The Indomito class was a class of destroyers of the Italian Royal Navy (Italian: Règia Marina) before and during World War I. Six were built at Naples by Societa Pattison between 1910 and 1913. They were the first large Italian destroyers and the first fitted with steam turbines. The class is sometimes also called the I class. Two of the class were sunk during World War I, but the four surviving ships remained in service until 1937–38. One of the class, Insidioso, was reinstated during World War II and served in the Règia Marina and the German Kriegsmarine before being sunk by U.S. aircraft in late 1944.
The Indomito class was designed by Luigi Scaglia of Societa Pattison of Naples. The boats were the first large destroyers of the Règia Marina and the first fitted with steam turbines. The Indomito class were the first in the progression of Italian destroyers to be called either tre pipe or tre canne for their three funnels.[1][Note 1]
The ships were 237 feet 11 inches (72.52 m) at the waterline (239 feet 6 inches (73.00 m) overall) with a beam of 24 feet (7.3 m) and a draft of 7 feet 11 inches (2.41 m). They had twin shafts driven by two Tosi steam turbines that were fired by four Thornycroftboilers. The drivetrain was designed for a power output of 16,000 horsepower (12,000 kW) to move the ships at 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph), but had a maximum output of 17,620 shaft horsepower (13,140 kW) which propelled the ships at 35.79 knots (66.28 km/h).[1]
As built, the ships were armed with one 4.7 in (120 mm)/40 gun, four 3 in (76 mm)/40 guns, and two 17.7 in (450 mm) torpedo tubes. In 1914 they were augmented with an additional two torpedo tubes. During World War I, guide rails for laying up to ten mines were added to the ships. Later wartime changes replaced all the guns with five 4 in (100 mm)/35 and a single 40 mm (1.6 in)/39 AA gun. Oil capacity was also increased during the war from 100 metric tons (110 short tons) to 128 metric tons (141 short tons) in order to increase endurance, but the increased weight had the opposite effect: slowing the ships and reduced their endurance.[1]
Service career
Regia Marina destroyer Impetuoso
All of the Indomito class saw action during World War I, with two of the ships, Impetuoso and Intrepido, sunk during the war. The remaining four ships all survived the war and were reclassified as torpedo boats in 1929. The remaining four ships were stricken 1937–38. Insidioso, however, was reinstated on 1 March 1941. Reduced to two funnels and rearmed, she served as a target ship, a convoy escort, and served in an anti-submarine warfare role. She was scuttled by her crew on 10 September 1943 at Pola, but was raised by the Germans who commissioned her as Wildfang on 8 November. Wildfang, the last surviving member of the Indomito class, was sunk by U.S. aircraft on 5 November 1944 after just under one year of German service.[1]
Stricken 18 September 1938. Reinstated as a target ship and convoy escort on 1 March 1941 but scuttled at Pola on 10 September 1943; raised and renamed Wildfang by Germany, but sunk by U.S. aircraft on 5 November 1944
Intrepido
Pattison, Naples
1910
7 August 1912
1913
Sunk 4 December 1915 by a mine from German U-boat UC-14
Irrequieto (IR)
Pattison, Naples
1910
12 December 1912
1913
Stricken 11 October 1937
Notes
^Future destroyers, until the 1921–22 Generali class, were also called tre pipe or tre canne. See: Fraccaroli, p. 268
^"Ardente". Marina Militare. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
^"Ardente". Navi e Capitani. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
^"Ardito". Marina Militare. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
Bibliography
Fraccaroli, Aldo (1985). "Italy". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. pp. 252–290. ISBN978-0-87021-907-8.
External links
Media related to Indomito class destroyer at Wikimedia Commons
Indomito-class destroyer (1910) Marina Militare website
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The Indomito class was a class of destroyers of the Italian Royal Navy Italian Regia Marina before and during World War I Six were built at Naples by Societa Pattison between 1910 and 1913 They were the first large Italian destroyers and the first fitted with steam turbines The class is sometimes also called the I class Two of the class were sunk during World War I but the four surviving ships remained in service until 1937 38 One of the class Insidioso was reinstated during World War II and served in the Regia Marina and the German Kriegsmarine before being sunk by U S aircraft in late 1944 Indomito c 1912 1914Class overviewNameIndomito classBuildersSocieta Pattison NaplesOperators Regia MarinaPreceded bySoldato classSucceeded byArdito classBuilt1910 1913In commission1913 1937Completed6Lost3Retired3General characteristicsTypeDestroyerDisplacement672 770 metric tons 741 849 short tons Length237 ft 11 in 72 52 m wl 1 239 ft 6 in 73 00 m oa Beam24 ft 7 3 m Draft7 ft 11 in 2 41 m Propulsion2 shafts 2 Tosi steam turbines 4 Thornycroft boilers 16 000 hp 12 000 kW designed 17 620 shp 13 140 kW maximumSpeed30 knots 56 km h 35 mph designed 35 79 knots 66 28 km h 41 19 mph maximumEndurance1 200 nmi 2 200 km 1 400 mi at 14 knots 26 km h 16 mph 500 nmi 930 km at 25 kn 46 km h 350 nmi 650 km at 30 kn 56 km h Complement4 5 officers 65 74 sailorsArmamentAs built 1 4 7 in 120 mm gun 4 3 in 76 mm guns 2 17 7 in 450 mm torpedo tubesAfter refit 5 4 in 100 mm guns 1 40 mm 1 6 in AA gun 2 17 7 in 450 mm torpedo tubes Contents 1 Design and construction 2 Service career 2 1 Ships 3 Notes 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 External linksDesign and construction EditThe Indomito class was designed by Luigi Scaglia of Societa Pattison of Naples The boats were the first large destroyers of the Regia Marina and the first fitted with steam turbines The Indomito class were the first in the progression of Italian destroyers to be called either tre pipe or tre canne for their three funnels 1 Note 1 The ships were 237 feet 11 inches 72 52 m at the waterline 239 feet 6 inches 73 00 m overall with a beam of 24 feet 7 3 m and a draft of 7 feet 11 inches 2 41 m They had twin shafts driven by two Tosi steam turbines that were fired by four Thornycroft boilers The drivetrain was designed for a power output of 16 000 horsepower 12 000 kW to move the ships at 30 knots 56 km h 35 mph but had a maximum output of 17 620 shaft horsepower 13 140 kW which propelled the ships at 35 79 knots 66 28 km h 1 As built the ships were armed with one 4 7 in 120 mm 40 gun four 3 in 76 mm 40 guns and two 17 7 in 450 mm torpedo tubes In 1914 they were augmented with an additional two torpedo tubes During World War I guide rails for laying up to ten mines were added to the ships Later wartime changes replaced all the guns with five 4 in 100 mm 35 and a single 40 mm 1 6 in 39 AA gun Oil capacity was also increased during the war from 100 metric tons 110 short tons to 128 metric tons 141 short tons in order to increase endurance but the increased weight had the opposite effect slowing the ships and reduced their endurance 1 Service career Edit Regia Marina destroyer Impetuoso All of the Indomito class saw action during World War I with two of the ships Impetuoso and Intrepido sunk during the war The remaining four ships all survived the war and were reclassified as torpedo boats in 1929 The remaining four ships were stricken 1937 38 Insidioso however was reinstated on 1 March 1941 Reduced to two funnels and rearmed she served as a target ship a convoy escort and served in an anti submarine warfare role She was scuttled by her crew on 10 September 1943 at Pola but was raised by the Germans who commissioned her as Wildfang on 8 November Wildfang the last surviving member of the Indomito class was sunk by U S aircraft on 5 November 1944 after just under one year of German service 1 Ships Edit Ship Builder Laid down Launched Completed Operational HistoryArdente AE 2 Orlando Livorno 4 April 1912 15 December 1912 15 August 1913 Stricken 12 October 1937 3 Ardito 4 Orlando Livorno 1912 20 October 1912 1914 Stricken in summer 1931Impavido IV Pattison Naples 1911 22 March 1913 1914 Stricken 1 September 1937Impetuoso Pattison Naples 1910 23 July 1913 1914 Sunk 10 July 1916 by Austro Hungarian U boat U 17Indomito ID Pattison Naples 1910 10 May 1912 20 January 1913 Stricken 11 July 1937Insidioso IS Pattison Naples 1912 30 September 1913 1914 Stricken 18 September 1938 Reinstated as a target ship and convoy escort on 1 March 1941 but scuttled at Pola on 10 September 1943 raised and renamed Wildfang by Germany but sunk by U S aircraft on 5 November 1944Intrepido Pattison Naples 1910 7 August 1912 1913 Sunk 4 December 1915 by a mine from German U boat UC 14Irrequieto IR Pattison Naples 1910 12 December 1912 1913 Stricken 11 October 1937Notes Edit Future destroyers until the 1921 22 Generali class were also called tre pipe or tre canne See Fraccaroli p 268References Edit a b c d e Fraccaroli pp 268 269 Ardente Marina Militare Retrieved 19 March 2021 Ardente Navi e Capitani Retrieved 19 March 2021 Ardito Marina Militare Retrieved 19 March 2021 Bibliography EditFraccaroli Aldo 1985 Italy In Gray Randal ed Conway s All the World s Fighting Ships 1906 1921 Annapolis Naval Institute Press pp 252 290 ISBN 978 0 87021 907 8 External links Edit Media related to Indomito class destroyer at Wikimedia Commons Indomito class destroyer 1910 Marina Militare websitePortals Italy Engineering World War I Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Indomito class destroyer amp oldid 1088630959, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
