1981). "Infrared photochemistry of (CH3)2Cl+, (CH3)Cl+ (CD3) and (CD3)2Cl+ in the gas phase using low-intensity cw laser radiation". Chemical Physics Letters. 77 (1): 25–29. Bibcode:1981CPL....77...25B. doi:10.1016/0009-2614(81)85592-3.
^Miller, R. E. (1986-07-01). "Infrared laser photodissociation and spectroscopy of van der Waals molecules". The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 90 (15): 3301–3313. doi:10.1021/j100406a003. ISSN 0022-3654.
^Good, A.; Durden, D. A.; Kebarle, P. (1970). "Ion–Molecule Reactions in Pure Nitrogen and Nitrogen Containing Traces of Water at Total Pressures 0.5–4 torr. Kinetics of Clustering Reactions Forming H+(H2O)n". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 52 (1): 212–221. Bibcode:1970JChPh..52..212G. doi:10.1063/1.1672667.
^ abMetz, Ricardo B. (2004-07-01). "Optical spectroscopy and photodissociation dynamics of multiply charged ions". International Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 235 (2): 131–143. Bibcode:2004IJMSp.235..131M. doi:10.1016/j.ijms.2004.04.009.
^Fielicke, André (2023). "Probing the binding and activation of small molecules by gas-phase transition metal clusters via IR spectroscopy". Chemical Society Reviews. 52 (11): 3778–3841. doi:10.1039/D2CS00104G. ISSN 0306-0012.
April 12, 2024
infrared, photodissociation, spectroscopy, infrared, photodissociation, irpd, spectroscopy, uses, infrared, radiation, break, bonds, often, ionic, molecules, photodissociation, within, mass, spectrometer, combination, with, post, ionization, this, technique, a. Infrared photodissociation IRPD spectroscopy uses infrared radiation to break bonds in often ionic molecules photodissociation within a mass spectrometer 1 In combination with post ionization this technique can also be used for neutral species IRPD spectroscopy has been shown to use electron ionization corona discharge and electrospray ionization to obtain spectra of volatile and nonvolatile compounds 2 3 Ionized gases trapped in a mass spectrometer can be studied without the need of a solvent as in infrared spectroscopy 4 Infrared photodissociation mass spectrometryFT ICR systemAcronymIRPDClassificationInfrared SpectroscopyMass spectrometryAnalytesion clustersorganic moleculesbiomoleculesOther techniquesRelatedSpectroscopySchematic diagram of infrared photodissociation spectrometerContents 1 History 2 Instrumentation 3 Application 4 ReferencesHistory editScientists began to wonder about the energetic of cluster formation early in the 19th century Henry Eyring developed the activated complex theory describing kinetics of reactions 5 Interest in studying the weak interactions of molecules and ions e g van der Waals in clusters encouraged gas phase spectroscopy in 1962 D H Rank studied weak interactions in the gas phase using traditional infrared spectroscopy 6 D S Bomse used IRPD with an ICR to study isotopic compounds in 1980 at California Institute of Technology 7 Spectroscopy for weak bonding clusters was limited by low cluster concentration and the variety of accessible cluster states 8 Cluster states vary in part due to frequent collisions with other species to reduce collisions in gas phase IRPD forms clusters in low pressure ion traps e g FT ICR Nitrogen and water were one of the first complexes studied with the aid of a mass spectrometer by A Good at University of Alberta in the 1960s 9 3 Instrumentation editPhotodissociation is used to detect electromagnetic activity of ions compounds and clusters when spectroscopy cannot be directly applied Low concentrations of analyte can be one inhibiting factor to spectroscopy esp in the gas phase 4 Mass spectrometers time of flight and ion cyclotron resonance have been used to study hydrated ion clusters 10 Instruments are able to use ESI to effectively form hydrated ion clusters Laser ablation and corona discharge have also been used to form ion clusters Complexes are directed through a mass spectrometer where they are irradiated with infrared light Nd YAG laser 10 Application editInfrared photodissociation spectroscopy maintains a powerful capability to study bond energies of coordination complexes IRPD can measure varying bond energies of compounds including dative bonds and coordination energies of molecular clusters 1 3 Structural information about analytes can acquired by using mass selectivity and interpreting fragmentation The spectroscopic information usually resembles that of linear infrared spectra and can be used to obtain detailed structural information of gas phase species in case of metal complexes insights into ligand coordination bond activations and successive reactions can be obtained 11 nbsp References edit a b Lepetit Christine Maraval Valerie Canac Yves Chauvin Remi 2016 02 01 On the nature of the dative bond Coordination to metals and beyond The carbon case Coordination Chemistry Reviews Perspectives in Coordination Chemistry on the Occasion of the 40th anniversary of the LCC CNRS Toulouse France 308 Part 2 59 75 doi 10 1016 j ccr 2015 07 018 Oh Han Bin Lin Cheng Hwang Harold Y Zhai Huili Breuker Kathrin Zabrouskov Vladimir Carpenter Barry K McLafferty Fred W 2005 03 01 Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of Electrosprayed Ions in a Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometer Journal of the American Chemical Society 127 11 4076 4083 doi 10 1021 ja040136n ISSN 0002 7863 PMID 15771545 a b c Niedner Schatteburg Gereon Bondybey Vladimir E 2000 FT ICR Studies of Solvation Effects in Ionic Water Cluster Reactions Chemical Reviews 100 11 4059 4086 doi 10 1021 cr990065o PMID 11749340 a b Walker Nicholas R Walters Richard S Duncan Michael A 2005 11 22 Frontiers in the infrared spectroscopy of gas phase metal ion complexes New Journal of Chemistry 29 12 1495 doi 10 1039 B510678H ISSN 1369 9261 McQuarrie Donald 1997 Physical Chemistry a molecular approach Sausalito CA University Science Books p 1165 ISBN 978 0935702996 Rank D H 1962 12 01 Absorption Spectra of Hydrogen Halide Rare Gas Mixtures The Journal of Chemical Physics 37 11 2511 2515 Bibcode 1962JChPh 37 2511R doi 10 1063 1 1733048 ISSN 0021 9606 Bomse D S January 1981 Infrared photochemistry of CH3 2Cl CH3 Cl CD3 and CD3 2Cl in the gas phase using low intensity cw laser radiation Chemical Physics Letters 77 1 25 29 Bibcode 1981CPL 77 25B doi 10 1016 0009 2614 81 85592 3 Miller R E 1986 07 01 Infrared laser photodissociation and spectroscopy of van der Waals molecules The Journal of Physical Chemistry 90 15 3301 3313 doi 10 1021 j100406a003 ISSN 0022 3654 Good A Durden D A Kebarle P 1970 Ion Molecule Reactions in Pure Nitrogen and Nitrogen Containing Traces of Water at Total Pressures 0 5 4 torr Kinetics of Clustering Reactions Forming H H2O n The Journal of Chemical Physics 52 1 212 221 Bibcode 1970JChPh 52 212G doi 10 1063 1 1672667 a b Metz Ricardo B 2004 07 01 Optical spectroscopy and photodissociation dynamics of multiply charged ions International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 235 2 131 143 Bibcode 2004IJMSp 235 131M doi 10 1016 j ijms 2004 04 009 Fielicke Andre 2023 Probing the binding and activation of small molecules by gas phase transition metal clusters via IR spectroscopy Chemical Society Reviews 52 11 3778 3841 doi 10 1039 D2CS00104G ISSN 0306 0012 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Infrared photodissociation spectroscopy amp oldid 1186585402, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
