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Ilo, Peru

October 15, 2023

17°38′45.09″S 71°20′43.13″W / 17.6458583°S 71.3453139°W / -17.6458583; -71.3453139

Ilo
City
Flag
Seal
Ilo
Coordinates: 17°38′45.09″S 71°20′43.13″W / 17.6458583°S 71.3453139°W / -17.6458583; -71.3453139
Country Peru
RegionMoquegua
ProvinceIlo
DistrictIlo
Government
 • MayorGerardo Carpio
Area
 • Total295.6 km2 (114.1 sq mi)
Elevation
15 m (49 ft)
Population
 (2017)
 • Total66,118
 • Estimate 
(2015)[1]
67,428
 • Density220/km2 (580/sq mi)
DemonymIleños
WebsiteOfficial website

Ilo[a] is a port city in southern Peru, with 66,118 inhabitants. It is the second largest city in the Moquegua Region and capital of the Ilo Province.

History Edit

Before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century, the area was populated by the people of the Chiribaya culture. The Conquistadores were given land grants by Charles V and brought olives to this area. Olive agriculture was the main crop and source of work until the early 20th century. A small settlement, Pacocha, was established by the seashore where the Osmore River (Rio Osmore) flows into the Pacific Ocean. High tides in the late 19th century flooded Pacocha and the population moved to Ilo's actual location, adopting its current name. Until the beginning of the 20th century most of the people lived along the banks of the Rio Osmore, whose waters flow sporadically during the summer months. Ilo was a port of call to the ships travelling from the east to the west coast of the United States via Tierra del Fuego. After the building of a pier in the 19th century, international trade flourished in the region. Italians, Chinese, Japanese and Germans settled in Ilo during this time. However, the building of the Transcontinental Rail Road and the Panama Canal caused commercial activities to decrease and mostly steamships transporting goods between Peruvian and Chilean ports remained. The Battle of Pacocha took place near Ilo.

Along with its pier, a railroad was built to connect Ilo to Moquegua. The railroad was named after Calamazo (Spanish pronunciation of Kalamazoo, from the name stamped on the equipment used by the railroad). The main economic activities of the city include fishing and mining. Copper mines originally owned by the Southern Peru Copper Corporation (SPCC) have provided several jobs to the region. SPCC was established by the American Smelting and Mining Corporation in the middle of the 20th century. Many Americans and Peruvians working for SPCC live in an area of Ilo called Ciudad Nueva. The copper smelting plant and a formerly state-owned refinery located 10 kilometers far from the city have contributed to a large amount of air and water pollution in the region. Ilo's industry appeared in the Canadian documentary film The Corporation, as an example of environmental problems caused by industries. Local swimming areas include Pozo de Lisas, Monte Carlo and Puerto Ingles. Bolivia has in the past utilized Ilo as a free gate to the ocean for both recreational and trade purposes.

Transport Edit

In 1992 the Peruvian government granted a 99-year lease to the government of landlocked Bolivia to develop a port facility, in effect allowing Bolivia to claim to be a "Pacific Ocean nation".[4] Bolivia lost its territory on the Pacific coast following the War of the Pacific with Chile in the 19th century. A new metre gauge railway through Bolivia to Brazil is also proposed.

Climate Edit

Temperatures in Ilo range between 18 and 28 degrees Celsius year round. Rain is almost non-existent, as Ilo is located north of the Atacama Desert, one of the driest coastal deserts in the world.

Climate data for Ilo, Peru (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 25.4
(77.7) 		25.5
(77.9) 		24.9
(76.8) 		23.3
(73.9) 		21.5
(70.7) 		19.9
(67.8) 		18.8
(65.8) 		18.6
(65.5) 		19.2
(66.6) 		20.9
(69.6) 		22.7
(72.9) 		24.3
(75.7) 		22.1
(71.7)
Average low °C (°F) 16.7
(62.1) 		16.9
(62.4) 		16.0
(60.8) 		14.5
(58.1) 		12.5
(54.5) 		10.9
(51.6) 		10.1
(50.2) 		10.5
(50.9) 		11.3
(52.3) 		12.6
(54.7) 		14.1
(57.4) 		15.5
(59.9) 		13.5
(56.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.1
(0.00) 		0.2
(0.01) 		0.1
(0.00) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.00) 		0.1
(0.00) 		0.2
(0.01) 		0.1
(0.00) 		0.2
(0.01) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.00) 		0.0
(0.0) 		1.2
(0.03)
Source: Senamhi[5]

Pacific Ocean terminal of the Interoceanic Highway Edit

Ilo is the southernmost of the three ports which comprise the Peruvian termini of the Interoceanic Highway which links the state of Acre, in the Amazon Basin in Brazil, across the Andes to the Pacific Ocean.

Main sights Edit

The main attraction is the Urban Center whose landmarks are:

  • St. Jerome's temple, built in 1871
  • Glorieta José Gálvez, built in 1915
  • State Pier, built at the end of 19th century
  • Punta Coles
  • Peruvian Navy Museum
  • "El Algarrobal" Museum.
  • The powerful tubing right hander wave that breaks in the bay

Boliviamar Edit

BoliviaMar is a narrow strip of beach located 17.5 km to the south, next to the coastal road that connects the departments of Tacna and Moquegua. It is a port concession to Bolivia and the terminus for a planned railway project.[6][7]

In popular culture Edit

Ilo is referenced in the traditional sea shanty "Tom's Gone to Hilo".[8]

See also Edit

Notes Edit

  1. ^ Sometimes Ylo[2] or Hilo[3] in older sources

References Edit

  1. ^ Perú: Población estimada al 30 de junio y tasa de crecimiento de las ciudades capitales, por departamento, 2011 y 2015. Perú: Estimaciones y proyecciones de población total por sexo de las principales ciudades, 2012-2015 (Report). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. March 2012. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  2. ^ Vivian, Evelyn Charles (1921). Peru: physical features, natural resources, means of communication. D. Appleton & Company.
  3. ^ Dampier, William; Masefield, John (1906). Dampier's voyages: consisting of a New voyage round the world. E. Grant Richards.
  4. ^ BBC (21 October 2010). "Peru deal gives landlocked Bolivia coast for own port". Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  5. ^ (PDF) (in Spanish). Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú. pp. 236–238. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  6. ^ Emery, Alex (September 4, 2017). "Peru, Bolivia study bi-oceanic railway, Ilo port projects". BNamericas. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
  7. ^ Bennett, Tess (September 25, 2013). "Bolivia's Long Diplomatic Road to the Coast". The Argentina Independent. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
  8. ^ Tom's Gone to Hilo/My Johnny's Gone to Hilo

External links Edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ilo.
  • (in Spanish) Ilo official website

October 15, 2023
peru, 6458583, 3453139, 6458583, 3453139ilocityflagsealilocoordinates, 6458583, 3453139, 6458583, 3453139country, peruregionmoqueguaprovinceilodistrictilogovernment, mayorgerardo, carpioarea, total295, elevation15, population, 2017, total66, estimate, 2015, de. 17 38 45 09 S 71 20 43 13 W 17 6458583 S 71 3453139 W 17 6458583 71 3453139IloCityFlagSealIloCoordinates 17 38 45 09 S 71 20 43 13 W 17 6458583 S 71 3453139 W 17 6458583 71 3453139Country PeruRegionMoqueguaProvinceIloDistrictIloGovernment MayorGerardo CarpioArea Total295 6 km2 114 1 sq mi Elevation15 m 49 ft Population 2017 Total66 118 Estimate 2015 1 67 428 Density220 km2 580 sq mi DemonymIlenosWebsiteOfficial websiteIlo a is a port city in southern Peru with 66 118 inhabitants It is the second largest city in the Moquegua Region and capital of the Ilo Province Contents 1 History 2 Transport 3 Climate 4 Pacific Ocean terminal of the Interoceanic Highway 5 Main sights 5 1 Boliviamar 6 In popular culture 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 External linksHistory EditBefore the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century the area was populated by the people of the Chiribaya culture The Conquistadores were given land grants by Charles V and brought olives to this area Olive agriculture was the main crop and source of work until the early 20th century A small settlement Pacocha was established by the seashore where the Osmore River Rio Osmore flows into the Pacific Ocean High tides in the late 19th century flooded Pacocha and the population moved to Ilo s actual location adopting its current name Until the beginning of the 20th century most of the people lived along the banks of the Rio Osmore whose waters flow sporadically during the summer months Ilo was a port of call to the ships travelling from the east to the west coast of the United States via Tierra del Fuego After the building of a pier in the 19th century international trade flourished in the region Italians Chinese Japanese and Germans settled in Ilo during this time However the building of the Transcontinental Rail Road and the Panama Canal caused commercial activities to decrease and mostly steamships transporting goods between Peruvian and Chilean ports remained The Battle of Pacocha took place near Ilo Along with its pier a railroad was built to connect Ilo to Moquegua The railroad was named after Calamazo Spanish pronunciation of Kalamazoo from the name stamped on the equipment used by the railroad The main economic activities of the city include fishing and mining Copper mines originally owned by the Southern Peru Copper Corporation SPCC have provided several jobs to the region SPCC was established by the American Smelting and Mining Corporation in the middle of the 20th century Many Americans and Peruvians working for SPCC live in an area of Ilo called Ciudad Nueva The copper smelting plant and a formerly state owned refinery located 10 kilometers far from the city have contributed to a large amount of air and water pollution in the region Ilo s industry appeared in the Canadian documentary film The Corporation as an example of environmental problems caused by industries Local swimming areas include Pozo de Lisas Monte Carlo and Puerto Ingles Bolivia has in the past utilized Ilo as a free gate to the ocean for both recreational and trade purposes Transport EditIn 1992 the Peruvian government granted a 99 year lease to the government of landlocked Bolivia to develop a port facility in effect allowing Bolivia to claim to be a Pacific Ocean nation 4 Bolivia lost its territory on the Pacific coast following the War of the Pacific with Chile in the 19th century A new metre gauge railway through Bolivia to Brazil is also proposed Climate EditTemperatures in Ilo range between 18 and 28 degrees Celsius year round Rain is almost non existent as Ilo is located north of the Atacama Desert one of the driest coastal deserts in the world Climate data for Ilo Peru 1981 2010 Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearAverage high C F 25 4 77 7 25 5 77 9 24 9 76 8 23 3 73 9 21 5 70 7 19 9 67 8 18 8 65 8 18 6 65 5 19 2 66 6 20 9 69 6 22 7 72 9 24 3 75 7 22 1 71 7 Average low C F 16 7 62 1 16 9 62 4 16 0 60 8 14 5 58 1 12 5 54 5 10 9 51 6 10 1 50 2 10 5 50 9 11 3 52 3 12 6 54 7 14 1 57 4 15 5 59 9 13 5 56 2 Average precipitation mm inches 0 1 0 00 0 2 0 01 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 00 0 1 0 00 0 2 0 01 0 1 0 00 0 2 0 01 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 03 Source Senamhi 5 Pacific Ocean terminal of the Interoceanic Highway EditIlo is the southernmost of the three ports which comprise the Peruvian termini of the Interoceanic Highway which links the state of Acre in the Amazon Basin in Brazil across the Andes to the Pacific Ocean Main sights EditThe main attraction is the Urban Center whose landmarks are St Jerome s temple built in 1871 Glorieta Jose Galvez built in 1915 State Pier built at the end of 19th century Punta Coles Peruvian Navy Museum El Algarrobal Museum The powerful tubing right hander wave that breaks in the bayBoliviamar Edit BoliviaMar is a narrow strip of beach located 17 5 km to the south next to the coastal road that connects the departments of Tacna and Moquegua It is a port concession to Bolivia and the terminus for a planned railway project 6 7 In popular culture EditIlo is referenced in the traditional sea shanty Tom s Gone to Hilo 8 See also EditMoquegua Railway stations in PeruNotes Edit Sometimes Ylo 2 or Hilo 3 in older sourcesReferences Edit Peru Poblacion estimada al 30 de junio y tasa de crecimiento de las ciudades capitales por departamento 2011 y 2015 Peru Estimaciones y proyecciones de poblacion total por sexo de las principales ciudades 2012 2015 Report Instituto Nacional de Estadistica e Informatica March 2012 Retrieved 2015 06 03 Vivian Evelyn Charles 1921 Peru physical features natural resources means of communication D Appleton amp Company Dampier William Masefield John 1906 Dampier s voyages consisting of a New voyage round the world E Grant Richards BBC 21 October 2010 Peru deal gives landlocked Bolivia coast for own port Retrieved 24 June 2019 Normales Climatologicas 1981 2010 de la Precipitacion Temperatura Maxima y Temperatura Minima del aire PDF in Spanish Servicio Nacional de Meteorologia e Hidrologia del Peru pp 236 238 Archived from the original PDF on 21 September 2019 Retrieved 30 March 2020 Emery Alex September 4 2017 Peru Bolivia study bi oceanic railway Ilo port projects BNamericas Retrieved March 8 2018 Bennett Tess September 25 2013 Bolivia s Long Diplomatic Road to the Coast The Argentina Independent Retrieved March 8 2018 Tom s Gone to Hilo My Johnny s Gone to HiloExternal links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ilo in Spanish Ilo official website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ilo Peru amp oldid 1154351032, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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