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United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs

January 01, 1970

The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs is a committee of the United States Senate charged with oversight in matters related to the American Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native peoples. A Committee on Indian Affairs existed from 1820 to 1947, after which it was folded into the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. A new Native Affairs Committee was created in 1977, initially as a select committee, as a result of the detachment of indigenous affairs from the new Committee on Energy and National Resources, which had succeeded the old Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. The committee was initially intended to be temporary, but was made permanent in 1984. The committee tends to include senators from Western and Plains states, who have more Native American constituents.

Senate Indian Affairs Committee
Permanent select committee
Active

United States Senate
118th Congress
History
FormedFebruary 11, 1977
Leadership
ChairBrian Schatz (D)
Since February 3, 2021
Vice chairLisa Murkowski (R)
Since February 3, 2021
Structure
Seats11 members
Political partiesMajority (6)
  •   Democratic (6)
Minority (5)
Website
www.indian.senate.gov

History edit

Summary edit

In 1977,[1] the Senate approved S.Res. 4 which re-established the Committee on Indian Affairs as a temporary select committee.[2] The Select Committee was to disband at the close of the 95th Congress, but following several interim extensions, the Senate voted to make the Committee permanent on June 6, 1984. The committee has jurisdiction to study the unique problems of American Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native peoples and to propose legislation to alleviate these difficulties. These issues include, but are not limited to, Native education, economic development, land management, trust responsibilities, health care, and claims against the United States. Additionally, all legislation proposed by Members of the Senate that specifically pertains to American Indians, Native Hawaiians, or Alaska Natives is under the jurisdiction of the committee.

Early era edit

Until 1946, when the Legislative Reorganization Act abolished both the House and Senate Committees on Indian Affairs, the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs had been in existence since the early 19th century. After 1946, Native affairs legislative and oversight jurisdiction was vested in subcommittees of the Interior and Insular Affairs Committees of the House of Representatives and the Senate. While this subcommittee arrangement may not have specifically reflected a diminishment of the consideration given Native affairs by the Congress, the revised arrangement historically coincided with a 20-year hiatus in Native affairs known as the "Termination Era" – a period in which the prevailing policy of the United States was to terminate the Federal relationship with Native tribes or transfer jurisdiction over tribal lands to the states.

By the mid-1960s, this Termination philosophy was in decline as a failed policy and the Congress began to include Native tribes in legislation designed to rebuild the social infrastructure of the Nation and provide economic opportunities for economically depressed areas. In the early 1970s the Termination era was decisively ended with the enactment of the Menominee Restoration Act of 1973. Although a number of important legislative initiatives affecting Natives were enacted in the early 1970s, it became clear that the existing subcommittee structure was not providing an adequate forum for legislating appropriate solutions to problems confronting Native country. Legislative jurisdiction over Native affairs was fragmented among a number of committees. Overall, more than 10 committees in the Congress were responsible for Indian affairs, a situation which resulted in a sometimes disjointed treatment of Native affairs and in an often haphazard development of Federal Native policy.

Re-establishment of committee edit

In 1973, Senator James Abourezk introduced Senate Joint Resolution 133 to establish a Federal commission to review all aspects of policy, law, and administration relating to affairs of the United States with American Native tribes and people. The Senate and the House of Representatives both adopted S.J. Res. 133 and on January 2, 1975, the Resolution was signed into law by the President, thus establishing the American Indian Policy Review Commission.[3] As the work of this Commission progressed, it became readily apparent that a full Senate committee with full legislative and oversight authority was needed to receive the report of the American Indian Policy Review Commission and to act upon its recommendations. Indeed, one of the final recommendations of the Commission was that a full-fledged Native Affairs Committee be established in the Senate.

At the same time the Commission was formulating its recommendation for the establishment of a Native Affairs Committee, the Senate was developing a far-reaching proposal for reorganization of the entire Senate committee system. Under this proposal, the Subcommittee on Indian Affairs under the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs was to be abolished with its natural resource functions to be distributed among other newly formed Senate committees and its human resources functions to be transferred to the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources. In view of the pending report of the American Indian Policy Review Commission and its anticipated recommendations, however, the Senate revamped its committee reorganization proposal to include the establishment of a temporary select committee to receive the Commission's report and to act on its recommendations. Thus, there was included within S.Res. 4 of February 4, 1977, the Committee System Reorganization Amendments of 1977, a provision to establish a Select Committee on Native Affairs with full jurisdiction over all proposed legislation and other matters relating to Native affairs. With the commencement of the 96th Congress, the Select Committee on Indian Affairs was to expire and jurisdiction over Native matters was to be transferred to the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources.

As the Select Committee on Indian Affairs grappled with the report of the American Indian Policy Review Commission and the many other Native issues that were presented to it during the 95th Congress, it became increasingly evident that if the Congress was to continue to meet its constitutional, legal, and historical responsibilities in the area of Native affairs, an ongoing legislative committee with adequate expertise and resources should be re-established in the Senate.

S.Res. 405, to make the Select Committee on Indian Affairs a permanent committee of the Senate, was introduced by Senator Abourezk on February 22, 1978. The measure was amended by the Rules Committee to extend the life of the committee for two years until January 2, 1981, and was agreed to by the Senate on October 14, 1978. In the 96th Congress, Senator John Melcher, who was at the time chairman of the Select Committee, introduced S.Res. 448 to make it a permanent committee. The Resolution had 28 cosponsors, and was reported by the Rules Committee with an amendment to extend the select committee to January 2, 1984, and to expand the membership to seven members commencing in the 97th Congress. S. Res. 448 was adopted by the Senate on December 11, 1980.

Permanent committee edit

On April 28, 1983, Senator Mark Andrews, Chairman of the Select Committee on Indian Affairs in the 98th Congress, introduced S.Res. 127 to make the committee a permanent committee. This Resolution had 28 cosponsors. On November 1, 1983, the Committee on Rules and Administration voted unanimously to report the Resolution without amendment, and the Resolution was so reported on November 2, 1983 (S. Rept. 98–294). On November 18, the last day of the first session of the 98th Congress, the Senate agreed to an extension of the select committee to July 1, 1984, in order to allow time for later debate. By the time the Resolution was brought to the floor for consideration there were 60 cosponsors. On June 4, 1984, the Select Committee on Indian Affairs was made a permanent committee of the Senate.[4] In 1993, the Select Committee on Indian Affairs was redesignated as the Committee on Indian Affairs.[5]

Members, 118th Congress edit

Main article: 118th United States Congress
Majority[6] Minority[7]

Historical committee membership edit

117th Congress edit

Main article: 117th United States Congress
Majority Minority

116th Congress edit

Main article: 116th United States Congress
Majority Minority

115th Congress edit

Main article: 115th United States Congress
Majority Minority

Source [8]

Chairmen edit

Chairmen of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs, 1820–1947 edit

from 1947 to 1977, Indian Affairs were the responsibility of the Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, which was superseded by the U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources in 1977.

Chairmen of the Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs, 1977–1993 edit

Chairpersons of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs, 1993–present edit

References edit

  1. ^ Adlai, Stevenson (February 4, 1977). "S.Res.4 - 95th Congress (1977-1978): Committee System Reorganization Amendments". www.congress.gov. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  2. ^ § 105, S.Res. 4, 95th Congress, 1st session
  3. ^ Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 93–580
  4. ^ S.Res. 127, 98th Congress, 2nd session
  5. ^ § 25, S.Res. 71, 103rd Congress, 1st session
  6. ^ S.Res. 30 (118th Congress)
  7. ^ S.Res. 31 (118th Congress)
  8. ^ "U.S. Senate: Committee on Indian Affairs". www.senate.gov. Retrieved January 8, 2017.

External links edit

  • Official website

January 01, 1970
united, states, senate, committee, indian, affairs, senate, committee, indian, affairs, committee, united, states, senate, charged, with, oversight, matters, related, american, indian, native, hawaiian, alaska, native, peoples, committee, indian, affairs, exis. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs is a committee of the United States Senate charged with oversight in matters related to the American Indian Native Hawaiian and Alaska Native peoples A Committee on Indian Affairs existed from 1820 to 1947 after which it was folded into the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs A new Native Affairs Committee was created in 1977 initially as a select committee as a result of the detachment of indigenous affairs from the new Committee on Energy and National Resources which had succeeded the old Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs The committee was initially intended to be temporary but was made permanent in 1984 The committee tends to include senators from Western and Plains states who have more Native American constituents Senate Indian Affairs CommitteePermanent select committeeActive United States Senate118th CongressHistoryFormedFebruary 11 1977LeadershipChairBrian Schatz D Since February 3 2021Vice chairLisa Murkowski R Since February 3 2021StructureSeats11 membersPolitical partiesMajority 6 Democratic 6 Minority 5 Republican 5 Websitewww wbr indian wbr senate wbr gov Contents 1 History 1 1 Summary 1 2 Early era 1 3 Re establishment of committee 1 4 Permanent committee 2 Members 118th Congress 3 Historical committee membership 3 1 117th Congress 3 2 116th Congress 3 3 115th Congress 4 Chairmen 4 1 Chairmen of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs 1820 1947 4 2 Chairmen of the Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs 1977 1993 4 3 Chairpersons of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs 1993 present 5 References 6 External linksHistory editSummary edit In 1977 1 the Senate approved S Res 4 which re established the Committee on Indian Affairs as a temporary select committee 2 The Select Committee was to disband at the close of the 95th Congress but following several interim extensions the Senate voted to make the Committee permanent on June 6 1984 The committee has jurisdiction to study the unique problems of American Indian Native Hawaiian and Alaska Native peoples and to propose legislation to alleviate these difficulties These issues include but are not limited to Native education economic development land management trust responsibilities health care and claims against the United States Additionally all legislation proposed by Members of the Senate that specifically pertains to American Indians Native Hawaiians or Alaska Natives is under the jurisdiction of the committee Early era edit Until 1946 when the Legislative Reorganization Act abolished both the House and Senate Committees on Indian Affairs the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs had been in existence since the early 19th century After 1946 Native affairs legislative and oversight jurisdiction was vested in subcommittees of the Interior and Insular Affairs Committees of the House of Representatives and the Senate While this subcommittee arrangement may not have specifically reflected a diminishment of the consideration given Native affairs by the Congress the revised arrangement historically coincided with a 20 year hiatus in Native affairs known as the Termination Era a period in which the prevailing policy of the United States was to terminate the Federal relationship with Native tribes or transfer jurisdiction over tribal lands to the states By the mid 1960s this Termination philosophy was in decline as a failed policy and the Congress began to include Native tribes in legislation designed to rebuild the social infrastructure of the Nation and provide economic opportunities for economically depressed areas In the early 1970s the Termination era was decisively ended with the enactment of the Menominee Restoration Act of 1973 Although a number of important legislative initiatives affecting Natives were enacted in the early 1970s it became clear that the existing subcommittee structure was not providing an adequate forum for legislating appropriate solutions to problems confronting Native country Legislative jurisdiction over Native affairs was fragmented among a number of committees Overall more than 10 committees in the Congress were responsible for Indian affairs a situation which resulted in a sometimes disjointed treatment of Native affairs and in an often haphazard development of Federal Native policy Re establishment of committee edit In 1973 Senator James Abourezk introduced Senate Joint Resolution 133 to establish a Federal commission to review all aspects of policy law and administration relating to affairs of the United States with American Native tribes and people The Senate and the House of Representatives both adopted S J Res 133 and on January 2 1975 the Resolution was signed into law by the President thus establishing the American Indian Policy Review Commission 3 As the work of this Commission progressed it became readily apparent that a full Senate committee with full legislative and oversight authority was needed to receive the report of the American Indian Policy Review Commission and to act upon its recommendations Indeed one of the final recommendations of the Commission was that a full fledged Native Affairs Committee be established in the Senate At the same time the Commission was formulating its recommendation for the establishment of a Native Affairs Committee the Senate was developing a far reaching proposal for reorganization of the entire Senate committee system Under this proposal the Subcommittee on Indian Affairs under the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs was to be abolished with its natural resource functions to be distributed among other newly formed Senate committees and its human resources functions to be transferred to the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources In view of the pending report of the American Indian Policy Review Commission and its anticipated recommendations however the Senate revamped its committee reorganization proposal to include the establishment of a temporary select committee to receive the Commission s report and to act on its recommendations Thus there was included within S Res 4 of February 4 1977 the Committee System Reorganization Amendments of 1977 a provision to establish a Select Committee on Native Affairs with full jurisdiction over all proposed legislation and other matters relating to Native affairs With the commencement of the 96th Congress the Select Committee on Indian Affairs was to expire and jurisdiction over Native matters was to be transferred to the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources As the Select Committee on Indian Affairs grappled with the report of the American Indian Policy Review Commission and the many other Native issues that were presented to it during the 95th Congress it became increasingly evident that if the Congress was to continue to meet its constitutional legal and historical responsibilities in the area of Native affairs an ongoing legislative committee with adequate expertise and resources should be re established in the Senate S Res 405 to make the Select Committee on Indian Affairs a permanent committee of the Senate was introduced by Senator Abourezk on February 22 1978 The measure was amended by the Rules Committee to extend the life of the committee for two years until January 2 1981 and was agreed to by the Senate on October 14 1978 In the 96th Congress Senator John Melcher who was at the time chairman of the Select Committee introduced S Res 448 to make it a permanent committee The Resolution had 28 cosponsors and was reported by the Rules Committee with an amendment to extend the select committee to January 2 1984 and to expand the membership to seven members commencing in the 97th Congress S Res 448 was adopted by the Senate on December 11 1980 Permanent committee edit On April 28 1983 Senator Mark Andrews Chairman of the Select Committee on Indian Affairs in the 98th Congress introduced S Res 127 to make the committee a permanent committee This Resolution had 28 cosponsors On November 1 1983 the Committee on Rules and Administration voted unanimously to report the Resolution without amendment and the Resolution was so reported on November 2 1983 S Rept 98 294 On November 18 the last day of the first session of the 98th Congress the Senate agreed to an extension of the select committee to July 1 1984 in order to allow time for later debate By the time the Resolution was brought to the floor for consideration there were 60 cosponsors On June 4 1984 the Select Committee on Indian Affairs was made a permanent committee of the Senate 4 In 1993 the Select Committee on Indian Affairs was redesignated as the Committee on Indian Affairs 5 Members 118th Congress editMain article 118th United States Congress Majority 6 Minority 7 Brian Schatz Hawaii Chairman Maria Cantwell Washington Jon Tester Montana Catherine Cortez Masto Nevada Tina Smith Minnesota Ben Ray Lujan New Mexico Lisa Murkowski Alaska Vice Chairwoman John Hoeven North Dakota Steve Daines Montana Markwayne Mullin Oklahoma Mike Rounds South DakotaHistorical committee membership edit117th Congress edit Main article 117th United States Congress Majority Minority Brian Schatz Hawaii Chairman Maria Cantwell Washington Jon Tester Montana Catherine Cortez Masto Nevada Tina Smith Minnesota Ben Ray Lujan New Mexico Lisa Murkowski Alaska Vice Chairwoman John Hoeven North Dakota James Lankford Oklahoma Steve Daines Montana Mike Rounds South Dakota Jerry Moran Kansas 116th Congress edit Main article 116th United States Congress Majority Minority John Hoeven North Dakota Chairman John Barrasso Wyoming Lisa Murkowski Alaska James Lankford Oklahoma Steve Daines Montana Jerry Moran Kansas Martha McSally Arizona until December 2 2020 Tom Udall New Mexico Vice Chairman Maria Cantwell Washington Jon Tester Montana Brian Schatz Hawaii Catherine Cortez Masto Nevada Tina Smith Minnesota 115th Congress edit Main article 115th United States Congress Majority Minority John Hoeven North Dakota Chairman John Barrasso Wyoming Lisa Murkowski Alaska James Lankford Oklahoma Steve Daines Montana Mike Crapo Idaho Jon Kyl Arizona Jerry Moran Kansas Tom Udall New Mexico Vice Chairman Maria Cantwell Washington Jon Tester Montana Brian Schatz Hawaii Heidi Heitkamp North Dakota Catherine Cortez Masto Nevada Tina Smith Minnesota Source 8 Chairmen editChairmen of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs 1820 1947 edit David Holmes R MS 1820 1821 Henry Johnson R LA 1821 1823 Thomas Hart Benton R D MO 1823 1828 Hugh Lawson White D TN 1828 1832 George M Troup D GA 1832 1833 Hugh Lawson White W TN 1833 1840 Ambrose Sevier D AR 1840 1841 James T Morehead W KY 1841 1842 Albert White W IN 1842 1845 Ambrose Sevier D AR 1845 1846 Arthur Bagby D AL 1846 1847 David R Atchison D MO 1847 1853 William K Sebastian D AR 1853 1861 James Rood Doolittle R WI 1861 1867 John B Henderson R MO 1867 1869 James Harlan R IA 1869 1873 William Alfred Buckingham R CT 1873 1875 William B Allison R IA 1875 1879 Richard Coke D TX 1879 1881 Henry Dawes R MA 1881 1893 James K Jones D AR 1893 1895 Richard Pettigrew R SD 1895 1899 John M Thurston R NE 1899 1901 William Stewart R NV 1901 1905 Moses E Clapp R MN 1905 1911 Robert J Gamble R SD 1911 1913 William J Stone D MO 1913 1914 Henry F Ashurst D AZ 1914 1919 Charles Curtis R KS 1919 1921 Selden P Spencer R MO 1921 1923 John W Harreld R OK 1923 1927 Lynn J Frazier R ND 1927 1933 Burton K Wheeler D MT 1933 1936 Elmer Thomas D OK 1936 1945 Joseph O Mahoney D WY 1945 1947 from 1947 to 1977 Indian Affairs were the responsibility of the Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs which was superseded by the U S Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources in 1977 Chairmen of the Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs 1977 1993 edit James Abourezk D SD 1977 1979 John Melcher D MT 1979 1981 William S Cohen R ME 1981 1983 Mark Andrews R ND 1983 1987 Daniel K Inouye D HI 1987 1993 Chairpersons of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs 1993 present edit Daniel K Inouye D HI 1993 1995 John McCain R AZ 1995 1997 Ben Nighthorse Campbell R CO 1997 2001 Daniel K Inouye D HI 2001 Ben Nighthorse Campbell R CO 2001 Daniel K Inouye D HI 2001 2003 Ben Nighthorse Campbell R CO 2003 2005 John McCain R AZ 2005 2007 Byron Dorgan D ND 2007 2011 Daniel Akaka D HI 2011 2013 Maria Cantwell D WA 2013 2014 Jon Tester D MT 2014 2015 John Barrasso R WY 2015 2017 John Hoeven R ND 2017 2021 Brian Schatz D HI 2021 presentReferences edit Adlai Stevenson February 4 1977 S Res 4 95th Congress 1977 1978 Committee System Reorganization Amendments www congress gov Retrieved April 6 2018 105 S Res 4 95th Congress 1st session Pub L Tooltip Public Law United States 93 580 S Res 127 98th Congress 2nd session 25 S Res 71 103rd Congress 1st session S Res 30 118th Congress S Res 31 118th Congress U S Senate Committee on Indian Affairs www senate gov Retrieved January 8 2017 External links editOfficial website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs amp oldid 1219238007, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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