In situ thermal desorption (ISTD) is an intensive thermally enhanced environmental remediation technology that uses thermal conductive heating (TCH) elements to directly transfer heat to environmental media. The ISTD/TCH process can be applied at low (<100 °C), moderate (~100 °C) and higher (>100 °C) temperature levels to accomplish the remediation of a wide variety of contaminants, both above and below the water table. ISTD/TCH is the only major in situ thermal remediation (ISTR) technology capable of achieving subsurface target treatment temperatures above the boiling point of water and is effective at virtually any depth in almost any media. TCH works in tight soils, clay layers, and soils with wide heterogeneity in permeability or moisture content that are impacted by a broad range of volatile and semi-volatile organic contaminants.
ISTD using TCH was developed by Shell Oil Co. in the late 1980s and grew out of research and development for enhanced oil recovery. During the mid-1990s Shell Oil Company commercialized ISTD with an investment of over $30 million.[citation needed]
Method of operationedit
Thermal conductive heating is the application of heat to subsurface soils through conductive heat transfer. The source of the heat is applied via electric or gas powered thermal wells. Thermal wells are inserted vertically, or horizontally, in an array within the soil. Heat flows from the heating elements by conduction. The heating process causes contaminants to be vaporized or destroyed by means of:
evaporation
steam stripping
hydrolysis
oxidation
pyrolysis
Vaporized contaminants are collected from vapor extraction wells and containerized for removal or recycling.
situ, thermal, desorption, this, article, does, cite, sources, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, march, 2020, learn, whe. This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources In situ thermal desorption news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2020 Learn how and when to remove this message In situ thermal desorption ISTD is an intensive thermally enhanced environmental remediation technology that uses thermal conductive heating TCH elements to directly transfer heat to environmental media The ISTD TCH process can be applied at low lt 100 C moderate 100 C and higher gt 100 C temperature levels to accomplish the remediation of a wide variety of contaminants both above and below the water table ISTD TCH is the only major in situ thermal remediation ISTR technology capable of achieving subsurface target treatment temperatures above the boiling point of water and is effective at virtually any depth in almost any media TCH works in tight soils clay layers and soils with wide heterogeneity in permeability or moisture content that are impacted by a broad range of volatile and semi volatile organic contaminants Contents 1 History 2 Method of operation 3 See also 4 ReferencesHistory editISTD using TCH was developed by Shell Oil Co in the late 1980s and grew out of research and development for enhanced oil recovery During the mid 1990s Shell Oil Company commercialized ISTD with an investment of over 30 million citation needed Method of operation editThermal conductive heating is the application of heat to subsurface soils through conductive heat transfer The source of the heat is applied via electric or gas powered thermal wells Thermal wells are inserted vertically or horizontally in an array within the soil Heat flows from the heating elements by conduction The heating process causes contaminants to be vaporized or destroyed by means of evaporation steam stripping hydrolysis oxidation pyrolysis Vaporized contaminants are collected from vapor extraction wells and containerized for removal or recycling See also editSoil vapor extraction thermal blanketReferences edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title In situ thermal desorption amp oldid 944836239, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
