Improved sanitation (related to but distinct from a "safely managed sanitation service") is a term used to categorize types of sanitation for monitoring purposes. It refers to the management of human feces at the household level. The term was coined by the Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation of UNICEF and WHO in 2002 to help monitor the progress towards Goal Number 7 of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The opposite of "improved sanitation" has been termed "unimproved sanitation" in the JMP definitions. The same terms are used to monitor progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Target 6.2, Indicator 6.2.1) from 2015 onwards.[2] Here, they are a component of the definition for "safely managed sanitation service".
Share of population using safely managed sanitation facilities in 2020[1]
The Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation has been publishing updates on the global sanitation situation on an annual basis. For example, in 2015 it was reported that 68% of the world's population had access to improved sanitation.[3]
In 2015 this goal was replaced by Sustainable Development Goal 6, in which Target 6.2 states: "By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations." Indicator 6.2.1 is the "Proportion of population using (a) safely managed sanitation services and (b) a handwashing facility with soap and water".[4]
"Sanitation value chain" which starts with toiletsShare of rural population with improved sanitation facilities in 2015[1]Number of people without access to improved sanitation in 2015Improved sanitation example: pit latrine with a slab covering the drop hole and handwashing station in BurundiA mason building latrines to slabs which can be used for toilets to achieve improved sanitation in Dadaab, KenyaUnimproved sanitation example: pit latrine without slab in Lusaka, Zambia
During SDG period (2015 to 2030)Edit
In 2017, the JMP defined a new term: "basic sanitation service". This is defined as the use of improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households. A lower level of service is now called "limited sanitation service" which refers to the use of improved sanitation facilities that are shared between two or more households. A higher level of service is called "safely managed sanitation". This is basic sanitation service where excreta is safely disposed of in situ or transported and treated offsite.[2]
The definition of improved sanitation facilities is: Those facilities designed to hygienically separate excreta from human contact.[2]: 8
The ladder of sanitation services includes (from lowest to highest): open defecation, unimproved, limited, basic, safely managed.[2]: 8
During MDG period (2000 to 2015)Edit
An improved sanitation facility is defined as one that hygienically separates human excreta from human contact.[5] It is not necessarily identical with sustainable sanitation. The opposite of "improved sanitation" has been termed "unimproved sanitation" in the JMP definitions.
Whilst "shared" toilets are not counted as improved sanitation, data about usage of shared toilets is nevertheless reported in the annual progress reports of the JMP.[6]
ReferencesEdit
^ abRitchie, Roser, Mispy, Ortiz-Ospina (2018) "Measuring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals." (SDG 6) SDG-Tracker.org, website
^ abcdWHO and UNICEF (2017) Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: 2017 Update and SDG Baselines. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 2017
^Progress on drinking water and sanitation, 2015 Update. WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP). 2014. ISBN9789241507240.
^Ritchie, Roser, Mispy, Ortiz-Ospina (2018) "Measuring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals." (SDG 6) SDG-Tracker.org, website
^ abWHO and UNICEF (2012) Improved and unimproved water and sanitation facilities 2015-10-03 at the Wayback Machine, WHO, Geneva and UNICEF, New York, accessed on 15 June 2015
^WHO and UNICEF , WHO, Geneva and UNICEF, New York
October 17, 2023
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Improved sanitation related to but distinct from a safely managed sanitation service is a term used to categorize types of sanitation for monitoring purposes It refers to the management of human feces at the household level The term was coined by the Joint Monitoring Program JMP for Water Supply and Sanitation of UNICEF and WHO in 2002 to help monitor the progress towards Goal Number 7 of the Millennium Development Goals MDGs The opposite of improved sanitation has been termed unimproved sanitation in the JMP definitions The same terms are used to monitor progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 6 Target 6 2 Indicator 6 2 1 from 2015 onwards 2 Here they are a component of the definition for safely managed sanitation service Share of population using safely managed sanitation facilities in 2020 1 The Joint Monitoring Program JMP for Water Supply and Sanitation has been publishing updates on the global sanitation situation on an annual basis For example in 2015 it was reported that 68 of the world s population had access to improved sanitation 3 In 2015 this goal was replaced by Sustainable Development Goal 6 in which Target 6 2 states By 2030 achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations Indicator 6 2 1 is the Proportion of population using a safely managed sanitation services and b a handwashing facility with soap and water 4 Contents 1 Definitions 1 1 During SDG period 2015 to 2030 1 2 During MDG period 2000 to 2015 2 ReferencesDefinitions Edit nbsp Sanitation value chain which starts with toilets nbsp Share of rural population with improved sanitation facilities in 2015 1 nbsp Number of people without access to improved sanitation in 2015 nbsp Improved sanitation example pit latrine with a slab covering the drop hole and handwashing station in Burundi nbsp A mason building latrines to slabs which can be used for toilets to achieve improved sanitation in Dadaab Kenya nbsp Unimproved sanitation example pit latrine without slab in Lusaka ZambiaDuring SDG period 2015 to 2030 Edit In 2017 the JMP defined a new term basic sanitation service This is defined as the use of improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households A lower level of service is now called limited sanitation service which refers to the use of improved sanitation facilities that are shared between two or more households A higher level of service is called safely managed sanitation This is basic sanitation service where excreta is safely disposed of in situ or transported and treated offsite 2 The definition of improved sanitation facilities is Those facilities designed to hygienically separate excreta from human contact 2 8 The ladder of sanitation services includes from lowest to highest open defecation unimproved limited basic safely managed 2 8 During MDG period 2000 to 2015 Edit An improved sanitation facility is defined as one that hygienically separates human excreta from human contact 5 It is not necessarily identical with sustainable sanitation The opposite of improved sanitation has been termed unimproved sanitation in the JMP definitions To allow for international comparability of estimates for monitoring the Millennium Development Goals MDGs the Joint Monitoring Program JMP for Water Supply and Sanitation defines improved sanitation as the following kind of toilets 5 Flush toilet Connection to a piped sewer system Connection to a septic system Flush pour flush to a pit latrine Pit latrine with slab Ventilated improved pit latrine abbreviated as VIP latrine Composting toiletSanitation facilities that are not considered as improved also called unimproved are Public or shared latrine meaning a toilet that is used by more than one household Flush pour flush to elsewhere not into a pit septic tank or sewer Pit latrine without slab Bucket latrines Hanging toilet latrine No facilities bush field flying toilets open defecation Whilst shared toilets are not counted as improved sanitation data about usage of shared toilets is nevertheless reported in the annual progress reports of the JMP 6 References Edit a b Ritchie Roser Mispy Ortiz Ospina 2018 Measuring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals SDG 6 SDG Tracker org website a b c d WHO and UNICEF 2017 Progress on Drinking Water Sanitation and Hygiene 2017 Update and SDG Baselines Geneva World Health Organization WHO and the United Nations Children s Fund UNICEF 2017 Progress on drinking water and sanitation 2015 Update WHO UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation JMP 2014 ISBN 9789241507240 Ritchie Roser Mispy Ortiz Ospina 2018 Measuring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals SDG 6 SDG Tracker org website a b WHO and UNICEF 2012 Improved and unimproved water and sanitation facilities Archived 2015 10 03 at the Wayback Machine WHO Geneva and UNICEF New York accessed on 15 June 2015 WHO and UNICEF Progress on Sanitation and Drinking water 2015 Update WHO Geneva and UNICEF New York Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Improved sanitation amp oldid 1134570467, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
